socket默认的套接字选项，setsockopt/getsockopt

一、getsockopt/setsockopt 函数

       #include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
       #include <sys/socket.h>

       int getsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname,
                      void *optval, socklen_t *optlen);
       int setsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int optname,
                      const void *optval, socklen_t optlen);

sockfd：已打开的socket描述符

level：级别

optval：指向某个变量的指针，若是setsockopt，则为要设置的新值，若是getsockopt则为获取到选项的值存到该变量中

optlen：optval的长度

二，套接字选项

三、获取默认设置程序示例

/*getsockopt.c*/
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <string.h>

union val
{
	int i_val;
	int l_val;
	struct linger linger_val;
	struct timeval timeval_val;
}val;

static char *sock_str_flag(union val *, int);
static char *sock_str_int(union val *, int);
static char *sock_str_linger(union val *, int);
static char *sock_str_timeval(union val *, int);

struct sock_opts
{
	const char *opt_str;
	int opt_level;
	int opt_name;
	char *(*opt_val_str)(union val *, int);
}sock_opts[] = 
{
	{"SO_BROADCAST", SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, sock_str_flag},
	{"SO_DEBUG",     SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,     sock_str_flag},
	{"SO_DONTROUTE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, sock_str_flag},
	{"SO_ERROR",     SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,     sock_str_int},
	{"SO_KEEPALIVE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, sock_str_flag},
	{"SO_LINGER",    SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER,    sock_str_linger},
	{"SO_OOBINLINE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_OOBINLINE, sock_str_flag},
	{"SO_RCVBUF",    SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,   sock_str_int},
	{"SO_SNDBUF",    SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF,    sock_str_int},
	{"SO_RCVLOWAT",  SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVLOWAT,  sock_str_int},
	{"SO_SNDLOWAT",  SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDLOWAT,  sock_str_int},
	{"SO_RCVTIMEO",  SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO,  sock_str_timeval},
	{"SO_SNDTIMEO",  SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO,  sock_str_timeval},
	{"SO_REUSEADDR", SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, sock_str_flag},
#ifdef SO_REUSEPORT
	{"SO_REUSEPORT", SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, sock_str_flag},
#else
	{"SO_REUSEPORT", 0, 0, NULL},
#endif
	{"SO_TYPE",      SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE,      sock_str_int},
	//{"SO_USELOOPBACK",SOL_SOCKET,SO_USELOOPBACK,sock_str_flag},
	{"IP_TOS",       IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS,       sock_str_int},
	{"IP_TTL",       IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL,       sock_str_int},
	//{"IPV6_DONTFRAG",IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DONTFRAG,sock_str_flag},
	//{"IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS",IPPROTO_IPV6,IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,sock_str_int},
	//{"IPV6_V6ONLY",  IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, sock_str_flag},
	{"TCP_MAXSEG",   IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_MAXSEG,  sock_str_int},
	{"TCP_NODELAY",  IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, sock_str_flag},
	//{"SCTP_AUTOCLOSE",IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_AUTOCLOSE, sock_str_int},
	//{"SCTP_MAXBURST", IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_MAXBURST,  sock_str_int},
	//{"SCTP_MAXSEG",   IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_MAXSEG,    sock_str_int},
	//{"SCTP_NODELAY",  IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_NODELAY,   sock_str_flag},
	{NULL, 0, 0, NULL}
};

static char str[128];

static char *sock_str_flag(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	bzero(str, sizeof(str));
	if (len != sizeof(int))
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "status: %s", (ptr->i_val==0) ? "off" : "on");
	return str;
}

static char *sock_str_int(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	bzero(str, sizeof(str));
	if (len != sizeof(int))
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "val: %d", ptr->l_val);
	return str;
}

static char *sock_str_linger(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	bzero(str, sizeof(str));
	if (len != sizeof(struct linger))
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "l_onoff: %d, l_linger: %d", ptr->linger_val.l_onoff, ptr->linger_val.l_linger);
	return str;
}

static char *sock_str_timeval(union val *ptr, int len)
{
	bzero(str, sizeof(str));
	if (len != sizeof(struct timeval))
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "size (%d) not sizeof(int)", len);
	else
		snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "sec: %ld, usec: %ld", ptr->timeval_val.tv_sec, ptr->timeval_val.tv_usec);
	return str;
}

int main(void)
{
	socklen_t len;
	int fd;
	struct sock_opts *ptr;
	
	for (ptr=sock_opts; ptr->opt_str!=NULL; ptr++)
	{
		printf("%s: ", ptr->opt_str);
		if (ptr->opt_val_str == NULL)
		{
			printf("Undefine.\n");
		}else
		{
			
			switch(ptr->opt_level)
			{
			case SOL_SOCKET:
			case IPPROTO_IP:
			case IPPROTO_TCP:
				fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
				break;
#ifdef IPV6
			case IPPROTO_IPV6
				fd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
				break;
#endif
#ifdef IPPROTO_SCTP
			case IPPROTO_SCTP:
				fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP);
				break;
#endif
			default:
				printf("Can't create fd for level %d\n", ptr->opt_level);
			}
			
			len = sizeof(val);
			if (getsockopt(fd, ptr->opt_level, ptr->opt_name, &val, &len) == -1)
			{
				printf("getsockopt failed.\n");
				exit(1);
			}else
			{
				printf("%s\n", (*ptr->opt_val_str)(&val, len));
			}
			close(fd);
		}
	}
	return 0;
}