学习libuv库,写TCP echo-server
大部分代码都来自libuv源码test目录下echo-server.c文件。
我自己添加了一点代码,通过uv_read_start函数更改read_cb函数
使得第奇数次客户端输入一行文字后,服务端原样返回,
偶数次输入一行文字,服务端将输入的一行文字逆序后返回
结果如下:
cheng@debian:~$ telnet 127.0.0.1 7890
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
helo
helo
helo
oleh
00000111111
00000111111
00000111111
11111100000
---------------------------------------------------------总结的分割线---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
通过echo-server这个程序,可以学习怎么利用libuv,像完成原始socket网络编程那样,
创建socket, bind, listen, accept过程。
只是在异步,非阻塞的方式编程时,需要通过事先为某个事件发生时应该调用的回调
在echo-server程序中,通过uv_listen函数注册连接回调函数
uv_read_start注册读函数
uv_write注册写函数
在头文件uv.h看这三个函数的函数原型,可以很清楚的知道每个参数的意义
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修改过的echo-server.c代码:
- /* Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors. All rights reserved.
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
- * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
- * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
- * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
- * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
- * IN THE SOFTWARE.
- */
- #include <uv.h>
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <assert.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #define ASSERT assert
- #define TEST_PORT 7890
- static void reversed(char *s, int len)
- {
- char c;
- char *end;
- end = s + len - 1;
- while (*end == '\r' || *end == '\n') {
- end--;
- }
- while (end > s) {
- c = *end;
- *end = *s;
- *s = c;
- end--;
- s++;
- }
- }
- typedef struct {
- uv_write_t req;
- uv_buf_t buf;
- } write_req_t;
- #define FATAL(msg) \
- do { \
- fprintf(stderr, \
- "Fatal error in %s on line %d: %s\n", \
- __FILE__, \
- __LINE__, \
- msg); \
- fflush(stderr); \
- abort(); \
- } while (0)
- typedef enum {
- TCP = 0,
- UDP,
- PIPE
- } stream_type;
- static uv_loop_t* loop;
- static int server_closed;
- static stream_type serverType;
- static uv_tcp_t tcpServer;
- static uv_udp_t udpServer;
- static uv_pipe_t pipeServer;
- static uv_handle_t* server;
- static void after_write(uv_write_t* req, int status);
- static void after_read(uv_stream_t*, ssize_t nread, uv_buf_t buf);
- static void on_close(uv_handle_t* peer);
- static void on_server_close(uv_handle_t* handle);
- static void on_connection(uv_stream_t*, int status);
- static uv_buf_t echo_alloc(uv_handle_t* handle, size_t suggested_size);
- static void after_read(uv_stream_t* handle, ssize_t nread, uv_buf_t buf);
- static void after_read_2(uv_stream_t* handle, ssize_t nread, uv_buf_t buf);
- static void after_write(uv_write_t* req, int status) {
- write_req_t* wr;
- uv_err_t err;
- /* Free the read/write buffer and the request */
- wr = (write_req_t*) req;
- free(wr->buf.base);
- free(wr);
- if (status == 0)
- return;
- err = uv_last_error(loop);
- fprintf(stderr, "uv_write error: %s\n", uv_strerror(err));
- if (err.code == UV_ECANCELED)
- return;
- ASSERT(err.code == UV_EPIPE);
- uv_close((uv_handle_t*)req->handle, on_close);
- }
- static void after_shutdown(uv_shutdown_t* req, int status) {
- uv_close((uv_handle_t*)req->handle, on_close);
- free(req);
- }
- static void after_read(uv_stream_t* handle, ssize_t nread, uv_buf_t buf) {
- int i;
- write_req_t *wr;
- uv_shutdown_t* req;
- int r;
- if (nread < 0) {
- /* Error or EOF */
- ASSERT (uv_last_error(loop).code == UV_EOF);
- if (buf.base) {
- free(buf.base);
- }
- req = (uv_shutdown_t*) malloc(sizeof *req);
- uv_shutdown(req, handle, after_shutdown);
- return;
- }
- if (nread == 0) {
- /* Everything OK, but nothing read. */
- free(buf.base);
- return;
- }
- /*
- * Scan for the letter Q which signals that we should quit the server.
- * If we get QS it means close the stream.
- */
- if (!server_closed) {
- for (i = 0; i < nread; i++) {
- if (buf.base[i] == 'Q') {
- if (i + 1 < nread && buf.base[i + 1] == 'S') {
- free(buf.base);
- uv_close((uv_handle_t*)handle, on_close);
- return;
- } else {
- uv_close(server, on_server_close);
- server_closed = 1;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- wr = (write_req_t*) malloc(sizeof *wr);
- wr->buf = uv_buf_init(buf.base, nread);
- if (uv_write(&wr->req, handle, &wr->buf, 1, after_write)) {
- FATAL("uv_write failed");
- }
- r = uv_read_start(handle, echo_alloc, after_read_2);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- }
- static void after_read_2(uv_stream_t* handle, ssize_t nread, uv_buf_t buf) {
- int i;
- write_req_t *wr;
- uv_shutdown_t* req;
- int r;
- if (nread < 0) {
- /* Error or EOF */
- ASSERT (uv_last_error(loop).code == UV_EOF);
- if (buf.base) {
- free(buf.base);
- }
- req = (uv_shutdown_t*) malloc(sizeof *req);
- uv_shutdown(req, handle, after_shutdown);
- return;
- }
- if (nread == 0) {
- /* Everything OK, but nothing read. */
- free(buf.base);
- return;
- }
- /*
- * Scan for the letter Q which signals that we should quit the server.
- * If we get QS it means close the stream.
- */
- if (!server_closed) {
- for (i = 0; i < nread; i++) {
- if (buf.base[i] == 'Q') {
- if (i + 1 < nread && buf.base[i + 1] == 'S') {
- free(buf.base);
- uv_close((uv_handle_t*)handle, on_close);
- return;
- } else {
- uv_close(server, on_server_close);
- server_closed = 1;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- wr = (write_req_t*) malloc(sizeof *wr);
- reversed(buf.base, nread);
- wr->buf = uv_buf_init(buf.base, nread);
- if (uv_write(&wr->req, handle, &wr->buf, 1, after_write)) {
- FATAL("uv_write failed");
- }
- r = uv_read_start(handle, echo_alloc, after_read);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- }
- static void on_close(uv_handle_t* peer) {
- free(peer);
- }
- static uv_buf_t echo_alloc(uv_handle_t* handle, size_t suggested_size) {
- return uv_buf_init(malloc(suggested_size), suggested_size);
- }
- static void on_connection(uv_stream_t* server, int status) {
- uv_stream_t* stream;
- int r;
- if (status != 0) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Connect error %d\n",
- uv_last_error(loop).code);
- }
- ASSERT(status == 0);
- switch (serverType) {
- case TCP:
- stream = malloc(sizeof(uv_tcp_t));
- ASSERT(stream != NULL);
- r = uv_tcp_init(loop, (uv_tcp_t*)stream);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- break;
- case PIPE:
- stream = malloc(sizeof(uv_pipe_t));
- ASSERT(stream != NULL);
- r = uv_pipe_init(loop, (uv_pipe_t*)stream, 0);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- break;
- default:
- ASSERT(0 && "Bad serverType");
- abort();
- }
- /* associate server with stream */
- stream->data = server;
- r = uv_accept(server, stream);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- r = uv_read_start(stream, echo_alloc, after_read);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- }
- static void on_server_close(uv_handle_t* handle) {
- ASSERT(handle == server);
- }
- static void on_send(uv_udp_send_t* req, int status);
- static void on_recv(uv_udp_t* handle,
- ssize_t nread,
- uv_buf_t buf,
- struct sockaddr* addr,
- unsigned flags) {
- uv_udp_send_t* req;
- int r;
- ASSERT(nread > 0);
- ASSERT(addr->sa_family == AF_INET);
- req = malloc(sizeof(*req));
- ASSERT(req != NULL);
- r = uv_udp_send(req, handle, &buf, 1, *(struct sockaddr_in*)addr, on_send);
- ASSERT(r == 0);
- }
- static void on_send(uv_udp_send_t* req, int status) {
- ASSERT(status == 0);
- free(req);
- }
- static int tcp4_echo_start(int port) {
- struct sockaddr_in addr = uv_ip4_addr("0.0.0.0", port);
- int r;
- server = (uv_handle_t*)&tcpServer;
- serverType = TCP;
- r = uv_tcp_init(loop, &tcpServer);
- if (r) {
- /* TODO: Error codes */
- fprintf(stderr, "Socket creation error\n");
- return 1;
- }
- r = uv_tcp_bind(&tcpServer, addr);
- if (r) {
- /* TODO: Error codes */
- fprintf(stderr, "Bind error\n");
- return 1;
- }
- r = uv_listen((uv_stream_t*)&tcpServer, SOMAXCONN, on_connection);
- if (r) {
- /* TODO: Error codes */
- fprintf(stderr, "Listen error %s\n",
- uv_err_name(uv_last_error(loop)));
- return 1;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- int main()
- {
- loop = uv_default_loop();
- if (tcp4_echo_start(TEST_PORT))
- return 1;
- uv_run(loop, UV_RUN_DEFAULT);
- return 0;
- }