Unix timestamp 格式化显示问题

时间戳是自 1970 年 1 月 1 日（00:00:00 GMT）以来的秒数。我们有时候需要将它格式化显示，比如这个Unix timestamp在当前看来，是ｘｘｘｘ年ｘｘ月等。我一般使用strftime来格式化显示我想要样式。下面看一下这个函数的原型

size_t strftime (char* ptr, size_t maxsize, const char* format,  const struct tm* timeptr );

从最后一个参数看出，这个函数的输入只能是struct tm 结构的数据，所以我们需要将Unix timestamp转化成struct tm结构的时间。而转化的时候，我们希望表示的是当前时区的时间，所以我一般是localtime这个函数，我们看一下localtime这个函数的原型

struct tm * localtime (const time_t * timer)

很容易看出，localtime这个函数可以将Unix timestamp转化成struct tm结构的时间。所以直接上代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
int main(int argc ,char** argv)
{
    time_t clock;
    struct tm *tm;
    time ( &clock );
    tm = localtime ( &clock );
    char buff[80]={0};
    strftime(buff,sizeof buff,"%m月%e日,%H时%M分",tm);
    std::cout<<"时间："<<buff<<std::endl;
    return 0;
}

其中strftime可以接受的格式化参数，这里 点击打开链接有一个详细的说明。我在这里转帖一下：

specifier	Replaced by	Example
%a	Abbreviated weekday name *	Thu
%A	Full weekday name *	Thursday
%b	Abbreviated month name *	Aug
%B	Full month name *	August
%c	Date and time representation *	Thu Aug 23 14:55:02 2001
%C	Year divided by 100 and truncated to integer (00-99)	20
%d	Day of the month, zero-padded (01-31)	23
%D	Short MM/DD/YY date, equivalent to %m/%d/%y	08/23/01
%e	Day of the month, space-padded ( 1-31)	23
%F	Short YYYY-MM-DD date, equivalent to %Y-%m-%d	2001-08-23
%g	Week-based year, last two digits (00-99)	01
%G	Week-based year	2001
%h	Abbreviated month name * (same as %b)	Aug
%H	Hour in 24h format (00-23)	14
%I	Hour in 12h format (01-12)	02
%j	Day of the year (001-366)	235
%m	Month as a decimal number (01-12)	08
%M	Minute (00-59)	55
%n	New-line character ('\n')
%p	AM or PM designation	PM
%r	12-hour clock time *	02:55:02 pm
%R	24-hour HH:MM time, equivalent to %H:%M	14:55
%S	Second (00-61)	02
%t	Horizontal-tab character ('\t')
%T	ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM:SS), equivalent to %H:%M:%S	14:55:02
%u	ISO 8601 weekday as number with Monday as 1 (1-7)	4
%U	Week number with the first Sunday as the first day of week one (00-53)	33
%V	ISO 8601 week number (00-53)	34
%w	Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as 0 (0-6)	4
%W	Week number with the first Monday as the first day of week one (00-53)	34
%x	Date representation *	08/23/01
%X	Time representation *	14:55:02
%y	Year, last two digits (00-99)	01
%Y	Year	2001
%z	ISO 8601 offset from UTC in timezone (1 minute=1, 1 hour=100) If timezone cannot be termined, no characters	+100
%Z	Timezone name or abbreviation * If timezone cannot be termined, no characters	CDT
%%	A % sign	%

* The specifiers marked with an asterisk (*) are locale-dependent.
Note: Yellow rows indicate specifiers and sub-specifiers introduced by C99. Since C99, two locale-specific modifiers can also be inserted between the percentage sign ( %) and the specifier proper to request an alternative format, where applicable:

Modifier	Meaning	Applies to
E	Uses the locale's alternative representation	%Ec %EC %Ex %EX %Ey %EY
O	Uses the locale's alternative numeric symbols	%Od %Oe %OH %OI %Om %OM %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy