基于spring 学习英语之 - Spring介绍

Spring教程 - Spring介绍

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Spring is a framework for building Java applications. We can use Spring to build any application in Java, for example, stand-alone, web, or Java Enterprise Edition (JEE) applications).

Spring's philosophy is minimal impact.

Spring is lightweight in the sense that we have to make few, if any, changes to your application code to gain the benefits of the Spring core.

Spring是用于构建Java应用程序的框架。我们可以使用Spring来构建Java中的任何应用程序，例如独立的，Web或Java Enterprise Edition（JEE）应用程序）。

Spring的理念是影响最小。

从某种意义上来说，Spring是轻量级的，我们必须对您的应用程序代码进行很少（如果有的话）更改，以获得Spring核心的好处。

Inverting Control or Injecting Dependencies

The core of the Spring Framework is based on the principle of Inversion of Control (IoC) .

IoC is a technique that externalizes the creation and management of component dependencies .

Spring's Injecting Dependencies implementation is based on two core Java concepts :

• JavaBeans
• interfaces

The benefits of using DI rather than a more traditional approach :

• Reduce glue code
• Simplified application configuration
• Manage common dependencies in a single repository
• Improve testability
• Promote good application design

 

控制反转或依赖注入

Spring框架的核心基于控制反转（IoC）原理。

IoC是一种将组件依赖关系的创建和管理外部化的技术。

Spring的Injecting Dependencies实现基于两个核心Java概念：

* JavaBeans

* 接口

使用DI比起更传统的方法的好处：

* 减少胶水代码

* 简化的应用程序配置

* 在单个存储库中管理常见依赖项

* 提高可测试性

* 促进良好的应用程序设计

Spring Features

Spring 特性

Spring offers many modules, features and functions.

• Aspect-Oriented Programming with Spring. AOP provides the ability to implement crosscutting logic, which applies to many parts of your application, in a single place.
• Spring Expression Language. Expression Language (EL) allows us to manipulate Java objects at runtime.
• Validation in Spring. Spring provides a built-in validation API by way of the Validator interface.
• Accessing Data in Spring. Spring provides integration with a choice selection of these data access tools . In addition, Spring makes plain vanilla JDBC a viable option for many projects, with its simplified wrapper APIs around the standard API. Spring's data access module provides out-of-the-box support for JDBC, Hibernate, JDO, and the JPA.
• Object/XML Mapping in Spring. Spring supports many common Java-to-XML mapping frameworks and, as usual, eliminates the need for directly coupling to any specific implementation.
• Managing Transactions. Spring provides an abstraction layer for transaction management, allowing for programmatic and declarative transaction control.
• Simplifying and Integrating with JEE
• MVC in the Web Tier
• WebSocket Support
• Remoting Support
• Mail Support
• Job Scheduling Support
• Dynamic Scripting Support
• Simplified Exception Handling

Spring提供了许多模块，特性和功能。

* Spring面向切面的编程。AOP提供了在一个地方实现横切逻辑的功能，在一定条件下，该逻辑适用于应用程序的许多部分。

* Spring表达语言。表达式语言（EL）允许我们在运行时操纵Java对象。

* Spring验证。Spring通过Validator接口提供了内置的验证API。

* 在Spring中访问数据。Spring提供了与这些数据访问工具的选择集成。此外，Spring简化了普通JDBC，使其成为许多项目的可行选择，其简化的包装API围绕标准API展开。Spring的数据访问模块为JDBC，Hibernate，JDO和JPA提供了现成的支持。

* Spring中的对象/ XML映射。Spring支持许多常见的Java到XML映射框架，并且像往常一样，消除了直接耦合到任何特定实现的需要。

* 事务管理。Spring为事务管理提供了一个抽象层，允许进行编程和声明式事务控制。

* 对JEE简化和集成

* Web层中的MVC

* WebSocket支持

* 远程支持

* 邮件支持

* 作业调度支持

* 动态脚本支持

* 简化的异常处理

 

Spring Modules

Spring version 4.0.2.RELEASE comes with 20 modules, packaged into 20 JAR files.

The following table describes these JAR files and their corresponding modules.

Spring 模块

Spring版本4.0.2.RELEASE带有20个模块，打包成20个JAR文件。

下表描述了这些JAR文件及其相应的模块。