演示 include(包含)多个配置文件 的使用
Struts 2自带有“包含文件”功能,包含多个Struts配置文件合并为一个单元。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="test" namespace="/emp" extends="struts-default">
<action name="list" class="com.dk.action.EmpListAction">
<result name="success">
/WEB-INF/emp_list.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
<package name="demo2" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default">
<!-- 请求toLogin会自动调用框架底层
默认的Action的execute方法处理,返回"success" -->
<action name="toLogin">
<!-- name属性默认为success
type属性默认为dispatcher -->
<result>
/WEB-INF/login.jsp
</result>
</action>
<!-- login.action请求调用
LoginAction的execute方法 -->
<action name="login" class="com.dk.action.LoginAction">
<result name="success">
/WEB-INF/ok.jsp
</result>
<result name="error">
/WEB-INF/login.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
<!-- name唯一性标识
extends继承框架里的Struts-default包 -->
<package name="demo1" extends="struts-default">
<!-- name请求名;class指定Action组件
method指定Action方法名,默认execute -->
<action name="hello" class="com.dk.action.HelloAction"
method="execute">
<!-- 根据HelloAction.execute返回
的String找到result定义 -->
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/hello.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
在上面的Struts配置文件中,组织所有“用户user”和“雇员emp”配置设置在一个文件中,这不是建议的,必须回避。应该打破这种形式,而将struts.xml文件分成更小的相关模块部分。
在Struts2,应该给每个模块一个Struts配置文件。在struts.xml 设置中,包含 其他配置文件
下面通过案例演示:
演示案例
演示工程目录结构
使用标签需要 jstl
案例功能:
##列表显示
需求:利用Struts2实现员工列表显示功能
/emp/list.action
-->Filter控制器-->(struts.xml)
-->EmpListAction.execute
(在execute方法中构建一个List<Emp>集合返回给JSP)
-->Result(dispatcher)
-->/WEB-INF/emp_list.jsp
(利用JSTL和EL表达式将List<Emp>生成table列表)
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<display-name>struts2-day01</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- Filter主控制器,在struts-core.jar包中 -->
<!-- <filter> <filter-name>strutsfilter</filter-name> 默认只有.action或没有扩展名的请求
才能进入struts.xml,调用Action <filter-class> org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>strutsfilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts/struts.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- <package name="test" namespace="/emp" extends="struts-default">
<action name="list" class="com.dk.action.EmpListAction">
<result name="success">
/WEB-INF/emp_list.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package> -->
<include file="struts/emp-struts.xml"></include><!-- 相对于类路径 -->
<include file="struts/user-struts.xml"></include><!-- 相对于类路径 -->
<!-- name唯一性标识
extends继承框架里的Struts-default包 -->
<package name="demo1" extends="struts-default">
<!-- name请求名;class指定Action组件
method指定Action方法名,默认execute -->
<action name="hello" class="com.dk.action.HelloAction"
method="execute">
<!-- 根据HelloAction.execute返回
的String找到result定义 -->
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/WEB-INF/hello.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
emp-struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="emp" namespace="/emp" extends="struts-default">
<action name="list" class="com.dk.action.EmpListAction">
<result name="success">
/WEB-INF/emp_list.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
user-struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="demo2" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default">
<!-- 请求toLogin会自动调用框架底层
默认的Action的execute方法处理,返回"success" -->
<action name="toLogin">
<!-- name属性默认为success
type属性默认为dispatcher -->
<result>
/WEB-INF/login.jsp
</result>
</action>
<!-- login.action请求调用
LoginAction的execute方法 -->
<action name="login" class="com.dk.action.LoginAction">
<result name="success">
/WEB-INF/ok.jsp
</result>
<result name="error">
/WEB-INF/login.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
EmpListAction.java
package com.dk.action;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.dk.entity.Emp;
import com.dk.entity.User;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class EmpListAction extends ActionSupport{
private User user;
public String execute(){
System.out.println("ACTION...");
List<Emp> empList = new ArrayList<Emp>();
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
Emp e = new Emp();
e.setName("test"+i);
e.setNo(i);
e.setSal(1000.0);
empList.add(e);
}
HttpServletRequest httpRequest = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
httpRequest.setAttribute("empList", empList);
return SUCCESS;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
Emp.java
package com.dk.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Emp implements Serializable{
private Integer no;
private String name;
private Double sal;
public Integer getNo() {
return no;
}
public void setNo(Integer no) {
this.no = no;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Double getSal() {
return sal;
}
public void setSal(Double sal) {
this.sal = sal;
}
}
<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="com.dk.entity.*,java.util.*"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>emp-list</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>OK-${empList[0].name }</h1>
<table>
<tr>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>ID</th>
<th>薪资</th>
</tr>
<!-- JSTL 与 EL -->
<%-- <c:forEach items="${empList }" var="emp">
<tr>
<td>${emp.name }</td>
<td>${emp.no }</td>
<td>${emp.sal }</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach> --%>
<!-- JSP的写法 -->
<%
List<Emp> list = (List<Emp>)request.getAttribute("empList");
for(Emp e:list){
%>
<tr>
<td><%=e.getName() %></td>
<td><%=e.getNo() %></td>
<td><%=e.getSal() %></td>
</tr>
<%
}
%>
</table>
</body>
</html>
加载工程 struts2-day01,启动Tomcat运行程序,最终页面效果: