springmvc的多视图解析

有时候我们需要 两种或者两种以上的视图解析方式，比如jsp,html,json,jstl,ftl等等，显然默认的 springmvc 只配置一种视图解析方式是满足不了我们的，但是放心，springmvc提供了配置多视图解析的方式：

本文使用的是velocity，实现需要引入jar包

pom文件中添加

<!-- velocity测试包 -->

            <dependency>

                    <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>

                    <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>

                    <version>2.5</version>

            </dependency>
            <dependency>

                    <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>

                    <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>

                    <version>3.2</version>

            </dependency>
            <dependency>

                    <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>

                    <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>

                    <version>1.7</version>

            </dependency>

源码：

/*** Eclipse Class Decompiler plugin,copyright (c) 2012 Chao Chen (cnfree2000@hotmail.com) ***/ 

packageorg.springframework.web.servlet.view; 

import java.util.Locale; 

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean; 

public abstract classAbstractUrlBasedView extends AbstractView implements 

        InitializingBean { 

   private String url; 
   protected AbstractUrlBasedView() { 

   } 
   protected AbstractUrlBasedView(String url) { 

        this.url = url; 
   } 
   public void setUrl(String url) { 

        this.url = url; 
   } 
   public String getUrl() { 

        return this.url; 
   } 
   public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { 
        if ((isUrlRequired()) &&(getUrl() == null)) 
            throw newIllegalArgumentException("Property 'url' is required"); 
   } 
   protected boolean isUrlRequired() { 
        return true; 
   } 
   public boolean checkResource(Locale locale) throws Exception{ 
        return true; 
   }
   public String toString() { 
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(super.toString()); 
        sb.append("; URL[").append(getUrl()).append("]"); 
        return sb.toString(); 
   } 
} 

第一步

新建Java类，继承InternalResourceView类，重写checkResource方法

package com.ssm.springmvcpro;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Locale;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView;

@Component
public class VMProperties extendsInternalResourceView{
     publicboolean checkResource(Locale locale){
            Filefile = new File(this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/") +getUrl());
            returnfile.exists();
     }
     /**
      * 报java.lang.IllegalArgumentException:Property 'url' is required错误的时候重写该方法，原类返回true，重写后返回false
      */
     publicboolean isUrlRequired(){
            returnfalse;
     }
}

其中isUrlRequired方法是启动项目报java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Property 'url' is required的时候需要重写的方法（参考https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9933429/creating-a-custom-view-resolver-in-spring-mvc-property-url-is-required）

第二步

在springmvc.xml文件中指定解析器的 viewClass为刚刚写的java类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
    
    <!-- 拦截器 -->
	<mvc:interceptors>
		<bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
		<mvc:interceptor>
			<!--拦截的是controller类requestmapping的地址，不能拦截jsp页面 -->
			<mvc:mapping path="/test/t2"/>
			
			<bean class="com.ssm.interceptor.WelcomeInterceptor">
			</bean>
		</mvc:interceptor>
	</mvc:interceptors>

	<mvc:annotation-driven />

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm">
	</context:component-scan>

	<!-- 内容协商管理器 -->
	<!--1、首先检查路径扩展名（如my.pdf）；2、其次检查Parameter（如my?format=pdf）；3、检查Accept Header -->
	<bean id="contentNegotiationManager"
		class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">
		<!-- 扩展名至mimeType的映射,即 /user.json => application/json -->
		<property name="favorPathExtension" value="true" />
		<!-- 用于开启 /userinfo/123?format=json 的支持 -->
		<property name="favorParameter" value="true" />
		<property name="parameterName" value="format" />
		<!-- 是否忽略Accept Header -->
		<property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="false" />

		<property name="mediaTypes"> <!--扩展名到MIME的映射；favorPathExtension, favorParameter是true时起作用 -->
			<value>
				json=application/json
				xml=application/xml
				html=text/html
			</value>
		</property>
		<!-- 默认的content type -->
		<property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html" />
	</bean>


	<!-- 当在web.xml 中 DispatcherServlet使用 <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 映射时，能映射静态资源 -->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
	
	<!-- 视图渲染 jsp/freemaker/velocity -->
	<bean id="jspResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="order" value="1"></property>
		<!-- 制定页面存放的路径 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
		
		<!-- 文件jsp的后缀-->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置视图的显示 -->  
    <bean id="VMResolver"
    	class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
    	<property name="order" value="0"></property>
    	<property name="viewClass" value ="com.ssm.springmvcpro.VMProperties"></property>
        <property name="cache" value="false" />  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/vm/" /><!-- 视图文件的前缀，即存放的路径 -->  
        <property name="suffix" value=".vm" /><!-- 视图文件的后缀名 -->  
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />  
    </bean>

	
	
	
</beans>

文件的位置需要根据你的项目修改

我的位置为

vm1.xml的内容随便写一点什么

<html>

<body>

<h2>Welcome  $name to Javayou.com!

today is  $date.</h2>

</body>

</html>

第三部

开始测试

我这是在ssm项目中，所以直接在controller中写

package com.ssm.controller;

import java.io.StringWriter;
importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.velocity.Template;
importorg.apache.velocity.VelocityContext;
importorg.apache.velocity.app.Velocity;
importorg.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import com.ssm.entity.Book;
import com.ssm.service.BookService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class GetBookController {
     @Autowired
     BookServicebookService;

     @RequestMapping("/t1")
     @ResponseBody
     publicString getAllBook(){
            List<Book>list = bookService.getAllBooks();
            returnlist.get(0).toString();
     }

     @RequestMapping("/t2")
     publicString reindex(){
            return"welcome";
     }

     @RequestMapping("/t3")
     publicObject reindexToVm(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
            //初始化参数
            Propertiesproperties=new Properties();
            //设置velocity资源加载方式为class
            properties.setProperty("resource.loader","file");
            //设置velocity资源加载方式为file时的处理类
            properties.setProperty(Velocity.FILE_RESOURCE_LOADER_PATH,
                         this.getClass().getResource("/").toString().replaceAll("^file:/","").replaceAll("classes","vm"));
            properties.setProperty(Velocity.ENCODING_DEFAULT,"UTF-8");
            properties.setProperty(Velocity.OUTPUT_ENCODING,"UTF-8");
            //实例化一个VelocityEngine对象
            VelocityEnginevelocityEngine=new VelocityEngine(properties);
            //实例化一个VelocityContext
            VelocityContextcontext=new VelocityContext();
            //向VelocityContext中放入键值
            context.put("name","黄伟");
            context.put("date",new Date().toString());
            //实例化一个StringWriter
            StringWriterwriter=new StringWriter();
            Templatetemplate =velocityEngine.getTemplate("vm1.vm");
            template.merge(context,writer); 
            System.out.println(writer);
            return"vm1";
     }
}

t1是测试spring+mybatis的方法，暂时不看

这里 properties.setProperty的时候注意要把replaceall方法中的vm修改为自己对应的文件夹名字

到这里所有配置就已经完成了，接下来测试访问一下。

http://localhost:8080/SSM/test/t2

http://localhost:8080/SSM/test/t3

额。。。为什么不显示之前配置的名字和日期呢？

偶母鸡