定义一个名为GenericCoin的类表示一枚没有面值也没有名字的硬币。这枚硬币应该有一个顶面与一个底面,并且可以标明哪一面朝上。应该能够抛掷这枚硬币使之随机掉落,或者顶面朝上,或者底面朝上。
a.编写一个程序将两枚硬币各抛掷50次。记录并报告每枚硬币各有多少次顶面朝上,报告那一枚硬币顶面朝上的次数多
b.编写一个程序来玩一个简单的抛硬币游戏。要求用户猜测隐蔽会是顶面还是底面朝上,然后跑硬币,并将结果告诉用户,宣告用户的猜测是否正确,并将结果裂成表格。用户可以持续的玩这个游戏,想玩多久就玩多久。当用户退出时,显示一个游戏总结,包括:抛硬币的次数,顶面朝上的次数,底面朝上的次数,猜测正确的次数,和猜测正确的百分比。并可以应用户要求以图形演示每次抛硬币的结果。
GenericCoin类,非常简单,里面有个方法cast表示抛一次硬币动作,用了java里的随机数和取绝对值操作(防止出现负数),这里用了枚举类表示硬币的正面和反面
package com.crazycoder2010.datastructure.ch01;
import java.util.Random;
public class GenericCoin {
//表示硬币的正面和反面
public static enum FACE{
FONT,BACK;
}
private FACE face;
public FACE getFace() {
return face;
}
public void cast(){
int index = 1;
Random random = new Random();
index = random.nextInt()%2;
this.face = FACE.values()[Math.abs(index)];
}
}
测试称许a-模拟两个硬币一起抛做数据对比
package com.crazycoder2010.datastructure.ch01;
import com.crazycoder2010.datastructure.ch01.GenericCoin.FACE;
public class GenericCoinTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GenericCoin coin1 = new GenericCoin();
int index1 = countFace(coin1,50);
GenericCoin coin2 = new GenericCoin();
int index2 = countFace(coin2,50);
System.out.println("Coin 1:"+index1);
System.out.println("Coin 2:"+index2);
}
private static int countFace(GenericCoin coin,int times){
int total = 0;
for(int i = 0;i < times;i++){
coin.cast();
if(coin.getFace() == FACE.FONT){
total++;
}
}
return total;
}
}
这个称许的输出结果为:
Coin 1:23
Coin 2:21
测试程序b-提供ui界面给用户,这里用的是jframe
package com.crazycoder2010.datastructure.ch01;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.HeadlessException;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;
import com.crazycoder2010.datastructure.ch01.GenericCoin.FACE;
public class GenericCoinTestUI extends JFrame {
private static int index = 0;
private List<Guess> results = new ArrayList<Guess>();// 保存所有猜测结果
private Map<FACE, Integer> actual = new HashMap<FACE, Integer>();//实际硬币展示的数量,key:正面/反面,value:对应的硬币正面或反面出现的次数
private static final long serialVersionUID = 2948063316297165651L;
public GenericCoinTestUI() throws HeadlessException {
super();
setTitle("抛硬币游戏");
setSize(500, 550);
setResizable(false);
this.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
//游戏开始之前反面/正面出现的实际次数都为0
actual.put(FACE.FONT, 0);
actual.put(FACE.BACK, 0);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
StringBuffer message = new StringBuffer("----游戏总结----\n");
message.append("猜测总次数:").append(results.size()).append("\n");
message.append("正面次数:").append(actual.get(FACE.FONT)).append("\n");
message.append("反面次数:").append(actual.get(FACE.BACK)).append("\n");
int success = doSummarySuccess(results);
message.append("猜中次数:").append(success).append("\n");
message.append("猜中百分比:").append(Float.valueOf(success)*100/results.size()).append("%\n");
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, message);
System.exit(0);
}
});
final AbstractTableModel tableModel = new MyTable(this.results);
JTable table = new JTable(tableModel);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
final JComboBox<String> faces = new JComboBox<String>();
faces.addItem("正面");
faces.addItem("反面");
this.getContentPane().add(faces);
JButton throwButton = new JButton("猜猜");
this.getContentPane().add(throwButton);
final JLabel label = new JLabel();
this.getContentPane().add(label);
throwButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
GenericCoin coin = new GenericCoin();
coin.cast();
actual.put(coin.getFace(), actual.get(coin.getFace())+1);
Guess guess = new Guess(++index, FACE.values()[faces
.getSelectedIndex()],
coin.getFace() == FACE.values()[faces
.getSelectedIndex()]);
results.add(guess);
label.setText(guess.isRight()?"猜中了!":"没猜中!");
tableModel.fireTableDataChanged();
}
});
this.getContentPane().add(scrollPane);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new GenericCoinTestUI().setVisible(true);
}
private int doSummarySuccess(List<Guess> guesses){
int total = 0;
for(Guess guess : guesses){
if(guess.isRight()){
total++;
}
}
return total;
}
private static class MyTable extends AbstractTableModel {
private String[] header = { "索引", "猜测", "猜中" };
private List<Guess> guesses;
private MyTable(List<Guess> guesses){
this.guesses = guesses;
}
@Override
public int getRowCount() {
return guesses.size();
}
@Override
public String getColumnName(int column) {
return header[column];
}
@Override
public int getColumnCount() {
return header.length;
}
@Override
public Object getValueAt(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
Guess guess = guesses.get(rowIndex);
if(columnIndex == 0){
return guess.getIndex();
}else if(columnIndex == 1){
return guess.getFace();
}else if(columnIndex == 2){
return guess.isRight();
}
return null;
}
}
private static class Guess {//这个类表示用户的一次猜测行为
private int index;//猜测的索引,第一次猜猜,第二次猜测。。。
private FACE face;//用户猜测的硬币面-正面或反面
private boolean right;//这次猜测活动用户是否猜中
public Guess(int index, FACE face, boolean right) {
this.index = index;
this.face = face;
this.right = right;
}
public int getIndex() {
return index;
}
public FACE getFace() {
return face;
}
public boolean isRight() {
return right;
}
}
}
看一下运行结果界面: