Docker笔记

Docker常用命令

帮助命令

https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/api/

docker version
docker info
docker 命令 --help
​
docker启动       
systemctl start docker
service docker start
重启docker服务
systemctl restart  docker
sudo service docker restart
关闭docker    
systemctl stop docker
service docker stop
查看是否启动成功
docker ps -a

镜像命令

[root@localhost var]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
tomcat        9.0       040bdb29ab37   2 days ago      649MB
hello-world   latest    bf756fb1ae65   12 months ago   13.3kB
## 说明
REPOSITORY  镜像仓库源
TAG 镜像的标签
IMAGE ID 镜像的id
CREATED   镜像的创建时间

docker search 查找镜像

[root@localhost var]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   10380     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3848      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   758                  [OK]
percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   519       [OK]       
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   87     
#带过滤条件的
[root@localhost var]# docker search mysql -f STARS=3000
NAME                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   10380     [OK]       
mariadb              MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3848      [OK]  

下载镜像 docker pull

#docker pull 镜像名[:tag]
 [root@localhost var]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest    #命令不写tag，默认下载最新版的  latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
a076a628af6f: Pull complete    #分层下载，docker image的核心 ，联合文件系统
f6c208f3f991: Pull complete 
88a9455a9165: Pull complete 
406c9b8427c6: Pull complete 
7c88599c0b25: Pull complete 
25b5c6debdaf: Pull complete 
43a5816f1617: Pull complete 
69dd1fbf9190: Pull complete 
5346a60dcee8: Pull complete 
ef28da371fc9: Pull complete 
fd04d935b852: Pull complete 
050c49742ea2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0fd2898dc1c946b34dceaccc3b80d38b1049285c1dab70df7480de62265d6213  #签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest
​
[root@localhost var]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
a076a628af6f: Already exists    #分层下载，已经存在的就不会再次下载
f6c208f3f991: Already exists 
88a9455a9165: Already exists 
406c9b8427c6: Already exists 
7c88599c0b25: Already exists 
25b5c6debdaf: Already exists 
43a5816f1617: Already exists 
7065aaa2655f: Pull complete 
b4bc531db40f: Pull complete 
8c3e9d7c9815: Pull complete 
fadfb9734ed2: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e08834258fcc0efd01df358222333919df53d4a0d9b2a54da05b204b822e3b7b
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7
​
[root@localhost var]# docker images
REPOSITORY    TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
tomcat        9.0       040bdb29ab37   2 days ago      649MB
mysql         5.7       cc8775c0fe94   3 days ago      449MB
mysql         latest    d4c3cafb11d5   3 days ago      545MB
hello-world   latest    bf756fb1ae65   12 months ago   13.3kB

删除镜像 docker rmi

[root@localhost var]# docker rmi -f d4c3cafb11d5
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:0fd2898dc1c946b34dceaccc3b80d38b1049285c1dab70df7480de62265d6213
Deleted: sha256:d4c3cafb11d573699728f9e7de10d1b976089b01298c0360e03f0afd9a1a8b36
Deleted: sha256:3ce5f6a2175f88412c0e8241e9298e721cface0773ea2fd70f1fdaf0e606c7fa
Deleted: sha256:f840f44fb69007f9b78a9bb552882753066b8e4a7835aa8f1be83ba50466e346
Deleted: sha256:d5c65d80478a6f623a715e67e39c4756ce0d4d09348881d1e86b87033322c70c
Deleted: sha256:2a33bb3c3abf34893e689effc0f204c998eb1c8c137050808b9b2725589e3c66
Deleted: sha256:537f09811c9ed9704ccbda6a316f3a2bf346530a296753de6545025b2dfde532
# 删除所有的镜像
[root@localhost var]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) 
#删除 指定的多个镜像
[root@localhost var]# docker rmi -f d4c3cafb11d5 a8s4ojaoi116e

容器命令

说明：有了镜像才能创建容器

下载centos学习

[root@localhost var]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
7a0437f04f83: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest

新建容器并启动

#docker run [可选参数] image
#参数说明
--name='NAME' 容器名称，用来区分创建的容器
-d  后台运行方式
-it 使用交互方式运行，进入容器查看内容
-p  指定容器的端口   -p 8088:8080
    -p 主机ip:端口
    -p 主机端口:容器端口(常用)
    -p 容器端口
​
#测试  启动并进入容器
[root@localhost var]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@bc297469a043 /]# 
# 查看容器内的centos，  基础版本，很多内容不全
[root@bc297469a043 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
#退出命令  退出容器，当前容器会自动停止
[root@bc297469a043 /]# exit
exit
按住 ctrl键加q加p 键 可以退出容器，并保持容器运行

列出所有运行的容器

# docker ps
   #列出正在运行的容器
-a #列出正在运行的容器+历史运行过的容器
-n=? #显示最近创建的？个容器
-q #列出正在运行的容器id
-lq #列出最后运行的容器id
[root@localhost var]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@localhost var]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                            PORTS     NAMES
bc297469a043   centos         "/bin/bash"   3 minutes ago   Exited (127) About a minute ago             vibrant_jemison
92