多线程
11.线程协作
生产者消费者模式
- 解决方式1:管程法
//测试:生产者消费者模型-->利用缓存区解决:管程法
//生产者,消费者,产品,缓存区
public class TestPC {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynContainer container = new SynContainer();
new Productor(container).start();
new Consumer(container).start();
}
}
//生产者
class Productor extends Thread {
SynContainer container;
public Productor(SynContainer container) {
this.container = container;
}
//生产
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
container.push(new Chicken(i));
System.out.println("生产了" + i + "只鸡");
}
}
}
//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread {
SynContainer container;
public Consumer(SynContainer container) {
this.container = container;
}
//消费
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("消费了" + container.pop().id + "只鸡");
container.push(new Chicken(i));
}
}
}
//产品
class Chicken {
int id;//产品编号
public Chicken(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
//缓存区
class SynContainer {
//需要一个容器大小
Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
//容器计算器
int count = 0;
//生产者放入产品
public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken) {
//如果容器满了,就需要等待消费者消费
if (count == chickens.length) {
//通知消费者消费,生产等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//如果没有满,我们就需要丢入产品
chickens[count] = chicken;
count++;
//可以通知消费者消费了
this.notifyAll();
}
//消费者消费产品
public synchronized Chicken pop() {
//判断能否消费
if (count == 0) {
//等待生产者生产,消费者等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//如果可以消费
count--;
Chicken chicken = chickens[count];
//吃完了,通知生产者生产
this.notifyAll();
return chicken;
}
}
- 解决方式2:信号灯法
//测试生产者消费者问题2;信号灯法,标志位解决
public class TestPC2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TV tv=new TV();
new Player(tv).start();
new Watcher(tv).start();
}
}
//生产者-->演员
class Player extends Thread {
TV tv;
public Player(TV tv){
this.tv=tv;
}
@Override
public void run(){
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
if (i%2==0){
this.tv.play("快乐大本营播放中");
}else {
this.tv.play("抖音:记录美好生活");
}
}
}
}
//消费者-->观众
class Watcher extends Thread {
TV tv;
public Watcher(TV tv){
this.tv=tv;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
tv.watch();
}
}
}
//产品-->节目
class TV {
//演员表演,观众等待T
//观众观看,演员等待F
String voice;//表演的节目
boolean flag = true;
//表演
public synchronized void play(String voice) {
if (flag) {
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("演员表演了:" + voice);
//通知观众观看
this.notifyAll();//通知唤醒
this.voice = voice;
this.flag = !this.flag;
}
//观看
public synchronized void watch() {
if (flag) {
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("观看了:" + voice);
//通知演员表演
this.notifyAll();//通知
this.flag = !this.flag;
}
}
12.线程池
** 使用线程池好处:**
- 提高响应速度(减少了创建新线程池的时间)
- 降低资源消耗(重复利用线程池中线程,不需要每次都创建)
- 便于线程管理
线程池相关API: ExecutorService和Executors
- ExecutorService:真正的线程池接口。常见子类ThreadPoolExecutors
- void execute(Runnable command):执行任务/命令,没有返回值,一般用来执行Runnable
- Future submit(Callable task):执行任务,有返回值,一般用来执行Callable
- void shudown():关闭连接池
- Executors :工具类、线程池的工厂类,用于创建并返回不同类型的线程池
//测试线程池
public class TestPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建服务,创建线程池
//newFixedThreadPool:参数为线程池大小
ExecutorService service= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
service.execute(new MyThread())
//执行
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
//2.关闭连接
service.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThread implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
总结
//回顾总结线程的创建
public class ThreadNew {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyThread1().start();
new Thread(new MyThread2()).start();
FutureTask<Integer> futureTask=new FutureTask<Integer>(new MyThread3());
new Thread(futureTask).start();
try {
Integer integer = futureTask.get();
System.out.println(integer);
}catch (InterruptedException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (ExecutionException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//1.继承Thread类
class MyThread1 extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(" MyThread1");
}
}
//2.实现Runnable接口
class MyThread2 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(" MyThread2");
}
}
//3.实现Callable接口
class MyThread3 implements Callable{
@Override
public Integer call() throws Exception {
System.out.println(" MyThread3");
return 100;
}
}