第一个shell脚本
- 新建一个first.sh文件
#!/bin/bash
echo "Change a new page in 1996:Pepsi."
echo "The moon is getting round,and things will get better."
echo "Date: 2021/4/10 10:45"
echo "Address: Baskerball Court"
- 顺手记录一下wyw小盆友给我的治愈.
#!/bin/bash 是一个约定的标记,它告诉系统这个脚本需要什么解释器来执行,即使用哪一种 Shell
编辑好后 需要给脚本赋予权限才能执行
- 这个我赋予了最高的权限 别问为什么!
变量
#!/bin/bash
things="Change a new page in 1996:Pepsi."
sentence="The moon is getting round,and things will get better."
Address="Address: Baskerball Court"
echo $things
echo $sentence
echo "${Address}
Date: 2021-4-10 10:45"
readonly cola
cola="Yuwei Wang"
echo $cola # 只读变量 运行时候会提示 运行的时候 你们看不见 我自己看见就好啦!
${}花括号是分隔符号 可用可不用
readonly 命令可以将变量定义为只读变量,只读变量的值不能被改变
运行会报错:./first.sh:行10: cola:只读变量
unset 可以删除变量 这里我不想用 不想用!
获取数组长度
#!/bin/bash
array_name=(1 2 3 4 5 6 7)
echo " 0: ${array_name[0]}"
echo " all: ${array_name[*]}"
length=${#array_name[*]}
echo "length: $length"
array_num=('chenyuhang')
lengthn=${#array_num[0]} # 10
echo $lengthn
- 数组用空格分隔
- 获取数组长度${array_name[*]}
- 获取数组中单个元素的长度${#array_num[0]}
传递参数
echo "shell:"
echo "filename:$0";
echo "parameter1:$1"; # cc66
echo "parameter2:$2"; # basketball
echo "parameter3:$3"; # 3times
echo "parameter4:$4"; # cherish
echo "parameter5:$5"; # cola
echo "parameter numbers:$#";
echo "ID: $$";
# "@" 等价于 "1" "2" "3"
echo "$@";
for i in "$@";do
echo $i;
done
# 以一个单字符串显示所有向脚本传递的参数 "*" 等价于 "1 2 3"
echo "$*";
for i in "$*";do
echo $i;
done
- 运行结果:
运算符
- bash 不支持简单的数学运算,但是可以通过其他命令来实现,例如 awk 和 expr,expr 最常用
- 乘号(*)前边必须加反斜杠()才能实现乘法运算
- 必须处理好格式 空格!
#!/bin/bash
a=10
b=20
val=`expr $a + $b`
echo "a + b : $val"
val=`expr $a - $b`
echo "a - b : $val"
val=`expr $a \* $b`
echo "a * b : $val"
val=`expr $b / $a`
echo "b / a : $val"
val=`expr $b % $a`
echo "b % a : $val"
if [ $a == $b ]
then
echo "a==b"
fi
if [ $a != $b ]
then
echo "a!=b"
fi
- 运行结果
- 主要学一下文件测试运算符
#!/bin/bash
file="./first.sh"
if [ -r $file ]
then
echo "文件可读"
else
echo "文件不可读"
fi
if [ -w $file ]
then
echo "文件可写"
else
echo "文件不可写"
fi
if [ -x $file ]
then
echo "文件可执行"
else
echo "文件不可执行"
fi
if [ -f $file ]
then
echo "文件为普通文件"
else
echo "文件为特殊文件"
fi
if [ -d $file ]
then
echo "文件是个目录"
else
echo "文件不是个目录"
fi
if [ -s $file ]
then
echo "文件不为空"
else
echo "文件为空"
fi
if [ -e $file ]
then
echo "文件存在"
else
echo "文件不存在"
fi
- 运行结果
- 将内容定向写入文件
- >是写入文件 重新写入 以前有的内容清空
- >>是追加写入 在文件文末写入
#!/bin/bash
echo "shell:"
echo "filename:$0";
echo "parameter1:$1" > test.txt; # cc66
echo "parameter2:$2" >> test.txt; # basketball
echo "parameter3:$3" >> test.txt; # 3times
echo "parameter4:$4" >> test.txt; # cherish
echo "parameter5:$5" >> test.txt; # cola
echo "It's right to cherish all beautiful thinsg" >> test.txt;
echo "date:2021-4-10 22:45" >> test.txt;
echo `date` #显示命令执行的结果
流程控制
#!/bin/bash
# if
a=0825
b=0617
echo "if:"
if [ $a != $b ]
then
echo " I love three things in the world, the sun, the moon and you. The sun for the day. The moon for the night and you forever."
fi
# 写成一行(适用于终端命令提示符):
if [ $a != $b ];then echo " I love you three thousand";fi;
# for
echo -e "\nfor:";
for item in 1 2 3 4 5
do
echo " The value is:$item "
done
echo -e "\n";
for str in I love you three thousand
do
echo $str;
done
# while
echo -e "\nwhile:";
int=1;
while($int <= 5 )
do
echo $int
$int = `expr $int + 1`
done
- while循环可用于读取键盘信息
#!/bin/bash
echo 'exit:<CTRL-D>';
echo -n "Please input your website:";
while read website
do
echo "YES! $website is a good website!"
done
- 代码执行
- case控制流
#!/bin/bash
echo "Please input a number from 1 to 4:";
read num;
case $num in
1) echo "your num is 1"
;;
2) echo "your num is 2"
;;
3) echo "your num is 3"
;;
4) echo "your num is 4"
;;
esac
每个模式要用)结束 其间所有命令开始执行直至 ;
函数
#!/bin/bash
loveboy(){
echo "Good things come to those who wait.some of us just have to wait longer than others.";
echo "We should be patient!";
while :
do
echo -n "Please input a num from 1 to 3:";
read num
case $num in
1) echo "如果我爱你,而你也正巧爱我。你头发乱了时候,我会笑笑地替你拨一拨,然后,手还留恋地在你发上多待几秒"
;;
2) echo "如果我爱你,而你不巧地不爱我。你头发乱了,我只会轻轻地告诉你,你头发乱了喔"
;;
3) echo "怎么会有你这种傻子呢,被拒绝,被删还是在默默关注我呢。在我最难过的日子里,又突然出现在我的生活呢?"
;;
*) echo "这次想和爱我的人在一起 看夕阳 看日落 看天上繁星点点 去山顶 去海边 去古城。"
break
;;
esac
done
}
echo "start function!";
loveboy;
echo "funciont over!";
重定向
!/bin/bash
echo '好好努力 好好爱人' > 1.txt;
echo `date` >> 1.txt;
echo -e '\n';
echo `who` >> 1.txt;
echo -e '\n';
head 1.txt
- 运行实例
- 谢谢王雨薇小傻子,预谋良久的出现在我的生活,成为那束光!
不然的话 学习的shell的时间可能又要无限期的推迟了吧!