框架简单理解:
根据自己理解画了个图:
- 客户端发送请求给控制器DispatcherServlet
- DispatcherServlet去映射处理器HandlerMapping找相应的handler
- HandlerMapping返回Handler给处理器
- 控制器把Handler发给适配器HandlerAdapter,找到相匹配的相应Controller类型
- 调用具体方法处理Handler
- 返回一个制定的ModelAndView
- 返回ModelAndView
- 视图解析器返处理好返回给客户端
具体实例流程:
- 配置web.xml,配置相对应的servlet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMvc</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc2</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 默认springmvc.xml在web-inf下 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc2</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
配置springmvc文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置Handler,name作为映射器查找的url -->
<bean name="/hello.do" class="controller.HelloController" />
<!-- 配置处理器映射器
将bean的name作为url进行查找,需要在配置Handler时指定bean name(就是url)-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping" />
<!-- 配置处理器适配器,所有适配器都得实现 HandlerAdapter接口 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter" />
<!-- 配置视图解析器
进行jsp解析,默认使用jstl标签,classpath下得有jstl的包-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >
</bean>
</beans>
- 实现 Controller ,创建HelloController.java
package controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
public class HelloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
ModelAndView modelView = new ModelAndView();
System.out.println("Hello,mvc");
//类似于 request.setAttribute()
modelView.addObject("name","张三");//使用addObject()设置需要返回的值,将张三设置到一个name属性
modelView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/View/index.jsp");//setViewName()方法跳转到指定的页面 ,
return modelView;
}
}
视图页面index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
hello:${name}
</body>
</html>