一、单独备份
1、经典整库备份:backup as compressed backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog delete all input;
2、tablespace:backup tablespace 名字;
3、数据文件:backup datafile n; (n:具体的数据文件编号select file_name,file_id,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;)
4、控制文件:backup current controlfile;或者backup database include current controlfile;
5、日志文件:backup archivelog all;或者 database plus archivelog;
6、参数文件:backup spfile;
二,备份实战
备份策略
1,小型库一般都是每周做一次全备,周天晚上12点。
2,
每半年6月1号晚上0点做一个数据库的全备份(包括所有的数据和只读表空间)
每一个月1号晚上0点做一次零级备份(不包含只读表空间)
每个星期三晚上0点做一次一级备份
每天晚上0点做一次二级备份
备份前准备,查看环境。
RMAN> show all;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TEST are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BZIP2'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/TEST/db/tech_st/11.1.0/dbs/snapcf_TEST.f'; # default
1,小型库全备:
[
oracle@hand ~]$ mkdir orazabbix_rman
[ oracle@hand ~]$ cd orazabbix_rman/
[ oracle@hand orazabbix_rman]$ mkdir scripts
[ oracle@hand ~]$ cd orazabbix_rman/
[ oracle@hand orazabbix_rman]$ mkdir scripts
在/home/oracle/orazabbix_rman/scripts下创建如下脚本(注意这里orazabbix_rman命名规范)
脚本命名为
backup.rcv
run {
# Hot database level 0 whole backup
allocate channel t1 type disk;
backup
incremental level 0
skip inaccessible
format '/orabak/orazabbix_rman/backupfiles/lev0/back_%s_%p_%T_%d'
#AS COMPRESSED backupset
database plus archivelog
format '/orabak/orazabbix_rman/backupfiles/lev0/arclogback_%s_%p_%t_%d'
delete input;
delete obsolete;
release CHANNEL t1 ;
}
这里阐述0级增加备份和全备份的区别,level 0级的就是一个full backup。