centos7 安装 python3.7.8及pip3

废话不多说，直接上代码：

1、首先查看python版本

whereis python

2、说明一下，linux中，基本上的软件后者软链接（类似windows下的快捷方式）都在/usr/bin/目录中。现在我们切换到该目录中查看python应用或者软链接对应的应用

cd /usr/bin/

ll python*

如果查看没有python3的相关内容则说明该centos7未安装python3

接下来我们进行安装python所需的依赖环境

yum install -y zlib zlib-devel libaio net-tools bzip2-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel python3-devel tk-devel gcc cmake gcc-c++ make libffi-devel mesa-libGL.x86_64 wget git

3、下载python3.7.8的源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.8/Python-3.7.8.tar.xz

4、编译解压

tar -xxf Python-3.7.8.tar.xz

5、手动编译python3

cd Python-3.7.8

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python378 --enable-shared

make && make install

6、添加软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python378/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python378

将依赖文件移动到/usr/lib64下，否则python运行不起来

cp /home/Python-3.7.8/libpython3.7m.so.1.0 /usr/lib64/libpython3.7m.so.1.0

7、测试安装

python378 -V

8、安装python3的pip（如果包不完整的情况下可能需要安装，否则在python的安装目录bin下面有pip的）

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

9、使用python3安装（如果存在可以忽略此步骤）

python378 get-pip.py

10、添加pip3的软链接到/usr/bin/ （如果存在可以忽略此步骤）

ln -s /usr/local/python378/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip378

11、测试pip

pip378 -V

12、python安装虚拟环境 virtualenv

pip378 install -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com virtualenv

pip378 install -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com virtualenvwrapper

13、创建一个虚拟环境(虚拟环境名称是test)

virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python378 test

14、进入虚拟环境命令(source 到刚刚创建的环境目录下的bin/activate)

source test/bin/activate

 15、退出虚拟环境

deactivate

ok,至此已经全部完成安装，可以尽情使用啦，出此教程只为自己记录，能够给大家提供帮助也最好。

特别感谢：

python3安装教程参照
centos7安装python3保姆教程_还卿一钵无情泪的博客-CSDN博客_centos7安装pythonhttps://blog.csdn.net/weixin_48185819/article/details/122586200

pip3安装教程参照 

Centos7系统python3及pip安装 - Mr.小柒 - 博客园https://www.cnblogs.com/cfy930721/p/14971635.html

附加一个 阿里云源：更换地址在/etc/yum.repos.d文件加下：

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
 
[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-$releasever - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official


[AppStream]
name=CentOS-$releasever - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
#failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official