Linux 从入门到放弃

Linux常用命令总结

***.deb 软件的安装，卸载

dpkg -i path/FILE_NAME.deb					// 安装
dpkg -l | grep FILE_NAME					// 过滤已经安装的软件信息
dpkg apt-get remove --purge FILE			// 卸载软件，依赖于上面过滤出的软件信息，一般无法根据安装包的名称进行卸载

文件管理

cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...				// Concatenate ( FILE(s) to standard ouput. 
chmod [OPTION]... MODE[.MODE]... FILE...// Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
mv [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST			// Rename SOURCE to DEST
mv [OPTION]... SORUCE... DIRECTORY		// move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY
rm [OPTION]... [FILE]...				// remove files or directories
touch [OPTION]... [FILE]...				// change file timestamps
cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST			// Copy SOURCE to DEST
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY		// Copy multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY

文档编辑

grep [OPTION...] PATTERNS [FILE...]			// searches for PATTERNS in each FILE, and grep prints each line that matches a pattern.
look [-bdf] [-t termchar] string [file ...]	//The look utility displays any lines in file which contain string as a prefix.
sed [OPTION]... {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]...// stream editor for filtering and transforming text.
sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...					// write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output.
sort [OPTION]... --files0-from=F			// with no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

文件传输

ftp [-46pinegvd] [host [port]]				// Ftp is the user interface to the Internet standard File Transfer Protocol. The program allows a user to transfer files to and from a remote network site.

磁盘管理

cd [dir]						// Change the shell working directory.
mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...	// Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.
pwd [-LP]						// Print the name of the current working directory.
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...		// list directory contents

磁盘维护

cfdisk [options] [device]		// display a manipulate a disk partition table

网络通讯

ifconfig		// configure a network interface, if a single -a argument is given, it displays the status of all interfaces, even those that are down.
netstat			// Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, etc.
ping			// send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts

系统管理

date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]	// Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.
kill [OPTIONS] <pid> [...]	// send a signal to a process, the default signal for kill is term.
ps [OPTIONS]				// report a snapshot of the current processes.
top							// display Linux processes
who							// show who is logged on

系统设置

clear		// clear the terminal screen

备份压缩

gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...	// Compress or uncompress FILEs
tar [OPTION...] [FILE]...	// GNU 'tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can restore individual files from the archive.
zip							// package and compress (archive) files
unzip						// test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

设备管理

setled 						// set the keyboard leds

实例

# 显示网络设备信息
ifconfig
# 启动关闭指定网卡
if config eth0 down
if config eth0 up
# 为网卡配置和删除IPv6地址
ifconfig th0 add 33fe:3240:800:1005::2/ 64
ifconfig th0 del 33fe:3240:800:1005::2/ 64
#给eth0网卡配置IP地址，加上子掩码，加上广播地址
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.56 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255

# 显示详细的网络状况
netstat -a
# 显示当前户籍UDP连接状况
netstat -nu
# 显示当前户籍UDP连接状况
netstat -apu
# 显示网卡列表
netstat -i
# 显示网络统计信息
netstat -s

# 检测是否与主机联通
ping www.baidu.com

# 显示进程信息
top
# 显示指定的进程信息
top -p 139

Note