1.HTTP的头部格式
例子:
头部字段名有很多种。
2.代码:
从DNS中用域名获得ip
char* Get_Addr(char* hostname) {
struct hostent *addr = gethostbyname(hostname);
if (addr) {
return inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr*)*addr->h_addr_list);
}
return NULL;
}
addr->h_addr_list为一个char**类型,加*并转化为(struct in_addr*),变成无符号int的指针,然后取值。
建立套接字
int Create_Socket(char* ip) {
int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
struct sockaddr_in saddr = { 0 };
saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
saddr.sin_port = htons(HTTP_PORT);
saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&saddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))!=0) {
return -1;
}
fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
return sockfd;
}
SOCK_STREAM表示使用Tcp的数据流。
inet_addr把获得的点分十进制进制ip转化为二进制ip,htons作用把10进制转化为2进制。
fcntl把套接字变成无堵塞,即如果没有数据直接关闭
char* Connect_HTTP(char* hostname, char* resource) {
char* addr = Get_Addr(hostname);
int sockfd = Create_Socket(addr);
char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH] = { 0 };
sprintf(buffer,
"GET %s %s\r\nHost:%s\r\n%s\r\n\r\n", resource, HTTP_VERSION, hostname, HTTP_CONNECT_TYPE);
send(sockfd, buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, 0);
fd_set fs;
FD_ZERO(&fs);
FD_SET(sockfd, &fs);
struct timeval tv;
tv.tv_sec = 5;
tv.tv_usec = 0;
char* result = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
memset(result, 0, sizeof(char));
while (1) {
int ret = select(sockfd+1, &fs, NULL, NULL, &tv);
if (ret <= 0 || !FD_ISSET(sockfd, &fs))break;
memset(buffer, 0, BUFFER_LENGTH);
int length = recv(sockfd, buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, 0);
if (length <= 0)break;
result = (char*)realloc(result, (strlen(result) + length+1) * sizeof(char));
strncat(result, buffer, length);
}
return result;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
if (argc < 3) return -1;
char* response = Connect_HTTP(argv[1], argv[2]);
printf("response : %s\n", response);
free(response);
}
sprintf把字符串输入到buffer,格式参考HTTP头部,头部字符名首字符必须大写!
fd_set用来和select以及FD_ISSET配合,查找所有是可读的数据。
select参数为sockfd+1,可读标识符,可写标识符,错误标识符,间隔时间。
strncat用来拼接