基于python的gensim word2vec训练词向量

准备工作

当我们下载了anaconda后，可以在命令窗口通过命令

conda install gensim

安装gensim

gensim介绍

gensim是一款强大的自然语言处理工具，里面包括N多常见模型，我们体验一下：

interfaces – Core gensim interfaces
utils – Various utility functions
matutils – Math utils
corpora.bleicorpus – Corpus in Blei’s LDA-C format
corpora.dictionary – Construct word<->id mappings
corpora.hashdictionary – Construct word<->id mappings
corpora.lowcorpus – Corpus in List-of-Words format
corpora.mmcorpus – Corpus in Matrix Market format
corpora.svmlightcorpus – Corpus in SVMlight format
corpora.wikicorpus – Corpus from a Wikipedia dump
corpora.textcorpus – Building corpora with dictionaries
corpora.ucicorpus – Corpus in UCI bag-of-words format
corpora.indexedcorpus – Random access to corpus documents
models.ldamodel – Latent Dirichlet Allocation
models.ldamulticore – parallelized Latent Dirichlet Allocation
models.ldamallet – Latent Dirichlet Allocation via Mallet
models.lsimodel – Latent Semantic Indexing
models.tfidfmodel – TF-IDF model
models.rpmodel – Random Projections
models.hdpmodel – Hierarchical Dirichlet Process
models.logentropy_model – LogEntropy model
models.lsi_dispatcher – Dispatcher for distributed LSI
models.lsi_worker – Worker for distributed LSI
models.lda_dispatcher – Dispatcher for distributed LDA
models.lda_worker – Worker for distributed LDA
models.word2vec – Deep learning with word2vec
models.doc2vec – Deep learning with paragraph2vec
models.dtmmodel – Dynamic Topic Models (DTM) and Dynamic Influence Models (DIM)
models.phrases – Phrase (collocation) detection
similarities.docsim – Document similarity queries
How It Works
simserver – Document similarity server

我们可以看到：
- 基本的语料处理工具
- LSI
- LDA
- HDP
- DTM
- DIM
- TF-IDF
- word2vec、paragraph2vec

以后用上其他模型的时候再介绍，今天我们来体验：

word2vec

#encoding=utf-8
from gensim.models import word2vec
sentences=word2vec.Text8Corpus(u'分词后的爽肤水评论.txt')
model=word2vec.Word2Vec(sentences, size=50)

y2=model.similarity(u"好", u"还行")
print(y2)

for i in model.most_similar(u"滋润"):
    print i[0],i[1]

txt文件是已经分好词的5W条评论，训练模型只需一句话：

model=word2vec.Word2Vec(sentences,min_count=5,size=50)

第一个参数是训练语料，第二个参数是小于该数的单词会被剔除，默认值为5,
第三个参数是神经网络的隐藏层单元数，默认为100

model.similarity(u"好", u"还行")#计算两个词之间的余弦距离

model.most_similar(u"滋润")#计算余弦距离最接近“滋润”的10个词

运行结果：

0.642981583608
保湿 0.995047152042
温和 0.985100984573
高 0.978088200092
舒服 0.969187200069
补水 0.967649161816
清爽 0.960570812225
水水 0.958645284176
一般 0.928643763065
一款 0.911774456501
真的 0.90943980217

效果不错吧，虽然只有5W条评论的语料

当然还可以存储和加载咱们辛辛苦苦训练好的模型：

model.save('/model/word2vec_model')

new_model=gensim.models.Word2Vec.load('/model/word2vec_model')

也可以获取每个词的词向量