用Python封装接口测试实例

Python接口测试

做过很多项目，后来发现，还是测试工作最重要，因为很多功能的实现和设计，你没办法验证是否合理和满足业务需求，如果你不做严格的测试，直接开发，那么等做完了整个项目后才发现现有设计不满足业务场景，再改再翻工，可就费事了。这是我之前写的用来测试http接口的python脚本，测试接口的工具有很多，比如Jmeter,Postman等等，但作为一个码农，还是觉得自己写脚本测比较方便，尤其是接口的各种参数配置及加密什么，编写脚本程序来测，简直不要太爽。

脚本功能概述

这个测试脚本是用Python写的，包含了接口AES、MD5、base64等参数加密方法，以及token协议头生成等功能，基本还是覆盖比较全面的，尤其aes加密，这块儿要和java及.Net写的接口通用，比较难，不过我还是试出来了，其他的诸如get，post等方式调用，还是比较常规和简单的。

源代码下载

https://github.com/Dahlin/HTTPInterfaceTest

脚本及注释

由于脚很还是蛮简单的，基本注释都有，所以就不再重复解释啦

import time
from urllib.parse import urljoin, urlencode
import hashlib
import base64
import uuid
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto.SelfTest.st_common import b2a_hex
import requests
# pip install pycryptodome
# http://cn.python-requests.org/zh_CN/latest/


class HTTPInterfaceTest:
    """
    http 接口测试类
    """
    publickey = ''
    key = ''
    usernames = []
    param = ''

    def __init__(self, publickey, key, usernames, param,  url, timeout=1000):
        self.publickey = publickey
        self.key = key
        self.usernames = usernames
        self.param = param
        self.__base_url = url
        self.__timeout = timeout

    @staticmethod
    def get_timestr():
        """
        获取固定格式的时间戳
        :return:
        """
        now = int(time.time())
        timestr = time.localtime(now)
        return time.strftime("%H%M%S", timestr)

    @classmethod
    def pad(cls, text):
        """
        计算aes加密填充位数
        :param text:
        :return:
        """
        icount = 16 - (len(text) % 16)
        while len(text) % 16 != 0:
            text += chr(icount)
        return str.encode(text, encoding='utf-8')

    def __get_aes_token(self):
        """
        用aes方式组织token
        :param key: 私钥
        :return:
        """
        date = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
        aes = AES.new(self.pad(self.key), AES.MODE_ECB)
        signature = str(b2a_hex(aes.encrypt(self.pad(date))), encoding='utf-8').upper()
        return signature

    def __get_header(self):
        # 定义requests的请求头
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0',
            'Token': self.__get_aes_token(),
            'Connection': 'close',
        }
        return headers

    def __get_md5_token(self):
        """
        用md5方式组织token
        :return:
        """
        token_before = self.publickey+time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
        token_after = hashlib.md5(token_before.encode(encoding='utf-8')).hexdigest()
        return token_after

    def __get_base64_token(self):
        """
        用base64方式组织token
        :return:
        """
        token_before = self.publickey+time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
        token_after = str(base64.b64encode(token_before.encode(encoding='utf-8')), encoding='utf-8')
        return token_after

    def exec_request(self, stype, child_url, headers, params):
        """
        执行调取接口
        :param stype:
        :param child_url:
        :param headers:
        :param params:
        :return:
        """
        query_url = urljoin(self.__base_url, child_url)
        print(query_url)
        if headers == "":
            headers = {
                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0',
            }
        if stype == 'post':
            response = requests.post(query_url, headers=headers, data=params, timeout=self.__timeout)
        elif stype == 'get':
            response = requests.get(query_url, headers=headers, params=params, timeout=self.__timeout)
        else:
            response = requests.get(query_url, headers=headers, json=params, timeout=self.__timeout)
        return response

    def test_http(self, pytpe='text'):
        """
        post调取http接口
        :return:
        """
        headers = self.__get_header()
        data = {
            "public_key": self.publickey,
            "usernames": self.usernames,
            "param": self.param
        }
        response = self.exec_request(stype='post', child_url='post', headers=headers, params=data)
        # response = self.exec_request(stype='get', child_url='get', headers=headers, params=data)
        if pytpe == 'text':
            print(response.text)
        else:
            print(response.json())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    base_url = 'http://192.168.127.131/'
    public_key = '123456789'
    key = 'A123B456C789D123'
    usernames = ['Jike', 'Jone', 'Ada']
    param = uuid.uuid1()
    ti = HTTPInterfaceTest(publickey=public_key,
                       key=key,
                       usernames=usernames,
                       param=param,
                       url=base_url)
    ti.test_http()