安卓6.0权限申请

DarkFallYou

已于 2024-01-19 15:43:28 修改

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分类专栏：权限文章标签：权限

于 2019-08-22 14:01:37 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/DarkfallYou/article/details/100010670

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1.原生申请权限案例：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AlertDialog dialog;
    public static int PERMISSION_REQUEST = 1024;
    public static int SETTING_REQUEST = 30;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            checkAndRequestPermission();
        }
    }

    private void initAppData() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "initData", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
    private void checkAndRequestPermission() {
        List<String> lackedPermission = new ArrayList<>();

        if (!(checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
            lackedPermission.add(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE);
        }

        if (!(checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
            lackedPermission.add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        }

        if (!(checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)) {
            lackedPermission.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
        }

        // 权限都已经有了，那么直接调用SDK
        if (lackedPermission.size() == 0) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            // 请求所缺少的权限，在onRequestPermissionsResult中再看是否获得权限，如果获得权限就可以调用SDK，否则不要调用SDK。
            String[] requestPermissions = new String[lackedPermission.size()];
            lackedPermission.toArray(requestPermissions);
            requestPermissions(requestPermissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST) {
            if (hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
                initAppData();
            } else {
                // 如果用户没有授权，那么应该说明意图，引导用户去设置里面授权。
                showPermission();
            }
        }
    }

    private boolean hasAllPermissionsGranted(int[] grantResults) {
        for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
            if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    private void showPermission() {
        if (dialog == null || !dialog.isShowing()) {
            dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this, R.style.Theme_AppCompat_Light_Dialog).setTitle("权限申请")
                    .setMessage("请在设置—应用—" + getString(R.string.app_name) + "—权限中开启相应权限").setCancelable(false)
                    .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            finish();
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("去设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            startAppSetting();
                        }
                    }).show();
        }
    }

    private void startAppSetting() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
        intent.setData(uri);
        if (isIntentAvailable(this, intent)) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, SETTING_REQUEST);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "请去设置开启权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private static boolean isIntentAvailable(Context context, Intent intent) {
        return intent != null && context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY).size() > 0;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == SETTING_REQUEST) {
            checkAndRequestPermission();
        }
    }
}

2.使用第三方库

implementation 'com.yanzhenjie:permission:1.1.2'

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AlertDialog dialog;
    public static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST = 1024;
    public static final int SETTING_REQUEST = 30;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            requestPermission();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 请求权限
     */
    private void requestPermission() {
        // 如果你不想申请权限组，仅仅想申请某几个权限：
        AndPermission.with(this)
                .requestCode(PERMISSION_REQUEST)
                .permission(
                        Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                .callback(this)
                .start();
    }

    // 成功回调的方法，用注解即可，这里的300就是请求时的requestCode。
    @PermissionYes(PERMISSION_REQUEST)
    private void getPermissionYes(List<String> grantedPermissions) {
        if (AndPermission.hasPermission(MainActivity.this,
                Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            showPermission();
        }
    }

    @PermissionNo(PERMISSION_REQUEST)
    private void getPermissionNo(List<String> deniedPermissions) {
        if (AndPermission.hasPermission(MainActivity.this,
                Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            showPermission();
        }
    }

    private void showPermission() {
        if (dialog == null || !dialog.isShowing()) {
            dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this, R.style.Theme_AppCompat_Light_Dialog)
                    .setTitle(" 请允许打开您的权限")
                    .setMessage("因某某某需要相关权限，请允许打开相关权限，我们会保证您的数据安全")
                    .setCancelable(false)
                    .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            finish();
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("打开权限", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            startAppSetting();
                        }
                    }).show();
        }
    }

    private void startAppSetting() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
        intent.setData(uri);
        if (isIntentAvailable(this, intent)) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, SETTING_REQUEST);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "请去设置开启权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private static boolean isIntentAvailable(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if (intent == null) {
            return false;
        }
        return context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY).size() > 0;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == SETTING_REQUEST) {
            requestPermission();
        }
    }

    private void initAppData() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "initData", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

3.通过RxPermission请求权限

项目build下：

allprojects {
    repositories {
        ...
        maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
    }
}

App build下：

implementation 'com.github.tbruyelle:rxpermissions:0.10.2'
implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.1.9'

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private AlertDialog dialog;
    public static int PERMISSION_REQUEST = 1024;
    public static int SETTING_REQUEST = 30;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            initAppData();
        } else {
            requestPermission();
        }
    }

    private void requestPermission() {
        final RxPermissions rxPermissions = new RxPermissions(this);
        //权限请求一次性处理，返回为Boolean granted表示是否全部通过
        rxPermissions
                .request(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                .subscribe(new Consumer<Boolean>() {
                    @Override
                    public void accept(Boolean granted) throws Exception {
                        if (granted) {
                            // All requested permissions are granted
                            initAppData();
                        } else {
                            // At least one permission is denied
                            // 如果用户没有授权，那么应该说明意图，引导用户去设置里面授权。
                            showPermission();
                        }
                    }
                });
        //处理每个权限请求结果
        /*
        rxPermissions
                .requestEach(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                .subscribe(new Consumer<Permission>() {
                    @Override
                    public void accept(Permission permission) throws Exception {
                        if (permission.granted) {
                            // `permission.name` is granted !
                        } else if (permission.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale) {
                            // Denied permission without ask never again
                        } else {
                            // Denied permission with ask never again
                            // Need to go to the settings
                        }
                    }
                });
                */
        //权限请求一次性处理，返回为Permission permission
        /*
        rxPermissions
                .requestEachCombined(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                        Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)
                .subscribe(new Consumer<Permission>() { // will emit 1 Permission object
                    @Override
                    public void accept(Permission permission) throws Exception {
                        if (permission.granted) {//全部通过
                            // All permissions are granted !
                        } else if (permission.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale){//有一项权限被拒绝，但是允许再次询问
                            // At least one denied permission without ask never again
                        } else {
                            //有一项权限被拒绝并且不允许再次询问，此时引导用户跳转设置
                            // At least one denied permission with ask never again
                            // Need to go to the settings
                        }
                    }
                });
                */
    }

    private void initAppData() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "initData", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    private void showPermission() {
        if (dialog == null || !dialog.isShowing()) {
            dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this, R.style.Theme_AppCompat_Light_Dialog).setTitle("权限申请")
                    .setMessage("请在设置—应用—" + getString(R.string.app_name) + "—权限中开启相应权限").setCancelable(false)
                    .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            finish();
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("去设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            startAppSetting();
                        }
                    }).show();
        }
    }

    private void startAppSetting() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
        intent.setData(uri);
        if (isIntentAvailable(this, intent)) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, SETTING_REQUEST);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(this, "请去设置开启权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    private static boolean isIntentAvailable(Context context, Intent intent) {
        return intent != null && context.getPackageManager().queryIntentActivities(intent, PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY).size() > 0;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == SETTING_REQUEST) {
            requestPermission();
        }
    }
}

4.使用AOP实现

https://gitee.com/xydtest/aop-aspect-deom

5.其他

1）记录一次一加手机判断写入权限的坑。

//通过下面的方式，Android13一加手机测试，打开了安全中的所有文件访问权限，结果发现返回一直是false
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED

//解决：通过下面的方式来判断
public static boolean isGranted(Context context, String permission) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R
                && (permission.equals(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) || permission.equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE))) {
            return Environment.isExternalStorageManager();
        }
        return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
    }

1）Android11增加了所有文件访问权限，需要增加如下适配

1.AndroidManifest.xml中添加如下内容
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

2.权限申请相关代码
    private static final int REQUEST_MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION = 100;

    public void requestPermission() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
            if (!Environment.isExternalStorageManager()) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_APP_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
                intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
                startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION );
            } else {
                //已有所有文件访问权限，可执行后续操作
            }
        } else {
            //android11以下版本，还是按照之前的权限申请流程
        }
    }

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (requestCode == REQUEST_MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION) {
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
                if (Environment.isExternalStorageManager()) {
                    //已有所有文件访问权限，可执行后续操作
                } else {
                    //没有设置所有文件访问权限，可进行相关弹窗提示等操作
                }
            }
        }
    }

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安卓6.0权限申请

1.原生申请权限案例：<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><uses-permission androi...
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