标准和指南的区别different between standard and guidelines
1. 程度问题It is matter of degree
标准比指导方针严格得多standard is much more firm than guidelines
如果你的团队认为完全遵守THM很重要,那么就应该严格遵守标准standards should be strictly adhered to if your team has decided that it`s important to comply with thm completely
指导方针是可选的,但应该遵循guidelines are optional but should be followed
如何选择测试案例
不一定要区分
正面案例test to pass
避免出错与系统崩溃
负面案例test to fail
唯一目的是破坏软件,策略性地选择用于探测软件中的常见弱点。Designing and running test cases with the sole purpose of breaking the software, is strategically chosen to probe for common weaknesses in the software.
等价位划分equivalence partitioning
Equivalence partitioning is the process of methodically reducing the huge set of possible test cases into a much smaller, but still equally effective, set
Equivalence partitioning (also called Equivalence Class Partitioning or ECP) is a software testing technique that divides the input data of a software unit into partitions of equivalent data from which test cases can be derived.
Guidelines
The input domain is usually too large for exhaustive
分为合法输入(vaild input)、不合法输入(Invalid input)
如果输入条件指定了一个范围,则定义一个有效的和两个无效的等价类If an input condition specifies a range, one valid and two invalid equivalence classes are defined
如果输入条件需要一个特定的值,则定义一个值和一个无效等价类If an input condition requires a specific value, one value and one invalid equivalence classes are defined
如果输入条件指定了一个集合的数字,则定义一个值和一个无效等价类If an input condition specifies a number of a set, one value and one invalid equivalence classes are defined
如果输入条件是布尔值,则定义一个值和一个无效等价类If an input condition is Boolean, one value and one invalid equivalence classes are defined
例题
电话分为三部分,第一部分为区号area-code(以0开头的三位数字),第二部分为pre-fix(四位数字),第三部分为sur-fix(不含0的三位数字)
合法输入:000 1111 111
非法输入:100 1111 111、0a0 1111 111、000 a000 111、000 aaaa 111、000 1111 011、000 1111 a11
例2:设有一个档案管理系统,要求用户输入以年月表示的日期。假设日期限定在1990年1月2049年12月,并规定日期由6位数字字符组成,前4位1位表示年,后2位表示月。现用等价类划分法设计测试用例,来测试程序的“日期检查功能”。
合法输入:200212
非法输入:198901(小于时间)、20210(少一位)、2000-1(有符号)、2001212(多一位)、205003(大于时间)、200113(月份大)、200100(月份小)
黑盒测试black box testing(功能测试function testing、行为测试behavior testing)
【软件测试】黑盒测试black box testing-CSDN博客
白盒测试White box testing
【软件测试】白盒测试White box testing-CSDN博客
动态测试dynamic testing
dynamics testing refers to testing that is done while the code is running
动态测试测试运行时的软件
静态测试static testing
Static testing involves examining and reviewing code and other support materials that are not running
静态测试测试不运行的软件