查看网卡的状态:
# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:fe:2a:d0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes 自动协商
Speed: 1000Mb/s 千兆、全双工
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: Unknown
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes 链路正常
查看单块网卡的状态:
# ip link show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:fe:2a:d0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
查看IP地址:
# ip addr
#ip addr show eth#
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:fe:2a:d0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.110/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fefe:2ad0/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
物理开启网卡:ifup eth#
物理关闭网卡:ifdown eth#
UNIX网络的配置方法:
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth#
System-config-network 通过命令吊起图形界面来配置网络
System-config-network-tui
Service network start/stop/restart
查看路由:
# ip route
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.110 metric 1
default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 proto static
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
/etc/resolv.conf DNS的配置
/etc/resolv.conf 中的domain example.com|search example.com是DNS后缀
Hostname查看主机名 demo.example.com
修改主机名:/etc/sysconfig/network 文件中修改。
/etc/hosts 需要能正常解析 demo.example.com
/etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop 关闭桌面上的网络连接服务
Chkconfig NetworkManager off 永久关闭桌面网络服务,开机也不启动
Cat /etc/sysconfig/network
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes 如果设置为no,服务器的全部网络被关闭
HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1 优先使用网卡上的网关,如果没有,网关的总开关
IP地址文件的标准配置:
# cat ifcfg*0
DEVICE="eth0"
BOOTPROTO="none"
HWADDR="00:0C:29:FE:2A:D0"
IPADDR="192.168.1.200"
NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
GATEWAY="192.168.1.1"
DNS1="192.168.1.1"
IPV6INIT="no"
NM_CONTROLLED="no" 使用no表示该配置文件不受NetworkManager服务所管理和控制
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE="Ethernet"
USERCTL="no"
UUID="921cd1d6-a331-42d1-bf2e-ddac0c5fed21"
Netstat:从内部监测网络状况 netstat –lntup|-antup