【尚硅谷】python学习个人笔记

尚硅谷python

一、python基础

1、python安装

1.1 下载python

python官网

选择3.5以上的版本

1.2 安装python

1.3 测试是否安装成功

Windows + R — cmd

1.4 配置python环境变量

如果前面忘了直接勾选path

我的电脑 – 右击 – 属性 – 高级系统设置 – 环境变量(N) – Path – 编辑 – 新建(N)
配置环境变量

python.exe 路径

2、pip的使用

2.1 安装

测试pip是否安装

C:\Users\stu>python                                                                                                     Python 3.12.0b3 (tags/v3.12.0b3:f992a60, Jun 20 2023, 12:25:40) [MSC v.1936 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32                    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.                                                  >>> exit()                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      C:\Users\stu>pip -V                                                                                                     pip 21.0.1 from D:\tool\anaconda\lib\site-packages\pip (python 3.8)                                                                                                                                                                             C:\Users\stu>pip -v                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Usage:                                                                                                                    pip <command> [options]   

如果没有，就配置环境变量

2.2 pip指令使用

C:\Users\stu>d:

D:\>cd \soft\python\Scripts

D:\soft\python\Scripts>dir
 驱动器 D 中的卷没有标签。
 卷的序列号是 AA67-7DD3

 D:\soft\python\Scripts 的目录

2020/12/07  16:43    <DIR>          .
2020/12/07  16:43    <DIR>          ..
2020/12/07  16:43           102,755 chardetect.exe
2020/12/06  15:24           102,764 easy_install-3.7.exe
2020/12/06  15:24           102,764 easy_install.exe
2020/12/06  20:27           102,750 f2py.exe
2020/12/06  15:24           102,746 pip.exe
2020/12/06  15:24           102,746 pip3.7.exe
2020/12/06  15:24           102,746 pip3.exe
               7 个文件        719,271 字节
               2 个目录 178,552,283,136 可用字节
D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip install ipython               

2.3 使用pip管理python包

• pip install <包名> 安装指定的包
• pip uninstall <包名> 删除指定的包
• pip list 显示已经安装的包
• pip freeze 显示已经安装的 包，并且以指定的格式显示

D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip list
Package           Version
----------------- ---------
ipython           7.34.0
jedi              0.18.2
kafka             1.3.5
kafka-python      2.0.2
kiwisolver        1.3.1
matplotlib        3.3.3
matplotlib-inline 0.1.6
numpy             1.19.4
pandas            1.1.4
parso             0.8.3
pickleshare       0.7.5
Pillow            8.0.1
pip               19.0.3
prompt-toolkit    3.0.39
Pygments          2.15.1
pyparsing         2.4.7
python-dateutil   2.8.1
You are using pip version 19.0.3, however version 23.1.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip freeze
ipython==7.34.0
jedi==0.18.2
kafka==1.3.5
kafka-python==2.0.2
kiwisolver==1.3.1
matplotlib==3.3.3
matplotlib-inline==0.1.6
numpy==1.19.4
pandas==1.1.4
parso==0.8.3
pickleshare==0.7.5
Pillow==8.0.1
prompt-toolkit==3.0.39
Pygments==2.15.1
pyparsing==2.4.7
python-dateutil==2.8.1

D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip uninstall ipython
Uninstalling ipython-7.34.0:
  Would remove:
    d:\soft\python\lib\site-packages\ipython-7.34.0.dist-info\*
    d:\soft\python\lib\site-packages\ipython\*
    d:\soft\python\scripts\iptest.exe
    d:\soft\python\scripts\iptest3.exe
    d:\soft\python\scripts\ipython.exe
    d:\soft\python\scripts\ipython3.exe
    d:\soft\python\share\man\man1\ipython.1.gz
Proceed (y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled ipython-7.34.0

D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip list
Package           Version
----------------- ---------
kafka             1.3.5
kafka-python      2.0.2
kiwisolver        1.3.1
matplotlib        3.3.3
matplotlib-inline 0.1.6
numpy             1.19.4
pandas            1.1.4
parso             0.8.3
pickleshare       0.7.5
Pillow            8.0.1
pip               19.0.3
prompt-toolkit    3.0.39
You are using pip version 19.0.3, however version 23.1.2 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

2.4 修改pip下载源

D:\soft\python\Scripts>pip install ipython -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple

3、运行python程序

3.1 终端运行

1、直接在python解释器中书写代码

>>> print('法外狂徒')                                                                                                   法外狂徒                                                                                                                >>> print("大太阳")                                                                                                     大太阳 

• 退出python环境
• exit()
• ctrl + Z enter

2、ipython解释器中书写代码
使用pip安装

pip install ipython

3.2、运行python文件

创建文件，改后缀名为 .py

内容

# coding=gb2312
print("夏天太热啦")

3.3、pycharm

下载地址