Python爬虫--爬取淘宝热卖demo,最后保存数据到excel,根据输入开始页码结束页码爬取

注1：只是用来简单练习，无频繁且恶意请求。

注2：此爬虫使用urllib库完成，因页面返回数据为json，需要找到对应的js。基础爬取，无需登录及验证码输入

1、百度搜索淘宝，点击进入

 2、按F12 打开网络(network)，查找到对应包含页面数据的js，可点击预览和响应查看返回的数据格式，检查返回的数据是否与页面一致

 3、爬取数据需要提取url、User-Agent、Cookie。需要复制到代码中，时间太久Cookie会失效，出现令牌过期，只需要获取新的url和Cookie就行。

4、代码开发，运行后输入起始和结束页码，可爬取数据到excel。一共有

import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook
import requests

# 每次执行需要更新url链接
url = 'https://h5api.m.taobao.com/h5/mtop.alimama.union.xt.en.api.entry/1.0/?jsv=2.5.1&appKey=12574478&t=1692782461137&sign=fce01b3fe19d5f8f8fe95baac61ec767&api=mtop.alimama.union.xt.en.api.entry&v=1.0&AntiCreep=true&timeout=20000&AntiFlood=true&type=jsonp&dataType=jsonp&callback=mtopjsonp2&data=%7B%22pNum%22%3A0%2C%22pSize%22%3A%2260%22%2C%22refpid%22%3A%22mm_26632258_3504122_32538762%22%2C%22variableMap%22%3A%22%7B%5C%22q%5C%22%3A%5C%22%E5%A5%B3%E8%A3%85%5C%22%2C%5C%22navigator%5C%22%3Afalse%2C%5C%22clk1%5C%22%3A%5C%2266e748471f87512b93bc1480b876e19d%5C%22%2C%5C%22recoveryId%5C%22%3A%5C%22201_33.6.195.221_45484969_1692782387677%5C%22%7D%22%2C%22qieId%22%3A%2236308%22%2C%22spm%22%3A%22a2e0b.20350158.31919782%22%2C%22app_pvid%22%3A%22201_33.6.195.221_45484969_1692782387677%22%2C%22ctm%22%3A%22spm-url%3A%3Bpage_url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fuland.taobao.com%252Fsem%252Ftbsearch%253Frefpid%253Dmm_26632258_3504122_32538762%2526keyword%253D%2525E5%2525A5%2525B3%2525E8%2525A3%252585%2526clk1%253D66e748471f87512b93bc1480b876e19d%2526upsId%253D66e748471f87512b93bc1480b876e19d%22%7D'

# 每次执行需要更新Cookie
headers = {
    'Accept': '*/*',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'Cookie': 'cna=9DDNHGpPM2ECAdy/+SB5Imuh; sgcookie=E100y1MQnOLh3GZjTTAhxLVpTIlGh6XjQ55Rd3uUULEgG8iWzIDBkLrFyYqya0BGFi8lGDdjymCkrVBZxDT%2FQsbFu6qLcbFjFtEeIzTNWNfL62P5WMM%2BGf8zWYtBBp3q0k1p; tracknick=%5Cu90ED%5Cu627F%5Cu4F1F121; _cc_=W5iHLLyFfA%3D%3D; miid=1276003676469059777; thw=cn; xlly_s=1; cookie2=1feddccc877898b591336ee4fbb9b751; t=79d4f86c3e94354f5ed0bdfaedf6836d; _tb_token_=e31ef63101153; _m_h5_tk=cb1ef594977752c83bbd6e05436a54a4_1692791111005; _m_h5_tk_enc=72d9fa8720b86c7617c9ccc98ecb11b6; _samesite_flag_=true; tfstk=d52wAOZNqOBZk1NtYbM44Gl3CVkthYQ7s-gjmoqmfV0ifrM4gz3BhGH1Mxzq8r3s1A063-u3qip1X1hmuPHiM5gj5qk4DzSCPT67XlHxIa_5FzKFGYyvV_D3MlEtHxxBo_N3Xm8Wp1s1EJAMe6cdrog3CPK3OhdJQVJDnRXx_4o2GKJqEccanlXwaEnhoXyY_EAqsDnEPMSUXEl5Z; l=fBQtyIAeN-LQ43djBOfZFurza77TtIRfguPzaNbMi9fPOk5p5lhhW1tSbEL9CnGVes9eR3-WjmOpBuTGVyIVV4wH6b293OEZ3dhyN3pR.; isg=BHl5FbT0OY0IV-VYzd5kdG3OiOVThm04z3SfZ5uuvKAfIpi049VnCKQ0pCbUmgVw',
    'Referer': 'https://uland.taobao.com/',
    'Sec-Ch-Ua': '"Chromium";v="116", "Not)A;Brand";v="24", "Google Chrome";v="116"',
    'Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile': '?0',
    'Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform': '"Windows"',
    'Sec-Fetch-Dest': 'script',
    'Sec-Fetch-Mode': 'no-cors',
    'Sec-Fetch-Site': 'same-site',
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/116.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}

# 包装url, headers
request = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=headers)
# 发送请求
response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
# 读取结果
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')

# 去掉结果数据中前面的mtopjsonp2(
a = content.replace("mtopjsonp2(", "")
# 去掉结果数据结尾的)
b = a.replace(")", "")

# 此处废弃，只是用来把数据保存在项目本地
# with open('taobao.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
#     fp.write(b)
#     print('本地文件保存成功')

# 把json数据转为python对象
json_b = json.loads(b)





if __name__ == '__main__':
    start_page = int(input("开始页码："))
    end_page = int(input("结束页码："))
    data_list = []
    for i in range(start_page, end_page+1):
        # 解析json,拿到需要的数据
        data = json_b['data']['recommend']['resultList'][i]
        # 把字典数据保存在列表中
        data_list.append(data)
    # 创建一个空excel
    wb = Workbook()
    # 选择当前工作表
    ws = wb.active
    # 写入表头
    ws.append(['ID', '商品名称', '商品ID', '店铺名称'])
    # 遍历列表
    for data in data_list:
        ws.append([data['floorId'], data['itemName'], data['itemId'], data['shopTitle']])
    wb.save('taobao.xlsx')
    print('结果保存成功')

5、运行展示

6、生成的excel自动保存在本地项目中