Java Web——初学者用户界面登录（2_10_5)

• 用户登录案例需求：
  1.编写login.html登录页面
  username & password 两个输入框
  2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql，day14数据库中user表
  3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
  4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示：登录成功！用户名,欢迎您
  5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示：登录失败，用户名或密码错误.

逻辑如下：

分析

• 开发步骤
  1. 创建项目，导入html页面，配置文件，jar包
  2. 创建数据库环境

    	CREATE DATABASE day14;
    	USE day14;
    	CREATE TABLE USER(
    	
    		id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    		username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    		PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
    	);
  

3. 创建包cn.itcast.domain,创建类User

    	package cn.itcast.domain;
    	/**
    	 * 用户的实体类
    	 */
    	public class User {
    	
    	    private int id;
    	    private String username;
    	    private String password;
    	
    	
    	    public int getId() {
    	        return id;
    	    }
    	
    	    public void setId(int id) {
    	        this.id = id;
    	    }
    	
    	    public String getUsername() {
    	        return username;
    	    }
    	
    	    public void setUsername(String username) {
    	        this.username = username;
    	    }
    	
    	    public String getPassword() {
    	        return password;
    	    }
    	
    	    public void setPassword(String password) {
    	        this.password = password;
    	    }
    	
    	    @Override
    	    public String toString() {
    	        return "User{" +
    	                "id=" + id +
    	                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
    	                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
    	                '}';
    	    }
    	}
   

4. 创建包cn.itcast.util,编写工具类JDBCUtils

    	package cn.itcast.util;
   
    	import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
    	
    	import javax.sql.DataSource;
    	import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
    	import java.io.IOException;
    	import java.io.InputStream;
    	import java.sql.Connection;
    	import java.sql.SQLException;
    	import java.util.Properties;
    	
    	/**
    	 * JDBC工具类 使用Durid连接池
    	 */
    	public class JDBCUtils {
    	
    	    private static DataSource ds ;
    	
    	    static {
    	
    	        try {
    	            //1.加载配置文件
    	            Properties pro = new Properties();
    	            //使用ClassLoader加载配置文件，获取字节输入流
    	            InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
    	            pro.load(is);
    	
    	            //2.初始化连接池对象
    	            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
    	
    	        } catch (IOException e) {
    	            e.printStackTrace();
    	        } catch (Exception e) {
    	            e.printStackTrace();
    	        }
    	    }
    	
    	    /**
    	     * 获取连接池对象
    	     */
    	    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
    	        return ds;
    	    }
    	
    	
    	    /**
    	     * 获取连接Connection对象
    	     */
    	    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
    	        return  ds.getConnection();
    	    }
    	}
   

5. 创建包cn.itcast.dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法

    	package cn.itcast.dao;
   
    	import cn.itcast.domain.User;
    	import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
    	import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
    	import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
    	import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    	
    	/**
    	 * 操作数据库中User表的类
    	 */
    	public class UserDao {
    	
    	    //声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
    	    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
    	
    	    /**
    	     * 登录方法
    	     * @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
    	     * @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到，返回null
    	     */
    	    public User login(User loginUser){
    	        try {
    	            //1.编写sql
    	            String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
    	            //2.调用query方法
    	            User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
    	                    new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
    	                    loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
    	
    	
    	            return user;
    	        } catch (DataAccessException e) {
    	            e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
    	            return null;
    	        }
    	    }
    	}
   

6. 编写cn.itcast.web.servlet.LoginServlet类

    	package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
   
    	import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
    	import cn.itcast.domain.User;
    	
    	import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    	import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    	import java.io.IOException;
    	
    	
    	@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
    	public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	
    	
    	    @Override
    	    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	        //1.设置编码
    	        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
    	        //2.获取请求参数
    	        String username = req.getParameter("username");
    	        String password = req.getParameter("password");
    	        //3.封装user对象
    	        User loginUser = new User();
    	        loginUser.setUsername(username);
    	        loginUser.setPassword(password);
    	
    	        //4.调用UserDao的login方法
    	        UserDao dao = new UserDao();
    	        User user = dao.login(loginUser);
    	
    	        //5.判断user
    	        if(user == null){
    	            //登录失败
    	            req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
    	        }else{
    	            //登录成功
    	            //存储数据
    	            req.setAttribute("user",user);
    	            //转发
    	            req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
    	        }
    	
    	    }
    	
    	    @Override
    	    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	        this.doGet(req,resp);
    	    }
    	}
   

7. 编写FailServlet和SuccessServlet类

    	@WebServlet("/successServlet")
    	public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	        //获取request域中共享的user对象
    	        User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
    	
    	        if(user != null){
    	            //给页面写一句话
    	
    	            //设置编码
    	            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    	            //输出
    	            response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
    	        }
    	
    	
    	    }		
   
   
    	@WebServlet("/failServlet")
    	public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
    	    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	        //给页面写一句话
    	
    	        //设置编码
    	        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
    	        //输出
    	        response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
    	
    	    }
    	
    	    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    	        this.doPost(request,response);
    	    }
    	}
   

8. login.html中form表单的action路径的写法

   • 虚拟目录+Servlet的资源路径

9. BeanUtils工具类，简化数据封装

   用于封装JavaBean的

   1. JavaBean：标准的Java类

      1. 要求：
         1. 类必须被public修饰
         2. 必须提供空参的构造器
         3. 成员变量必须使用private修饰
         4. 提供公共setter和getter方法
      2. 功能：封装数据

   2. 概念：
      成员变量：
      属性：setter和getter方法截取后的产物
      例如：getUsername() --> Username–> username

   3. 方法：

      1. setProperty()
      2. getProperty()
      3. populate(Object obj , Map map):将map集合的键值对信息，封装到对应的JavaBean对象中