2012年复试题目

1. 编写程序，求最小公倍数。

递归求最小公倍数：

int gcd(int a,int b)
{
    if(a%b == 0)
        return b;
    return gcd(b, a%b);
}

int lcm(int a,int b)
{
    return a*b/gcd(a,b);
}

定义求：

int gcd(int x, int y)
{
    int greatest = 1;
    for(int i = 2; i <= ((x<y)?x:y); i++)
    {
        if(x%i == 0 && y%i== 0)
            greatest = i;
    }
    return greatest;
}

辗转相除：

int gcd(int a, int b)
{
    int max = a > b ? a : b;
    int min = a < b ? a : b;
    int r;
    while(min)
    {
        r = max%min;
        max = min;
        min = r;
    }
    return max;
}

2. 编写程序，计算一系列整数之和。假定：输入的第一个整数为连续输入整数的个数。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int num;
    cin >> num;
    int sum = 0;
    int x;
    while(num)
    {
        cin >> x;
        sum += x;
        num -- ;
    }
    cout << endl << sum <<endl;
}

3. 编写程序，读入几行文本

1. 统计文本中每个字母出现的次数

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cctype>

using namespace std;

const int SIZE = 100;

int main()
{
    int num;
    cout << "Enter the number of text: ";
    cin >> num;
    char text[num][SIZE];
    int letters[26] = {};
    cout << "enter " << num << " lines of text:\n";
    for(int i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
        cin.getline(&text[i][0],SIZE);
    for(int  i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
    {
        for(int j = 0; text[i][j]!='\0';j++)
            if(isalpha(text[i][j]))
                letters[tolower(text[i][j]) - 'a']++;
    }
    cout << endl << "Total letter counts:\n";
    for(int i = 0; i < 26; ++i)
       // if(letters[i])  //只打印出现的字母
            cout << setw(3) << static_cast<char> ('a' + i) << " : " << setw(3) << static_cast<int>(letters[i]) << endl;
    return 0;
}

2. 统计单词的长度以及不同单词长度的个数

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

const int SIZE = 100;

int main()
{
    int num;
    cout << "Enter the number of text: ";
    cin >> num;
    char text[num][SIZE];
    int lengths[20] = {};
    cout << "enter " << num << " lines of text:\n";
    for(int i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
        cin.getline(&text[i][0],SIZE);
    char *temp;
    for(int  i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
    {
        temp = strtok(&text[i][0],". \n");
        while(temp)
        {
            lengths[strlen(temp)]++;
            temp = strtok(NULL,". \n");//结束循环条件的
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << setw(10) << "length" << setw(10) << "times" << endl;
    for(int i = 1; i < 20; i++)
    {
        if(lengths[i])
            cout << setw(10) << i << setw(10) << lengths[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

3. 统计不同单词在文中出现的次数：

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

const int SIZE = 100;

int main()
{
    int num;
    cout << "Enter the number of text: ";
    cin >> num;
    char text[num][SIZE];
    char *temp;
    int  count[100]= {};
    char words[100][20] = {""};
    cout << "enter " << num << " lines of text:\n";

    for(int i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
        cin.getline(&text[i][0],SIZE);
    for(int  i = 0; i <= num; ++i)
    {
        temp = strtok(&text[i][0],". \n");
        while(temp)
        {
            int j = 0;
            for(j = 0; words[j][0] && strcmp(temp,&words[j][0])!= 0;j++);//word[j][0] 不为空时，且不等于temp
            count[j] ++;
            if(!words[j][0])   //words[j][0]为空时赋值
                strcpy(&words[j][0],temp);
            temp = strtok(NULL,". \n");
        }
    }
    cout << endl;
    cout << setw(20) << left << "word" << setw(10) << "times" << endl;
    for(int i = 0; words[i][0]!= '\0' && i < 100 ; i++)
    {
        cout << setw(20) << left << &words[i][0] << setw(10) << count[i] << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

4. Person类

包含三个成员数据（name,nationality和sex）和三个成员函数（构造函数，printName函数和printNationality函数），
其中name的数据类型为Name类。Name类包含三个数据成员（first,middle,last）和两个成员函数（构造函数和printName函数）
定义Person类和Name类，并编写程序测试这两个类的所有接口。

Name.h

#ifndef NAME_H
#define NAME_H
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Name
{
    public:
        Name(string = "",string = "", string = "");
        void printName()const;
        virtual ~Name();
    private:
        string first;
        string middle;
        string last;
};
#endif // NAME_H

Name.cpp

#include "Name.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

Name::Name(string f,string m,string l)
:first(f),middle(m),last(l)
{
    //ctor
}

void Name::printName()const
{
    cout << "name is : " << first << middle << last << endl;

}

Name::~Name()
{
    //dtor
}

Person.h

#ifndef PERSON_H
#define PERSON_H
#include "Name.h"
#include <string>

using namespace std;


class Person
{
    public:
        Person(Name &, string = "China",string = "male");
        void printName()const
        {
            name.printName();
        }
        void printNationality()const;
        virtual ~Person();

    protected:

    private:
        Name name;
        string nationality;
        string sex;
};

#endif // PERSON_H

Person.cpp

#include "Person.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

Person::Person(Name &n,string na,string s):
name(n),nationality(na),sex(s)
{
    //ctor
}

void Person::printNationality()const
{
    cout << "nationality : " << nationality << endl;
}

Person::~Person()
{
    //dtor
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "Name.h"
#include "Person.h"

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    Name name("王","苏","豪");
    Person p(name,"China","男");
    name.printName();
    p.printName();
    p.printNationality();
    return 0;
}