用JAVA实现一个图书管理系统

          *运用到类与类之间的关系
          *掌握抽象类、接口、继承、封装等应用

1、创建图书的类

public class Book {
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private  int price;
    private  String  type;
    private boolean flg;

    public Book(String name,String author,int price,String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

 创建一个书类（里面定义书的具体参数书名
、作者、价格、种类）
 构造函数  一本书的具体信息

@Override
    public String toString() {
        return "book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
               ((flg==true)?", 已借出":", 未借出" )+
                '}';
    }

2、创建BookList,当做书架，里面默认有三本书，和书架的内存。同时写Get和Set方法（private）

public class BookList {
    private Book[] books=new Book[10];
    private  int usedSize;//私有提供getset方法
    public BookList(){//默认有三本书
      books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",56,"小说");
      books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",76,"小说");
      books[2]=new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",96,"小说");
      this.usedSize=3;
    }

3、创建一个IOpeartion，用来实现增删查改的功能，由于没有具体实现，所以设为空类

public interface IOpeartion{
    public void work(BookList bookList);
    
}

4、增删查改退出的实现
1）查找一本书

public class FindOperation implements IOpeartion {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("请输入要查找的书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookname=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i <bookList.getUsedSize() ; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(bookname)){
                System.out.println("找到这本书");
                System.out.println(book);
              return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有找到这本书！");
    }
}

2）增加一本书

public void work(BookList bookList) {
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("新增图书");

        System.out.println("请输入书名：");
        String name= scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入作者：");
        String author= scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入种类：");
        String type= scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入价格：");
        int price= scanner.nextInt();

        Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
        int pos=bookList.getUsedSize();
         bookList.setBooks(pos,book);
         int curSize=bookList.getUsedSize();
         bookList.setUsedSize(curSize+1);
        }

    }

3）删除一本书

public class DelOperation implements IOpeartion {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书");
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的书名");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String Delname = scanner.nextLine();
        int pos = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(Delname)) {
                int curSize = bookList.getUsedSize() - 1;
                Book book1 = bookList.getBooks(i + 1);
                bookList.setBooks(i, book1);
                int cur = bookList.getUsedSize();
                bookList.setUsedSize(cur - 1);
                System.out.println("删除成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
                System.out.println("没有这本书");
    }

4）打印图书

public class DisplayOperation implements IOpeartion{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("打印图书");
        for (int i = 0; i <bookList.getUsedSize() ; i++) {
            System.out.println(bookList.getBooks(i));//bookList是类名，应该用它的get方法打印

        }
    }
}

5）借阅图书

public class BrrowOperation implements IOpeartion{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("请输入要借阅的书名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String brrowname=scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i <bookList.getUsedSize() ; i++) {
            Book book=bookList.getBooks(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(brrowname)){
                book.setFlg(false);
                System.out.println("借阅成功");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有找到这本书！");
    }

5）归还图书

public class ReturnOperation implements IOpeartion {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书");
        System.out.println("请输入要归还的书名");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String returnName = scanner.nextLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBooks(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(returnName)) {
                book.setFlg(true);
                System.out.println("归还成功");
                return;
            }
        }
    }
}

6）退出系统

public class ExitOperation implements IOpeartion {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统");
        System.exit(1);//1代表强制退出
    }
}

5、创建使用者的类（管理员和借阅人）

//准备一个接口数组，存储每个对象
public abstract class User {//使用者
    public   String name;
    public IOpeartion[] iOpeartions;
    public User(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public abstract int menu();//使用者不同，所以没有任何实现，定义为抽象类
    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
        this.iOpeartions[choice].work(bookList);

    }

  }

public AdminUser(String name) {//提供构造方法,只要new一个NormalUser对象，构造方法就会执行，准备操作对象
        super(name);
        this.iOpeartions = new IOpeartion[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("==============================");
        System.out.println("======="+"hello "+this.name+" 欢迎=======");
        System.out.println("          1、查找图书");
        System.out.println("          2、新增图书");
        System.out.println("          3、删除图书");
        System.out.println("          4、显示图书");
        System.out.println("          0、退出系统");
        System.out.println("===============================");//两者菜单不同
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

public class NormalUser extends User{


    public  NormalUser(String name){//提供构造方法,只要new一个NormalUser对象，构造方法就会执行，准备操作对象
        super(name);
        this.iOpeartions=new IOpeartion[] {
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BrrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };
    }
    @Override
    public int menu() {
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("===============================");
        System.out.println("======="+"hello"+this.name+"欢迎=======");
        System.out.println("          1、查找图书");
        System.out.println("          2、借阅图书");
        System.out.println("          3、归还图书");
        System.out.println("          0、退出系统");
        System.out.println("===============================");
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

6、主函数的调用

public class Main {
    public static User login() {
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份：   1-》管理员     0-》普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if (choice == 1) {
            return new AdminUser(name);//向上转型
        } else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList = new BookList();//默认三本书
        User user = login();
        while (true) {
            int choice = user.menu();//调用菜单
            user.doOperation(choice, bookList);//由下标实现具体的功能
        }
    }
}