Week 4 —— Hyper-V Networking

Week 4 —— Hyper-V Networking

1.Name and describe the three types of virtual networks available in Hyper-V.

• External: this virtual network is the network connected by the physical host network card. Using this network, you can communicate with the physical machine, with other computers connected on this network, and even connect to the Internet.

• Internal: computers connected to the virtual network can communicate with each other or with physical hosts, but they cannot communicate with computers in other networks, and they cannot connect to the Internet unless NAT or routing is enabled.

• Private: computers connected in the private virtual network can communicate with each other, but they can’t communicate with the physical host, and they can’t communicate with computers in other networks.

名称和描述Hyper-V中可用的三种类型的虚拟网络。

• 外部:该虚拟网络是由物理主机网卡连接的网络。使用此网络，您可以与物理机器、与此网络上连接的其他计算机通信，甚至可以连接到Internet。
• 内部:连接到虚拟网络中的计算机可以相互通信或与物理主机通信，但不能与其他网络中的计算机通信，除非启用NAT或路由，否则不能连接到Internet。
• 私有:连接在私有虚拟网络中的计算机可以相互通信，但不能与物理主机通信，也不能与其他网络中的计算机通信。

2.Modes for the Hyper-V Virtual Switch

• Private Virtual Switch
  A Hyper-V virtual switch in private mode allows communications only between virtual adapters connected to virtual machines.

• Internal Virtual Switch
  A Hyper-V virtual switch in internal mode allows communications only between virtual adapters connected to virtual machines and the management operating system.

• External Virtual Switch
  A Hyper-V virtual switch in external mode allows communications between virtual adapters connected to virtual machines and the management operating system. It uses single or teamed physical adapters to connect to a physical switch, thereby allowing communications with other systems.

Hyper-V虚拟交换机的模式

• 私有虚拟交换机
  私有模式下的Hyper-V虚拟交换机只允许连接到虚拟机的虚拟适配器之间进行通信。

• 内部虚拟交换机
  内部模式下的Hyper-V虚拟交换机只允许连接到虚拟机的虚拟适配器和管理操作系统之间的通信。

• 外部虚拟交换机
  外部模式下的Hyper-V虚拟交换机允许连接到虚拟机的虚拟适配器和管理操作系统之间进行通信。它使用单个或组合的物理适配器连接到物理交换机，从而允许与其他系统通信。
  

The number one most important thing to understand is that a physical adapter or team used by a Hyper-V virtual switch is not, and cannot be, used for anything else.

The adapter is not “shared” with anything. You cannot configure TCP/IP information on it.

3.Dynamic Virtual Machine Queue(DVMQ)
Dynamic Virtual Machine Queue (VMQ) DVMQ uses hardware packet filtering to deliver packet data from an external virtual machine network directly to virtual machines, which reduces the overhead of routing packets and copying them from the management operating system to the virtual machine.

动态虚拟机队列(VMQ) DVMQ使用硬件包过滤，将包数据从外部虚拟机网络直接发送到虚拟机，这减少了路由包和将它们从管理操作系统复制到虚拟机的开销。

4.What is Single-Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV)? Comparing with Dynamic Virtual Machine Queue, what are advantages?

SR-IOV is a specification that allows a PCIe device to appear to be multiple separate physical PCIe devices. The SR-IOV specification was created and is maintained by the PCI SIG, with the idea that a standard specification will help promote interoperability. SR-IOV works by introducing the idea of physical functions (PFs) and virtual functions (VFs).

DVMQ improves virtual machine performance by distributing network load across multiple logical processors. SR-IOV directly allocates devices to virtual machines to reduce the delay of network path, which is very suitable for low delay workload.

SR-IOV是一种规范，允许一个PCIe设备看起来是多个独立的物理PCIe设备。SR-IOV规范是由PCI SIG创建并维护的，其理念是一个标准规范将有助于促进互操作性。SR-IOV的工作原理是引入物理函数(pf)和虚函数(vf)的概念。

DVMQ通过将网络负载分布到多个逻辑处理器来提高虚拟机性能。SR-IOV直接将设备分配给虚拟机，减少网络路径的延迟，非常适合低延迟的工作负载。

5.What is the Software Defined Networking (SDN) in hyper-V networking?

Software defined Networking (SDN) is a new architecture, which can control the network behaviour through API or OpenFlow. Through software-based control, network administrators can directly control the flow direction from the central console and provide services in the whole network, regardless of the connected hardware components.

软件定义网络(Software defined Networking, SDN)是一种新的网络架构，它可以通过API或OpenFlow来控制网络行为。通过基于软件的控制，网络管理员可以从中控台直接控制流的流向，提供整个网络的服务，而不管连接的硬件组件是什么。