案例 - 购物车
按照组件化方式实现业务需求
- 根据业务功能进行组件化划分
- 标题组件(展示文本)
- 列表组件(列表展示、商品数量变更、商品删除)
- 结算组件(计算商品总额)
功能实现步骤
- 实现整体布局和样式效果
- 划分独立的功能组件
- 组合所有的子组件形成整体结构
- 逐个实现各个组件功能
- 标题组件
- 列表组件
- 结算组件
效果图展示
实现组件化布局
- 先创建一个局部组件
my-cart
,在里面引入属性components
,定义三个组件cart-title
,cart-list
,cart-total
var CartTitle = {
template: `
`
}
var CartList = {
template: `
`
}
var CartTotal = {
template: `
`
}
Vue.component('my-cart',{
template: `
`,
components: {
'cart-title': CartTitle,
'cart-list': CartList,
'cart-total': CartTotal
}
});
- 把页面的静态结构转化为组件化的方式
var CartTitle = {
template: `
<div class="title">我的商品</div>
`
}
var CartList = {
template: `
<div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/a.jpg"/>
<div class="name"></div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" />
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del">×</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/b.jpg"/>
<div class="name"></div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" />
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del">×</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/c.jpg"/>
<div class="name"></div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" />
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del">×</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/d.jpg"/>
<div class="name"></div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" />
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del">×</div>
</div>
<div class="item">
<img src="img/e.jpg"/>
<div class="name"></div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" />
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del">×</div>
</div>
</div>
`
}
var CartTotal = {
template: `
<div class="total">
<span>总价:123</span>
<button>结算</button>
</div>
`
}
Vue.component('my-cart',{
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title></cart-title>
<cart-list></cart-list>
<cart-total></cart-total>
</div>
`,
components: {
'cart-title': CartTitle,
'cart-list': CartList,
'cart-total': CartTotal
}
});
- 在容器中利用
<my-cart></my-cart>
展示出效果
<div id="app">
<div class="container">
<my-cart></my-cart>
</div>
</div>
实现标题和结算组件功能
- 用父组件传递标题的数据
var CartTitle = {
props: ['uname'],
template: `
<div class="title">{{uname}}的动物园拍卖会</div>
`
}
Vue.component('my-cart',{
data: function() {
return {
uname: 'DG',
}
},
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title>
<cart-list></cart-list>
<cart-total></cart-total>
</div>
`,
}
- 接下来需要有数据提供
Vue.component('my-cart',{
data: function() {
return {
uname: 'DG',
list: [{
id: 1,
name: '熊猫',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss3.bdstatic.com/70cFv8Sh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3726570454,3633557931&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 2,
name: '猴子',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3524667055,2282983046&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 3,
name: '兔子',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1173496453,597070384&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 4,
name: '老鼠',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFvXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3570432866,2699104227&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 5,
name: '海豚',
price: 1000,
num: 2,
img: 'https://ss2.bdstatic.com/70cFvnSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1113954919,3492262937&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
}]
}
}
- 之后把数据传递给
cart-total
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title>
<cart-list></cart-list>
<cart-total :list='list'></cart-total>
</div>
`
- 在传递完需要接受数据
var CartTotal = {
props: ['list'],
template: `
<div class="total">
<span>总价:{{total}}</span>
<button>结算</button>
</div>
`
}
- 利用计算属性实现结算功能
computed: {
total: function() {
// 计算商品的总价
var t = 0;
this.list.forEach(item => {
t += item.price * item.num;
});
return t;
}
}
实现列表组件删除功能
-
传递和接受
list
- 传递
template: ` <div class='cart'> <cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title> <cart-list :list='list'></cart-list> <cart-total :list='list'></cart-total> </div> `
- 接受
var CartList = { props: ['list'], template: ` <div> <div :key='item.id' v-for='item in list' class="item"> <img :src="item.img"/> <div class="name">{{item.name}}</div> <div class="change"> <a href="">-</a> <input type="text" class="num" /> <a href="">+</a> </div> <div class="del" @click='del(item.id)'>×</div> </div> </div> ` }
-
实现删除
methods: {
del: function(id){
// 把id传递给父组件
this.$emit('cart-del', id);
}
}
- 找到对应的父组件
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title>
<cart-list :list='list' @cart-del='delCart($event)'></cart-list>
<cart-total :list='list'></cart-total>
</div>
`
- 根据id删除list中对应的数据
methods: {
delCart: function(id) {
// 1、找到id所对应数据的索引
var index = this.list.findIndex(item=>{
return item.id == id;
});
// 2、根据索引删除对应数据
this.list.splice(index, 1);
}
}
实现组件更新数据功能
- 利用属性绑定的方式实现
num
呈现在前端页面中
var CartList = {
props: ['list'],
template: `
<div>
<div :key='item.id' v-for='item in list' class="item">
<img :src="item.img"/>
<div class="name">{{item.name}}</div>
<div class="change">
<a href="">-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" :value='item.num' @blur='changeNum(item.id, $event)'/>
<a href="">+</a>
</div>
<div class="del" @click='del(item.id)'>×</div>
</div>
</div>
`
}
- 实现数字变更操作
methods: {
changeNum: function(id, event){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
num: event.target.value
});
},
del: function(id){
// 把id传递给父组件
this.$emit('cart-del', id);
}
}
}
- 在父组件中进行监听
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title>
<cart-list :list='list' @change-num='changeNum($event)' @cart-del='delCart($event)'></cart-list>
<cart-total :list='list'></cart-total>
</div>
`
- 定义函数
methods: {
changeNum: function(val) {
// 根据子组件传递过来的数据,跟新list中对应的数据
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num = val.num;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
},
}
- 实现加或减更改数值
template: `
<div>
<div :key='item.id' v-for='item in list' class="item">
<img :src="item.img"/>
<div class="name">{{item.name}}</div>
<div class="change">
<a href="" @click.prevent='sub(item.id)'>-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" :value='item.num' @blur='changeNum(item.id, $event)'/>
<a href="" @click.prevent='add(item.id)'>+</a>
</div>
<div class="del" @click='del(item.id)'>×</div>
</div>
</div>
`
sub: function(id){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
type: 'sub'
});
},
add: function(id){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
type: 'add'
});
},
- 对
输入域变更
、加号变更
、减号变更
进行判断
methods: {
changeNum: function(val) {
// 分为三种情况:输入域变更、加号变更、减号变更
if(val.type=='change') {
// 根据子组件传递过来的数据,跟新list中对应的数据
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num = val.num;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}else if(val.type=='sub'){
// 减一操作
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num -= 1;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}else if(val.type=='add'){
// 加一操作
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num += 1;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}
}
}
整体代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style type="text/css">
.container {
}
.container .cart {
width: 300px;
margin: auto;
}
.container .title {
background-color: lightblue;
height: 40px;
line-height: 40px;
text-align: center;
/*color: #fff;*/
}
.container .total {
background-color: #FFCE46;
height: 50px;
line-height: 50px;
text-align: right;
}
.container .total button {
margin: 0 10px;
background-color: #DC4C40;
height: 35px;
width: 80px;
border: 0;
}
.container .total span {
color: red;
font-weight: bold;
}
.container .item {
height: 55px;
line-height: 55px;
position: relative;
border-top: 1px solid #ADD8E6;
}
.container .item img {
width: 45px;
height: 45px;
margin: 5px;
}
.container .item .name {
position: absolute;
width: 90px;
top: 0;left: 55px;
font-size: 16px;
}
.container .item .change {
width: 100px;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 50px;
}
.container .item .change a {
font-size: 20px;
width: 30px;
text-decoration:none;
background-color: lightgray;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.container .item .change .num {
width: 40px;
height: 25px;
}
.container .item .del {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0px;
width: 40px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 40px;
cursor: pointer;
color: red;
}
.container .item .del:hover {
background-color: orange;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<div class="container">
<my-cart></my-cart>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/vue.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var CartTitle = {
props: ['uname'],
template: `
<div class="title">{{uname}}的动物园拍卖会</div>
`
}
var CartList = {
props: ['list'],
template: `
<div>
<div :key='item.id' v-for='item in list' class="item">
<img :src="item.img"/>
<div class="name">{{item.name}}</div>
<div class="change">
<a href="" @click.prevent='sub(item.id)'>-</a>
<input type="text" class="num" :value='item.num' @blur='changeNum(item.id, $event)'/>
<a href="" @click.prevent='add(item.id)'>+</a>
</div>
<div class="del" @click='del(item.id)'>×</div>
</div>
</div>
`,
methods: {
changeNum: function(id, event){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
type: 'change',
num: event.target.value
});
},
sub: function(id){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
type: 'sub'
});
},
add: function(id){
this.$emit('change-num', {
id: id,
type: 'add'
});
},
del: function(id){
// 把id传递给父组件
this.$emit('cart-del', id);
}
}
}
var CartTotal = {
props: ['list'],
template: `
<div class="total">
<span>总价:{{total}}</span>
<button>结算</button>
</div>
`,
computed: {
total: function() {
// 计算商品的总价
var t = 0;
this.list.forEach(item => {
t += item.price * item.num;
});
return t;
}
}
}
Vue.component('my-cart',{
data: function() {
return {
uname: 'DG',
list: [{
id: 1,
name: '熊猫',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss3.bdstatic.com/70cFv8Sh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3726570454,3633557931&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 2,
name: '猴子',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3524667055,2282983046&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 3,
name: '兔子',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1173496453,597070384&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 4,
name: '老鼠',
price: 1000,
num: 1,
img: 'https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFvXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3570432866,2699104227&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
},{
id: 5,
name: '海豚',
price: 1000,
num: 2,
img: 'https://ss2.bdstatic.com/70cFvnSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=1113954919,3492262937&fm=26&gp=0.jpg'
}]
}
},
template: `
<div class='cart'>
<cart-title :uname='uname'></cart-title>
<cart-list :list='list' @change-num='changeNum($event)' @cart-del='delCart($event)'></cart-list>
<cart-total :list='list'></cart-total>
</div>
`,
components: {
'cart-title': CartTitle,
'cart-list': CartList,
'cart-total': CartTotal
},
methods: {
changeNum: function(val) {
// 分为三种情况:输入域变更、加号变更、减号变更
if(val.type=='change') {
// 根据子组件传递过来的数据,跟新list中对应的数据
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num = val.num;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}else if(val.type=='sub'){
// 减一操作
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num -= 1;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}else if(val.type=='add'){
// 加一操作
this.list.some(item=>{
if(item.id == val.id) {
item.num += 1;
// 终止遍历
return true;
}
});
}
},
delCart: function(id) {
// 根据id删除list中对应的数据
// 1、找到id所对应数据的索引
var index = this.list.findIndex(item=>{
return item.id == id;
});
// 2、根据索引删除对应数据
this.list.splice(index, 1);
}
}
});
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>