java.io

一、File类

File file = new File("c://abc//aa.txt");

File filedir = new File("c://abc");

注：1、文件和目录都是File类，不能删除非空目录

二、流

流入流出的方向是站在内存的角度来看，也即是程序的角度

1、字节流：

（抽象类）InputStream，OutputStream

（实现类）FileInputStream，FileOutputStream

字节输入流：

    public void inputStream(String source){

        try {

            InputStream input = new FileInputStream(source);
            int temp = input.read();
            while(temp != -1){
                System.out.print((char)temp);
                temp = input.read();
            }
            input.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

字节输出流：

    public void outputStream(String dest){

        String str = "I love you!";
        byte[] words = str.getBytes();
        try {

            OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(dest);
            output.write(words, 0, words.length);
            output.flush();
            output.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public void copy(String source,String dest){

        InputStream inputStream = null;
        OutputStream outputStream = null;
        try {

            inputStream = new FileInputStream(source);
            outputStream = new FileOutputStream(dest);

            int num = inputStream.read();
            while(num != -1){
                outputStream.write(num);
                num = inputStream.read();
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                inputStream.close();
                outputStream.flush();
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

2、字符流：

（抽象类）Reader，Writer

（实现类） FileReader,FileWrite

    //字符流copy
    public void copyCharacter(String source,String dest){

        Reader reader = null;
        Writer writer = null;
        try {

            reader = new FileReader(source);
            writer = new FileWriter(dest);

            int num = reader.read();
            while(num != -1){
                System.out.print((char)num);
                writer.write(num);
                num = reader.read();
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                reader.close();
                writer.flush();
                writer.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

3、带缓存的输入输出流：

BufferedReader，BufferedWriter；

BufferedInputStream，BufferedOutputStream

    public static void bufferReader(String dest){

        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        ArrayList<Emplyee> emplyees = new ArrayList<Emplyee>();
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

        String time = null;
        String flag = "y";
        while("y".equalsIgnoreCase(flag)){
            Emplyee emp = new Emplyee();
            System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
            String name = sc.next();
            System.out.println("请输入工资:");
            int in = sc.nextInt();
            Date date = new Date();
            time = sdf.format(date);
            emp.setName(name);
            emp.setIncome(in);
            emplyees.add(emp);
            System.out.println("还要输入吗？（y/n）");
            flag = sc.next();
        } 

        System.out.println("共"+emplyees.size()+"个有员工");
        System.out.println("姓名"+"\t"+"工资"+"\t"+"录入时间");
        for(int i = 0;i < emplyees.size();i++){
            Emplyee e = emplyees.get(i);
            System.out.println(e.getName()+"\t"+e.getIncome()+"\t"+time);
        }

        try {

            BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(dest));
            bw.write("共"+emplyees.size()+"个有员工"+"\r\n");
            bw.write("姓名"+"\t"+"工资"+"\t"+"录入时间"+"\r\n");
            for(int j = 0;j < emplyees.size();j++){
                Emplyee m = emplyees.get(j);
                bw.write(m.getName()+"\t"+m.getIncome()+"\t"+time+"\r\n");
            }
            bw.flush();
            bw.close();

        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void bufferCopyByte(String source,String dest){

        try {

            BufferedInputStream bi = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(source));
            BufferedOutputStream bo = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(dest));

            int num = bi.read();
            while(num != -1){
                bo.write(num);
                num = bi.read();
            }
            bi.close();
            bo.flush();
            bo.close();

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

三、Java属性文件

    //登录方法
    public void readProperties(String source,String name,String secret){

        Properties pro = new Properties();
        try {

            pro.load(new FileReader(source));
            if("admin".equals(name)){
                if(pro.getProperty(name).equals(secret)){
                    System.out.println("登录成功");
                    f = 1;
                }else{
                    System.out.println("密码错误");
                    f = -1;
                }
            }else{
                System.out.println("登录失败");
                f = -1;
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    //注册方法
    public void writeProperties(String source,String name,String secret){

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        try {

            properties.load(new FileReader(source));
            if(properties.getProperty(name) == null){
                properties.setProperty(name, secret);
                properties.store(new FileWriter(source), "");
            }else{
                System.out.println("用户名已注册");
            }

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

四、对象序列化

Serializable接口是一个标记性接口，它告诉JVM将实现他的对象转换成一系列二进制字节，并可在以后完全恢复回原来的样子。

1、序列化对象的输出流 ObjectOutputStream 。Object
1、需要序列化的对象要实现接口 Serializable。
2、使用ObjectOutputStream 对象保存对象 方法使用wirteObject();
3、使用ObjectInputStream 把序列化文件还原为java对象 方法是 readObject

2、序列化解释
　　序列化是将对象状态转换为可保持或传输的格式的过程。与序列化相对的是反序列化，它将流转换为对象。这两个过程结合起来，可以轻松地存储和传输数据。

3、编辑本段序列化的目的
　　1、以某种存储形式使自定义对象持久化； 　　
2、将对象从一个地方传递到另一个地方。 方便网络传输　
　3、使程序更具维护性