《java学习笔记》之面向对象Super关键字

super

super()在构造方法中的使用

在构造方法的第一行如果没有this（）那么就会调用super()
super（）执行会调用父类的无参构造

//super()在构造方法中有什么用？
public class blogTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        B b1 =new B();
        B b2 =new B(2);
        /*A的无参构造执行
          B的无参构造执行
          A的无参构造执行
          B的有参构造执行*/
    }
}

class A{
    //A的无参构造
    public A(){
        System.out.println("A的无参构造执行");
    }

    //A的有参构造
    public A(int i){
        System.out.println("A的有参构造执行");
    }
}

class B extends A{
    public B(){
        System.out.println("B的无参构造执行");
    }

    public B(int i){
        System.out.println("B的有参构造执行");
    }
}

super（参数）怎么执行？

package caopeng.javase.blogTest;
//super()在构造方法中有什么用？
public class blogTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        B b1 =new B();
        B b2 =new B(2);
        /*A的有参构造执行
          B的无参构造执行
          A的无参构造执行
          B的有参构造执行*/
    }
}

class A{
    //A的无参构造
    public A(){
        System.out.println("A的无参构造执行");
    }

    //A的有参构造
    public A(int i){
        System.out.println("A的有参构造执行");
    }
}

class B extends A{
    public B(){
        super(1);
        System.out.println("B的无参构造执行");
    }

    public B(int i){
        System.out.println("B的有参构造执行");
    }
}

再来看两个例子
理解一下 this. 和super. 的区别

public class blogTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Vip vip =new Vip("张三");
        vip.shopping();
    }
}

class Customer{
    //封装
    private String name;

    //无参构造
    public Customer(){

    }
    //有参构造
    public Customer(String name){
        this.name =name;
    }

    //setter and getter
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
}

class Vip extends Customer{
    //构造方法
    public Vip(){

    }

    public Vip(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    //方法
    public void shopping(){
        System.out.println(this.getName() + " is shopping");
        System.out.println(super.getName() + " is shopping");
        System.out.println(getName() + " is shopping");
    }
}

运行结果：
张三 is shopping
张三 is shopping
张三 is shopping

但是如果代码变成这样呢？

public class blogTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Vip vip =new Vip("张三");
        vip.shopping();
    }
}

class Customer{
    //封装
    private String name;

    //无参构造
    public Customer(){

    }
    //有参构造
    public Customer(String name){
        this.name =name;
    }

    //setter and getter
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
}

class Vip extends Customer{
    //同名变量
    private String name;
    //构造方法
    public Vip(){

    }

    public Vip(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    //方法
    public void shopping(){
        System.out.println(this.getName() + " is shopping");
        System.out.println(super.getName() + " is shopping");
        System.out.println(getName() + " is shopping");
    }
}

运行结果变成
null is shopping
张三 is shopping
null is shopping

两个代码运行起来不一样的原因是
可以从内存图中看出

访问父类的方法：

public class blogTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cat cat = new Cat();
        cat.test();
    }
}

class Animal{
    public void move(){
        System.out.println("Animal is moving");
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal{
    public void move(){
        System.out.println("Cat is moving");
    }

    public void test(){
        this.move();
        super.move();
        move();
    }
}

运行结果：
Cat is moving
Animal is moving
Cat is moving