Criteria对SQL进行封装,让开发人员可以用物件的方式来对资料库进行操作,例如下面的查询User表格中的所有资料:
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
// 查询user所有栏位
List users = criteria.list();
Iterator iterator = users.iterator();
System.out.println("id /t name/age");
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
User user = (User) iterator.next();
System.out.println(user.getId() +
" /t " + user.getName() +
"/" + user.getAge());
}
Hibernate实际上使用以下的SQL来查询资料库:
select this_.id as id0_, this_.name as name0_0_, this_.age as age0_0_ from user this_
Criteria实际上只是个容器,如果想要设定查询条件,则要使用add()方法加入Restrictions的条件限制,例如查询age大于20且小于40的资料:
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
criteria.add(Restrictions.gt("age", new Integer(20)));
criteria.add(Restrictions.lt("age", new Integer(40)));
List users = criteria.list();
您也可以使用逻辑组合来进行查询,例如结合age等于(eq)20或(or)age为空(isNull)的条件:
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
criteria.add(Restrictions.or(
Restrictions.eq("age", new Integer(20)),
Restrictions.isNull("age")
));
List users = criteria.list();
也可以使用sqlRestriction()方法来提供SQL语法作限定查询,例如查询name以cater开头的资料:
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
criteria.add(Restrictions.sqlRestriction("{alias}.name LIKE (?)", "cater%", Hibernate.STRING));
List users = criteria.list();
其中alias将被替换为与User类别相关的名称,而?将被替换为cater%,也就是第二个参数所提供的值,在SQL撰写时,不必再写WHERE,如果有多个查询条件,例如BETWEEN子句的查询,则可以如下:
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(User.class);
Integer[] ages = {new Integer(20), new Integer(40)};
Type[] types = {Hibernate.INTEGER, Hibernate.INTEGER};
criteria.add(Restrictions.sqlRestriction("{alias}.age BETWEEN (?) AND (?)", ages, types));
List users = criteria.list();
Restrictions的几个常用限定查询方法如下表所示:
方法 | 说明 |
Restrictions.eq | 等于 |
Restrictions.allEq | 使用Map,使用key/value进行多个等于的比对 |
Restrictions.gt | 大于 > |
Restrictions.ge | 大于等于 >= |
Restrictions.lt | 小于 < |
Restrictions.le | 小于等于 <= |
Restrictions.between | 对应SQL的BETWEEN子句 |
Restrictions.like | 对应SQL的LIKE子句 |
Restrictions.in | 对应SQL的in子句 |
Restrictions.and | and关系 |
Restrictions.or | or关系 |
Restrictions.sqlRestriction | SQL限定查询 |
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