一些在国外网上找的面试的题

一个不错的国外网站，收录了很多英文java面试题，http://www.allapplabs.com/interview_questions/java_interview_questions.htm

一下转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/tryonmind/article/details/1626802

Question:

What is more advisable to create a thread, by implementing a Runnable interface or by extending Thread class?(donated in June 2005)
      
Answer:

Strategically speaking, threads created by implementing Runnable interface are more advisable. If you create a thread by extending a thread class, you cannot extend any other class. If you create a thread by implementing Runnable interface, you save a space for your class to extend another class now or in future.

Question:

An application needs to load a library before it starts to run, how to code?
        
Answer:

One option is to use a static block to load a library before anything is called. For example,

class Test {
   static {
       System.loadLibrary("path-to-library-file");
   }
   ....
}

When you call new Test(), the static block will be called first before any initialization happens. Note that the static block position may matter.     

Question:

        What is a platform?
        
Answer:

        A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. Most platforms can be described as a combination of the operating system and hardware, like Windows 2000 and XP, Linux, Solaris, and MacOS.
 
Question:

        What is the main difference between Java platform and other platforms?
        
Answer:

The Java platform differs from most other platforms in that it's a software-only platform that runs on top of other hardware-based platforms.

The Java platform has two components:

1. The Java Virtual Machine (Java VM)
2. The Java Application Programming Interface (Java API)
 
Question:

        What is the Java Virtual Machine?
        
Answer:

The Java Virtual Machine is a software that can be ported onto various hardware-based platforms.
 
Question:

        What is the Java API?
        
Answer:

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that provide many useful capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI) widgets.
 
Question:

        What is the package?
        
Answer:

The package is a Java namespace or part of Java libraries. The Java API is grouped into libraries of related classes and interfaces; these libraries are known as packages.
 
Question:

        What is native code?
        
Answer:

The native code is code that after you compile it, the compiled code runs on a specific hardware platform.
 
Question:

        Can main() method be overloaded?
        
Answer:

Yes. the main() method is a special method for a program entry. You can overload main() method in any ways. But if you change the signature of the main method, the entry point for the program will be gone.

Question:

        What is the serialization?
        
Answer:

The serialization is a kind of mechanism that makes a class or a bean persistence by having its properties or fields and state information saved and restored to and from storage.
       
Question:

        How to make a class or a bean serializable?
        
Answer:

By implementing either the java.io.Serializable interface, or the java.io.Externalizable interface. As long as one class in a class's inheritance hierarchy implements Serializable or Externalizable, that class is serializable. 

Question:

What is J2EE?
        
Answer:

J2EE is an environment for developing and deploying enterprise applications. The J2EE platform consists of a set of services, application programming interfaces (APIs), and protocols that provide the functionality for developing multitiered, web-based applications.

Question:

What are the four types of J2EE modules?
        
Answer:

1. Application client module
2. Web module
3. Enterprise JavaBeans module
4. Resource adapter module

Question:

What are the differences between Ear, Jar and War files? Under what circumstances should we use each one? (donated in April, 2005)
        
Answer:

There are no structural differences between the files; they are all archived using zip-jar compression. However, they are intended for different purposes.

--Jar files (files with a .jar extension) are intended to hold generic libraries of Java classes, resources, auxiliary files, etc.
--War files (files with a .war extension) are intended to contain complete Web applications. In this context, a Web application is defined as a single group of files, classes, resources, .jar files that can be packaged and accessed as one servlet context.
--Ear files (files with a .ear extension) are intended to contain complete enterprise applications. In this context, an enterprise application is defined as a collection of .jar files, resources, classes, and multiple Web applications.

Each type of file (.jar, .war, .ear) is processed uniquely by application servers, servlet containers, EJB containers, etc.       
 
Question:

What two protocols are used in Java RMI technology?       
        
Answer:

Java Object Serialization and HTTP. The Object Serialization protocol is used to marshal call and return data. The HTTP protocol is used to "POST" a remote method invocation and obtain return data when circumstances warrant. 

Question:
Explain for 10 to 15 minutes a technology or product that you are familiar with.(donated in April,2005)  
Answer:
This is to test the person's communication skill and technical skill. If you are really comfortable, start with a public domain technology like Struts or JUnit. If not, sometimes it is better to explain the product that you worked with rather than read about or studied.
 
Question:
Tell me about yourself? 
Answer:
 The first is focusing on the needs of the organization. The second is focusing on the needs of the people within that organization. Don't talk so much about strong points about yourself because your resume has already brought you at the interview site.
 
Question:
Why should we hire you? 
Answer:
Summarize your experiences: "With five years' experience working in this industry and my proven record of saving the company money, I could make a big difference in your company. I'm confident I would be a great addition to your team."

Question:
Why do you want to work here? 
Answer:
The interviewer is listening for an answer that indicates you've given this some thought and are not sending out resumes just because there is an opening. For example, "I've selected key companies whose mission statements are in line with my values, where I know I could be excited about what the company does, and this company is very high on my list of desirable choices."
 
Question:
What are your goals? 
Answer:
Sometimes it's best to talk about short-term and intermediate goals rather than locking yourself into the distant future. For example, "My immediate goal is to get a job in a growth-oriented company. My long-term goal will depend on where the company goes. I hope to eventually grow into a position of responsibility." 

Question:
Why did you leave (are you leaving) your job? 
Answer:
If you're unemployed, state your reason for leaving in a positive context: "I managed to survive two rounds of corporate downsizing, but the third round was a 20 percent reduction in the workforce, which included me."

If you are employed, focus on what you want in your next job: "After two years, I made the decision to look for a company that is team-focused, where I can add my experience." 

Question:
When were you most satisfied in your job? 
Answer:
The interviewer wants to know what motivates you. If you can relate an example of a job or project when you were excited, the interviewer will get an idea of your preferences. "I was very satisfied in my last job, because I worked directly with the customers and their problems; that is an important part of the job for me."
 
Question:
What can you do for us that other candidates can't? or
What makes you unique? 
Answer:
This will take an assessment of your experiences, skills and traits. Summarize concisely: "I have a unique combination of strong technical skills, and the ability to build strong customer relationships. This allows me to use my knowledge and break down information to be more user-friendly."
 
Question:
What are three positive things your last boss would say about you? 
Answer:
It's time to pull out your old performance appraisals and boss's quotes. This is a great way to brag about yourself through someone else's words: "My boss has told me that I am the best designer he has ever had. He knows he can rely on me, and he likes my sense of humor."
 
Question:
What salary are you seeking? 
Answer:
It is to your advantage if the employer tells you the range first. Prepare by knowing the going rate in your area, and your bottom line or walk-away point. One possible answer would be: "I am sure when the time comes, we can agree on a reasonable amount. In what range do you typically pay someone with my background?"

Question:

 What is ActionServlet?(donated in Nov.2005)
        
Answer:

 ActionServlet is the Command part of the MVC implementation and is the core of the Struts Framework. ActionServlet creates and uses Action, an ActionForm, and ActionForward. The struts-config.xml file configures the Command. During the creation of the Web project, Action and ActionForm are extended to solve the specific problem space. The file struts-config.xml instructs ActionServlet on how to use the extended classes. 
 
Question:
 What is Jakarta Struts Framework? (donated in Nov. 2005)
Answer:
 Jakarta Struts is an open source implementation of MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern for the development of web based applications. Jakarta Struts is robust architecture and can be used for the development of application of any size. Struts framework makes it much easier to design scalable, reliable Web applications with Java

Question:

 What is Struts?
        
Answer:

 Struts is a web page development framework and an open source software that helps developers build web applications quickly and easily. Struts combines Java Servlets, Java Server Pages, custom tags, and message resources into a unified framework. It is a cooperative, synergistic platform, suitable for development teams, independent developers, and everyone between. 

Question:

How is the MVC design pattern used in Struts framework? 
        
Answer:

In the MVC design pattern, application flow is mediated by a central Controller. The Controller delegates requests to an appropriate handler. The handlers are tied to a Model, and each handler acts as an adapter between the request and the Model. The Model represents, or encapsulates, an application's business logic or state. Control is usually then forwarded back through the Controller to the appropriate View. The forwarding can be determined by consulting a set of mappings, usually loaded from a database or configuration file. This provides a loose coupling between the View and Model, which can make an application significantly easier to create and maintain.

Controller--Servlet controller which supplied by Struts itself; View --- what you can see on the screen, a JSP page and presentation components; Model --- System state and a business logic JavaBeans.  

Question:

What are the core classes of Struts? 
        
Answer:

 Action, ActionForm, ActionServlet, ActionMapping, ActionForward are basic classes of Structs.
Question:

What is the design role played by Struts? 
        
Answer:

The role played by Structs is controller in Model/View/Controller(MVC) style. The View is played by JSP and Model is played by JDBC or generic data source classes. The Struts controller is a set of programmable components that allow developers to define exactly how the application interacts with the user.  

Question:

How Struts control data flow? 
        
Answer:

 Struts implements the MVC/Layers pattern through the use of ActionForwards and ActionMappings to keep control-flow decisions out of presentation layer.  
 
Question:

What configuration files are used in Struts?
        
Answer:

--ApplicationResourcesl.properties
--struts-config.xml

These two files are used to bridge the gap between the Controller and the Model.  
 
Question:

What helpers in the form of JSP pages are provided in Struts framework? 
        
Answer:

--struts-html.tld
--struts-bean.tld
--struts-logic.tld  
 
Question:

What is Servlet?
        
Answer:

A servlet is a Java technology-based Web component, managed by a container called servlet container or servlet engine, that generates dynamic content and interacts with web clients via a request//response paradigm.   
 
Question:

Why is Servlet so popular?
        
Answer:

Because servlets are platform-independent Java classes that are compiled to platform-neutral byte code that can be loaded dynamically into and run by a Java technology-enabled Web server.  
Question:

What is servlet container?
        
Answer:

The servlet container is a part of a Web server or application server that provides the network services over which requests and responses are sent, decodes MIME-based requests, and formats MIME-based responses. A servlet container also contains and manages servlets through their lifecycle.    
Question:

When a client request is sent to the servlet container, how does the container choose which servlet to invoke?
        
Answer:

The servlet container determines which servlet to invoke based on the configuration of its servlets, and calls it with objects representing the request and response.  
Question:

If a servlet is not properly initialized, what exception may be thrown?
        
Answer:

During initialization or service of a request, the servlet instance can throw an UnavailableException or a ServletException.      
 
Question:

Given the request path below, which are context path, servlet path and path info?
        
Answer:

/bookstore/education/index.html

context path: /bookstore
servlet path: /education
path info:    /index.html      
 
Question:

What is filter? Can filter be used as request or response?
        
Answer:

A filter is a reusable piece of code that can transform the content of HTTP requests,responses, and header information.
Filters do not generally create a response or respond to a request as servlets do, rather they modify or adapt the requests for a resource, and modify or adapt responses from a resource. 
Question:

 When using servlets to build the HTML, you build a DOCTYPE line, why do you do that?
        
Answer:

 I know all major browsers ignore it even though the HTML 3.2 and 4.0 specifications require it. But building a DOCTYPE line tells HTML validators which version of HTML you are using so they know which specification to check your document against. These validators are valuable debugging services, helping you catch HTML syntax errors.     
 
Question:

How do you call a bean method from a Javascript onclick handler? (donated in Oct,2005)
        
Answer:

This is a trick question. JavaScript onclick handler is usually handled on the client side and a bean method is handled on the server side. It is not possible to call a bean method from a Javascript onclick handler directly. Explain it why or ask back to clarify this question.     
 
Question:

What is a JSP and what is it used for? 
        
Answer:

Java Server Pages (JSP) is a platform independent presentation layer technology that comes with SUN s J2EE platform. JSPs are normal HTML pages with Java code pieces embedded in them. JSP pages are saved to *.jsp files. A JSP compiler is used in the background to generate a Servlet from the JSP page. 
Question:

What is JSP technology? 
        
Answer:

Java Server Page is a standard Java extension that is defined on top of the servlet Extensions. The goal of JSP is the simplified creation and management of dynamic Web pages. JSPs are secure, platform-independent, and best of all, make use of Java as a server-side scripting language.  
Question:

What is JSP page? 
        
Answer:

A JSP page is a text-based document that contains two types of text: static template data, which can be expressed in any text-based format such as HTML, SVG, WML, and XML, and JSP elements, which construct dynamic content.      
Question:

What are the implicit objects? 
        
Answer:

Implicit objects are objects that are created by the web container and contain information related to a particular request, page, or application. They are:

--request
--response
--pageContext
--session
--application
--out
--config
--page
--exception       
 
Q: What is the difference between an Interface and an Abstract class?
 
A: An abstract class can have instance methods that implement a default behavior. An Interface can only declare constants and instance methods, but cannot implement default behavior and all methods are implicitly abstract. An interface has all public members and no implementation. An abstract class is a class which may have the usual flavors of class members (private, protected, etc.), but has some abstract methods.
. 
  TOP 

Q: What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java, and when is it used?
 
A: The purpose of garbage collection is to identify and discard objects that are no longer needed by a program so that their resources can be reclaimed and reused. A Java object is subject to garbage collection when it becomes unreachable to the program in which it is used. 
  TOP 

Q: Describe synchronization in respect to multithreading.
 
A: With respect to multithreading, synchronization is the capability to control the access of multiple threads to shared resources. Without synchonization, it is possible for one thread to modify a shared variable while another thread is in the process of using or updating same shared variable. This usually leads to significant errors.  
  TOP 

Q: Explain different way of using thread?
 
A: The thread could be implemented by using runnable interface or by inheriting from the Thread class. The former is more advantageous, 'cause when you are going for multiple inheritance..the only interface can help.
  TOP 

Q: What are pass by reference and passby value?
 
A: Pass By Reference means the passing the address itself rather than passing the value. Passby Value means passing a copy of the value to be passed. 
  TOP 

Q: What is HashMap and Map?
 
A: Map is Interface and Hashmap is class that implements that.
  TOP 

Q: Difference between HashMap and HashTable?
 
A: The HashMap class is roughly equivalent to Hashtable, except that it is unsynchronized and permits nulls. (HashMap allows null values as key and value whereas Hashtable doesnt allow). HashMap does not guarantee that the order of the map will remain constant over time. HashMap is unsynchronized and Hashtable is synchronized. 
  TOP 

Q: Difference between Vector and ArrayList?
 
A: Vector is synchronized whereas arraylist is not.
  TOP 

Q: Difference between Swing and Awt?
 
A: AWT are heavy-weight componenets. Swings are light-weight components. Hence swing works faster than AWT.
  TOP 

Q: What is the difference between a constructor and a method?
 
A: A constructor is a member function of a class that is used to create objects of that class. It has the same name as the class itself, has no return type, and is invoked using the new operator.
A method is an ordinary member function of a class. It has its own name, a return type (which may be void), and is invoked using the dot operator.
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Q: What is an Iterator?
 
A: Some of the collection classes provide traversal of their contents via a java.util.Iterator interface. This interface allows you to walk through a collection of objects, operating on each object in turn. Remember when using Iterators that they contain a snapshot of the collection at the time the Iterator was obtained; generally it is not advisable to modify the collection itself while traversing an Iterator.
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Q: State the significance of public, private, protected, default modifiers both singly and in combination and state the effect of package relationships on declared items qualified by these modifiers.
 
A: public : Public class is visible in other packages, field is visible everywhere (class must be public too)
private : Private variables or methods may be used only by an instance of the same class that declares the variable or method, A private feature may only be accessed by the class that owns the feature.
protected : Is available to all classes in the same package and also available to all subclasses of the class that owns the protected feature.This access is provided even to subclasses that reside in a different package from the class that owns the protected feature.
default :What you get by default ie, without any access modifier (ie, public private or protected).It means that it is visible to all within a particular package.
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Q: What is an abstract class?
 
A: Abstract class must be extended/subclassed (to be useful). It serves as a template. A class that is abstract may not be instantiated (ie, you may not call its constructor), abstract class may contain static data. Any class with an abstract method is automatically abstract itself, and must be declared as such.
A class may be declared abstract even if it has no abstract methods. This prevents it from being instantiated.
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Q: What is static in java?
 
A: Static means one per class, not one for each object no matter how many instance of a class might exist. This means that you can use them without creating an instance of a class.Static methods are implicitly final, because overriding is done based on the type of the object, and static methods are attached to a class, not an object. A static method in a superclass can be shadowed by another static method in a subclass, as long as the original method was not declared final. However, you can't override a static method with a nonstatic method. In other words, you can't change a static method into an instance method in a subclass.
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Q: What is final?
 
A: A final class can't be extended ie., final class may not be subclassed. A final method can't be overridden when its class is inherited. You can't change value of a final variable (is a constant).
Q: What if the main method is declared as private?
 
A: The program compiles properly but at runtime it will give "Main method not public." message.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What if the static modifier is removed from the signature of the main method?
 
A: Program compiles. But at runtime throws an error "NoSuchMethodError". 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What if I write static public void instead of public static void?
 
A: Program compiles and runs properly. 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What if I do not provide the String array as the argument to the method?
 
A: Program compiles but throws a runtime error "NoSuchMethodError". 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the first argument of the String array in main method?
 
A: The String array is empty. It does not have any element. This is unlike C/C++ where the first element by default is the program name.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: If I do not provide any arguments on the command line, then the String array of Main method will be empty or null?
 
A: It is empty. But not null.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: How can one prove that the array is not null but empty using one line of code?
 
A: Print args.length. It will print 0. That means it is empty. But if it would have been null then it would have thrown a NullPointerException on attempting to print args.length.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What environment variables do I need to set on my machine in order to be able to run Java programs?
 
A: CLASSPATH and PATH are the two variables.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Can an application have multiple classes having main method?
 
A: Yes it is possible. While starting the application we mention the class name to be run. The JVM will look for the Main method only in the class whose name you have mentioned. Hence there is not conflict amongst the multiple classes having main method.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Can I have multiple main methods in the same class?
 
A: No the program fails to compile. The compiler says that the main method is already defined in the class.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Do I need to import java.lang package any time? Why ?
 
A: No. It is by default loaded internally by the JVM.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Can I import same package/class twice? Will the JVM load the package twice at runtime?
 
A: One can import the same package or same class multiple times. Neither compiler nor JVM complains abt it. And the JVM will internally load the class only once no matter how many times you import the same class.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What are Checked and UnChecked Exception?
 
A: A checked exception is some subclass of Exception (or Exception itself), excluding class RuntimeException and its subclasses.
Making an exception checked forces client programmers to deal with the possibility that the exception will be thrown. eg, IOException thrown by java.io.FileInputStream's read() method·
Unchecked exceptions are RuntimeException and any of its subclasses. Class Error and its subclasses also are unchecked. With an unchecked exception, however, the compiler doesn't force client programmers either to catch the
exception or declare it in a throws clause. In fact, client programmers may not even know that the exception could be thrown. eg, StringIndexOutOfBoundsException thrown by String's charAt() method· Checked exceptions must be caught at compile time. Runtime exceptions do not need to be. Errors often cannot be.
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Q: What is Overriding?
 
A: When a class defines a method using the same name, return type, and arguments as a method in its superclass, the method in the class overrides the method in the superclass.
When the method is invoked for an object of the class, it is the new definition of the method that is called, and not the method definition from superclass. Methods may be overridden to be more public, not more private. 
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Q: What are different types of inner classes?
 
A: Nested top-level classes, Member classes, Local classes, Anonymous classes

Nested top-level classes- If you declare a class within a class and specify the static modifier, the compiler treats the class just like any other top-level class.
Any class outside the declaring class accesses the nested class with the declaring class name acting similarly to a package. eg, outer.inner. Top-level inner classes implicitly have access only to static variables.There can also be inner interfaces. All of these are of the nested top-level variety.

Member classes - Member inner classes are just like other member methods and member variables and access to the member class is restricted, just like methods and variables. This means a public member class acts similarly to a nested top-level class. The primary difference between member classes and nested top-level classes is that member classes have access to the specific instance of the enclosing class.

Local classes - Local classes are like local variables, specific to a block of code. Their visibility is only within the block of their declaration. In order for the class to be useful beyond the declaration block, it would need to implement a
more publicly available interface.Because local classes are not members, the modifiers public, protected, private, and static are not usable.

Anonymous classes - Anonymous inner classes extend local inner classes one level further. As anonymous classes have no name, you cannot provide a constructor.
 
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Q: Are the imports checked for validity at compile time? e.g. will the code containing an import such as java.lang.ABCD compile?
 
A: Yes the imports are checked for the semantic validity at compile time. The code containing above line of import will not compile. It will throw an error saying,can not resolve symbol
symbol : class ABCD
location: package io
import java.io.ABCD; 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Does importing a package imports the subpackages as well? e.g. Does importing com.MyTest.* also import com.MyTest.UnitTests.*?
 
A: No you will have to import the subpackages explicitly. Importing com.MyTest.* will import classes in the package MyTest only. It will not import any class in any of it's subpackage.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the difference between declaring a variable and defining a variable?
 
A: In declaration we just mention the type of the variable and it's name. We do not initialize it. But defining means declaration + initialization.
e.g String s; is just a declaration while String s = new String ("abcd"); Or String s = "abcd"; are both definitions.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the default value of an object reference declared as an instance variable?
 
A: null unless we define it explicitly.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Can a top level class be private or protected?
 
A: No. A top level class can not be private or protected. It can have either "public" or no modifier. If it does not have a modifier it is supposed to have a default access.If a top level class is declared as private the compiler will complain that the "modifier private is not allowed here". This means that a top level class can not be private. Same is the case with protected.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What type of parameter passing does Java support?
 
A: In Java the arguments are always passed by value .
  [ Update from Eki and Jyothish Venu]  TOP

Q: Primitive data types are passed by reference or pass by value?
 
A: Primitive data types are passed by value.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Objects are passed by value or by reference?
 
A: Java only supports pass by value. With objects, the object reference itself is passed by value and so both the original reference and parameter copy both refer to the same object .
  [ Update from Eki and Jyothish Venu]  TOP

Q: What is serialization?
 
A: Serialization is a mechanism by which you can save the state of an object by converting it to a byte stream.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: How do I serialize an object to a file?
 
A: The class whose instances are to be serialized should implement an interface Serializable. Then you pass the instance to the ObjectOutputStream which is connected to a fileoutputstream. This will save the object to a file.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Which methods of Serializable interface should I implement?
 
A: The serializable interface is an empty interface, it does not contain any methods. So we do not implement any methods.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: How can I customize the seralization process? i.e. how can one have a control over the serialization process?
 
A: Yes it is possible to have control over serialization process. The class should implement Externalizable interface. This interface contains two methods namely readExternal and writeExternal. You should implement these methods and write the logic for customizing the serialization process.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the common usage of serialization?
 
A: Whenever an object is to be sent over the network, objects need to be serialized. Moreover if the state of an object is to be saved, objects need to be serilazed.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is Externalizable interface?
 
A: Externalizable is an interface which contains two methods readExternal and writeExternal. These methods give you a control over the serialization mechanism. Thus if your class implements this interface, you can customize the serialization process by implementing these methods.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: When you serialize an object, what happens to the object references included in the object?
 
A: The serialization mechanism generates an object graph for serialization. Thus it determines whether the included object references are serializable or not. This is a recursive process. Thus when an object is serialized, all the included objects are also serialized alongwith the original obect.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What one should take care of while serializing the object?
 
A: One should make sure that all the included objects are also serializable. If any of the objects is not serializable then it throws a NotSerializableException.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What happens to the static fields of a class during serialization?
 
A: There are three exceptions in which serialization doesnot necessarily read and write to the stream. These are
1. Serialization ignores static fields, because they are not part of ay particular state state.
2. Base class fields are only hendled if the base class itself is serializable.
3. Transient fields.
 
Q: Does Java provide any construct to find out the size of an object?
 
A: No there is not sizeof operator in Java. So there is not direct way to determine the size of an object directly in Java.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Give a simplest way to find out the time a method takes for execution without using any profiling tool?
 
A: Read the system time just before the method is invoked and immediately after method returns. Take the time difference, which will give you the time taken by a method for execution.
To put it in code...

long start = System.currentTimeMillis ();
method ();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis ();

System.out.println ("Time taken for execution is " + (end - start));

Remember that if the time taken for execution is too small, it might show that it is taking zero milliseconds for execution. Try it on a method which is big enough, in the sense the one which is doing considerable amout of processing.
 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What are wrapper classes?
 
A: Java provides specialized classes corresponding to each of the primitive data types. These are called wrapper classes. They are e.g. Integer, Character, Double etc.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Why do we need wrapper classes?
 
A: It is sometimes easier to deal with primitives as objects. Moreover most of the collection classes store objects and not primitive data types. And also the wrapper classes provide many utility methods also. Because of these resons we need wrapper classes. And since we create instances of these classes we can store them in any of the collection classes and pass them around as a collection. Also we can pass them around as method parameters where a method expects an object.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What are checked exceptions?
 
A: Checked exception are those which the Java compiler forces you to catch. e.g. IOException are checked Exceptions.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What are runtime exceptions?
 
A: Runtime exceptions are those exceptions that are thrown at runtime because of either wrong input data or because of wrong business logic etc. These are not checked by the compiler at compile time.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the difference between error and an exception?
 
A: An error is an irrecoverable condition occurring at runtime. Such as OutOfMemory error. These JVM errors and you can not repair them at runtime. While exceptions are conditions that occur because of bad input etc. e.g. FileNotFoundException will be thrown if the specified file does not exist. Or a NullPointerException will take place if you try using a null reference. In most of the cases it is possible to recover from an exception (probably by giving user a feedback for entering proper values etc.).
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: How to create custom exceptions?
 
A: Your class should extend class Exception, or some more specific type thereof.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: If I want an object of my class to be thrown as an exception object, what should I do?
 
A: The class should extend from Exception class. Or you can extend your class from some more precise exception type also.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: If my class already extends from some other class what should I do if I want an instance of my class to be thrown as an exception object?
 
A: One can not do anytihng in this scenarion. Because Java does not allow multiple inheritance and does not provide any exception interface as well.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: How does an exception permeate through the code?
 
A: An unhandled exception moves up the method stack in search of a matching When an exception is thrown from a code which is wrapped in a try block followed by one or more catch blocks, a search is made for matching catch block. If a matching type is found then that block will be invoked. If a matching type is not found then the exception moves up the method stack and reaches the caller method. Same procedure is repeated if the caller method is included in a try catch block. This process continues until a catch block handling the appropriate type of exception is found. If it does not find such a block then finally the program terminates.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What are the different ways to handle exceptions?
 
A: There are two ways to handle exceptions,
1. By wrapping the desired code in a try block followed by a catch block to catch the exceptions. and
2. List the desired exceptions in the throws clause of the method and let the caller of the method hadle those exceptions.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the basic difference between the 2 approaches to exception handling.
1> try catch block and
2> specifying the candidate exceptions in the throws clause?
When should you use which approach?
 
A: In the first approach as a programmer of the method, you urself are dealing with the exception. This is fine if you are in a best position to decide should be done in case of an exception. Whereas if it is not the responsibility of the method to deal with it's own exceptions, then do not use this approach. In this case use the second approach. In the second approach we are forcing the caller of the method to catch the exceptions, that the method is likely to throw. This is often the approach library creators use. They list the exception in the throws clause and we must catch them. You will find the same approach throughout the java libraries we use.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Is it necessary that each try block must be followed by a catch block?
 
A: It is not necessary that each try block must be followed by a catch block. It should be followed by either a catch block OR a finally block. And whatever exceptions are likely to be thrown should be declared in the throws clause of the method.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: If I write return at the end of the try block, will the finally block still execute?
 
A: Yes even if you write return as the last statement in the try block and no exception occurs, the finally block will execute. The finally block will execute and then the control return.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: If I write System.exit (0); at the end of the try block, will the finally block still execute?
 
A: No in this case the finally block will not execute because when you say System.exit (0); the control immediately goes out of the program, and thus finally never executes.
Q: How are Observer and Observable used?
 
A: Objects that subclass the Observable class maintain a list of observers. When an Observable object is updated it invokes the update() method of each of its observers to notify the observers that it has changed state. The Observer interface is implemented by objects that observe Observable objects.
  [Received from Venkateswara Manam]  TOP

Q: What is synchronization and why is it important?
 
A: With respect to multithreading, synchronization is the capability to control
the access of multiple threads to shared resources. Without synchronization, it is possible for one thread to modify a shared object while another thread is in the process of using or updating that object's value. This often leads to significant errors.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam]  TOP

Q: How does Java handle integer overflows and underflows?
 
A: It uses those low order bytes of the result that can fit into the size of the type allowed by the operation.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: Does garbage collection guarantee that a program will not run out of memory?
 
A: Garbage collection does not guarantee that a program will not run out of memory. It is possible for programs to use up memory resources faster than they are garbage collected. It is also possible for programs to create objects that are not subject to garbage collection
.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing?
 
A: Under preemptive scheduling, the highest priority task executes until it enters the waiting or dead states or a higher priority task comes into existence. Under time slicing, a task executes for a predefined slice of time and then reenters the pool of ready tasks. The scheduler then determines which task should execute next, based on priority and other factors.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: When a thread is created and started, what is its initial state?
 
A: A thread is in the ready state after it has been created and started.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is the purpose of finalization?
 
A: The purpose of finalization is to give an unreachable object the opportunity to perform any cleanup processing before the object is garbage collected.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is the Locale class?
 
A: The Locale class is used to tailor program output to the conventions of a particular geographic, political, or cultural region.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is the difference between a while statement and a do statement?
 
A: A while statement checks at the beginning of a loop to see whether the next loop iteration should occur. A do statement checks at the end of a loop to see whether the next iteration of a loop should occur. The do statement will always execute the body of a loop at least once.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is the difference between static and non-static variables?
 
A: A static variable is associated with the class as a whole rather than with specific instances of a class. Non-static variables take on unique values with each object instance.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: How are this() and super() used with constructors?
 
A: This() is used to invoke a constructor of the same class. super() is used to invoke a superclass constructor.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What are synchronized methods and synchronized statements?
 
A: Synchronized methods are methods that are used to control access to an object. A thread only executes a synchronized method after it has acquired the lock for the method's object or class. Synchronized statements are similar to synchronized methods. A synchronized statement can only be executed after a thread has acquired the lock for the object or class referenced in the synchronized statement.
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What is daemon thread and which method is used to create the daemon thread?
 
A: Daemon thread is a low priority thread which runs intermittently in the back ground doing the garbage collection operation for the java runtime system. setDaemon method is used to create a daemon thread.
  [ Received from Shipra Kamra] TOP

Q: Can applets communicate with each other?
 
A: At this point in time applets may communicate with other applets running in the same virtual machine. If the applets are of the same class, they can communicate via shared static variables. If the applets are of different classes, then each will need a reference to the same class with static variables. In any case the basic idea is to pass the information back and forth through a static variable.

An applet can also get references to all other applets on the same page using the getApplets() method of java.applet.AppletContext. Once you get the reference to an applet, you can communicate with it by using its public members.

It is conceivable to have applets in different virtual machines that talk to a server somewhere on the Internet and store any data that needs to be serialized there. Then, when another applet needs this data, it could connect to this same server. Implementing this is non-trivial. 
  [ Received from Krishna Kumar ] TOP

Q: What are the steps in the JDBC connection?
 
A:   While making a JDBC connection we go through the following steps :

Step 1 : Register the database driver by using :
Class.forName(/" driver classs for that specific database/" );

Step 2 : Now create a database connection using :

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);

Step 3: Now Create a query using :

Statement stmt = Connection.Statement(/"select * from TABLE NAME/");

Step 4 : Exceute the query :

stmt.exceuteUpdate();

 
  [ Received from Shri Prakash Kunwar] TOP

Q: How does a try statement determine which catch clause should be used to handle an exception?
 
A: When an exception is thrown within the body of a try statement, the catch clauses of the try statement are examined in the order in which they appear. The first catch clause that is capable of handling the exceptionis executed. The remaining catch clauses are ignored.

 
Q: Can an unreachable object become reachable again?
 
A: An unreachable object may become reachable again. This can happen when the object's finalize() method is invoked and the object performs an operation which causes it to become accessible to reachable objects.
  [Received from P Rajesh]  TOP

Q: What method must be implemented by all threads?
 
A: All tasks must implement the run() method, whether they are a subclass of Thread or implement the Runnable interface.
 
  [ Received from P Rajesh]  TOP

Q: What are synchronized methods and synchronized statements?
 
A: Synchronized methods are methods that are used to control access to an object. A thread only executes a synchronized method after it has acquired the lock for the method's object or class. Synchronized statements are similar to synchronized methods. A synchronized statement can only be executed after a thread has acquired the lock for the object or class referenced in the synchronized statement.
 
  [ Received from P Rajesh] TOP

Q: What is Externalizable?
 
A: Externalizable is an Interface that extends Serializable Interface. And sends data into Streams in Compressed Format. It has two methods, writeExternal(ObjectOuput out) and readExternal(ObjectInput in) 
  [ Received from Venkateswara Manam] TOP

Q: What modifiers are allowed for methods in an Interface?
 
A: Only public and abstract modifiers are allowed for methods in interfaces.
 
  [ Received from P Rajesh] TOP

Q: What are some alternatives to inheritance?
 
A: Delegation is an alternative to inheritance. Delegation means that you include an instance of another class as an instance variable, and forward messages to the instance. It is often safer than inheritance because it forces you to think about each message you forward, because the instance is of a known class, rather than a new class, and because it doesn't force you to accept all the methods of the super class: you can provide only the methods that really make sense. On the other hand, it makes you write more code, and it is harder to re-use (because it is not a subclass).
 
  [ Received from P Rajesh] TOP

Q: What does it mean that a method or field is "static"?
 
A: Static variables and methods are instantiated only once per class. In other words they are class variables, not instance variables. If you change the value of a static variable in a particular object, the value of that variable changes for all instances of that class.
Static methods can be referenced with the name of the class rather than the name of a particular object of the class (though that works too). That's how library methods like System.out.println() work out is a static field in the java.lang.System class.

 
  [ Received from P Rajesh] TOP

Q: What is the difference between preemptive scheduling and time slicing?
 
A: Under preemptive scheduling, the highest priority task executes until it enters the waiting or dead states or a higher priority task comes into existence. Under time slicing, a task executes for a predefined slice of time and then reenters the pool of ready tasks. The scheduler then determines which task should execute next, based on priority and other factors.
 
  [ Received from P Rajesh] TOP

Q: What is the catch or declare rule for method declarations?
 
A: If a checked exception may be thrown within the body of a method, the method must either catch the exception or declare it in its throws clause.
 
Q: Is Empty .java file a valid source file?
 
A: Yes, an empty .java file is a perfectly valid source file.
  [Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Can a .java file contain more than one java classes?
 
A: Yes, a .java file contain more than one java classes, provided at the most one of them is a public class.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: Is String a primitive data type in Java?
 
A: No String is not a primitive data type in Java, even though it is one of the most extensively used object. Strings in Java are instances of String class defined in java.lang package.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Is main a keyword in Java?
 
A: No, main is not a keyword in Java. 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: Is next a keyword in Java?
 
A: No, next is not a keyword. 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Is delete a keyword in Java?
 
A: No, delete is not a keyword in Java. Java does not make use of explicit destructors the way C++ does.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: Is exit a keyword in Java?
 
A: No. To exit a program explicitly you use exit method in System object.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: What happens if you dont initialize an instance variable of any of the primitive types in Java?
 
A: Java by default initializes it to the default value for that primitive type. Thus an int will be initialized to 0, a boolean will be initialized to false. 
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: What will be the initial value of an object reference which is defined as an instance variable?
 
A: The object references are all initialized to null in Java. However in order to do anything useful with these references, you must set them to a valid object, else you will get NullPointerExceptions everywhere you try to use such default initialized references.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: What are the different scopes for Java variables?
 
A: The scope of a Java variable is determined by the context in which the variable is declared. Thus a java variable can have one of the three scopes at any given point in time.
1. Instance : - These are typical object level variables, they are initialized to default values at the time of creation of object, and remain accessible as long as the object accessible.
2. Local : - These are the variables that are defined within a method. They remain accessbile only during the course of method excecution. When the method finishes execution, these variables fall out of scope.
3. Static: - These are the class level variables. They are initialized when the class is loaded in JVM for the first time and remain there as long as the class remains loaded. They are not tied to any particular object instance.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale]  TOP

Q: What is the default value of the local variables?
 
A: The local variables are not initialized to any default value, neither primitives nor object references. If you try to use these variables without initializing them explicitly, the java compiler will not compile the code. It will complain abt the local varaible not being initilized..
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: How many objects are created in the following piece of code?
MyClass c1, c2, c3;
c1 = new MyClass ();
c3 = new MyClass ();

 
A: Only 2 objects are created, c1 and c3. The reference c2 is only declared and not initialized.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: Can a public class MyClass be defined in a source file named YourClass.java?
 
A: No the source file name, if it contains a public class, must be the same as the public class name itself with a .java extension.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: Can main method be declared final?
 
A: Yes, the main method can be declared final, in addition to being public static.
  [ Received fromSandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: What will be the output of the following statement?
System.out.println ("1" + 3);
 
A: It will print 13.
  [ Received from Sandesh Sadhale] TOP

Q: What will be the default values of all the elements of an array defined as an instance variable?
 
A: If the array is an array of primitive types, then all the elements of the array will be initialized to the default value corresponding to that primitive type. e.g. All the elements of an array of int will be initialized to 0, while that of boolean type will be initialized to false. Whereas if the array is an array of references (of any type), all the elements will be initialized to null. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Questions start the minute the interview does, and to show that you are an exceptional candidate, you need to be prepared to answer not only the typical questions, but also the unexpected. You can expect questions regarding your qualifications, your academic preparation, career interests, experience, and ones that assess your personality. 
1. Tell me about yourself
The most often asked question in interviews. You need to have a short statement prepared in your mind. Be careful that it does not sound rehearsed. Limit it to work-related items unless instructed otherwise. Talk about things you have done and jobs you have held that relate to the position you are interviewing for. Start with the item farthest back and work up to the present.

2. Why did you leave your last job?
Stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never refer to a major problem with management and never speak ill of supervisors, co-workers or the organization. If you do, you will be the one looking bad. Keep smiling and talk about leaving for a positive reason such as an opportunity, a chance to do something special or other forward-looking reasons.

3. What experience do you have in this field?
Speak about specifics that relate to the position you are applying for. If you do not have specific experience, get as close as you can.

4. Do you consider yourself successful?
You should always answer yes and briefly explain why. A good explanation is that you have set goals, and you have met some and are on track to achieve the others.

5. What do co-workers say about you?
Be prepared with a quote or two from co-workers. Either a specific statement or a paraphrase will work.

6. What do you know about this organization?
This question is one reason to do some research on the organization before the interview. Find out where they have been and where they are going. What are the current issues and who are the major players?

7. What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?
Try to include improvement activities that relate to the job. A wide variety of activities can be mentioned as positive self-improvement. Have some good ones handy to mention.

8. Are you applying for other jobs?
Be honest but do not spend a lot of time in this area. Keep the focus on this job and what you can do for this organization. Anything else is a distraction.

9. Why do you want to work for this organization?
This may take some thought and certainly, should be based on the research you have done on the organization. Sincerity is extremely important here and will easily be sensed. Relate it to your long-term career goals.

10. Do you know anyone who works for us?
Be aware of the policy on relatives working for the organization. This can affect your answer even though they asked about friends not relatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if they are well thought of.

11. What kind of salary do you need?
A loaded question. A nasty little game that you will probably lose if you answer first. So, do not answer it. Instead, say something like, That's a tough question. Can you tell me the range for this position? In most cases, the interviewer, taken off guard, will tell you. If not, say that it can depend on the details of the job. Then give a wide range.

12. Are you a team player?
You are, of course, a team player. Be sure to have examples ready. Specifics that show you often perform for the good of the team rather than for yourself are good evidence of your team attitude. Do not brag, just say it in a matter-of-fact tone. This is a key point.

13. How long would you expect to work for us if hired?
Specifics here are not good. Something like this should work: I'd like it to be a long time. Or As long as we both feel I'm doing a good job.

14. Have you ever had to fire anyone? How did you feel about that?
This is serious. Do not make light of it or in any way seem like you like to fire people. At the same time, you will do it when it is the right thing to do. When it comes to the organization versus the individual who has created a harmful situation, you will protect the organization. Remember firing is not the same as layoff or reduction in force.

15. What is your philosophy towards work?
The interviewer is not looking for a long or flowery dissertation here. Do you have strong feelings that the job gets done? Yes. That's the type of answer that works best here. Short and positive, showing a benefit to the organization.

16. If you had enough money to retire right now, would you?
Answer yes if you would. But since you need to work, this is the type of work you prefer. Do not say yes if you do not mean it.

17. Have you ever been asked to leave a position?
If you have not, say no. If you have, be honest, brief and avoid saying negative things about the people or organization involved.

18. Explain how you would be an asset to this organization
You should be anxious for this question. It gives you a chance to highlight your best points as they relate to the position being discussed. Give a little advance thought to this relationship.

19. Why should we hire you?
Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do not mention any other candidates to make a comparison.

20. Tell me about a suggestion you have made
Have a good one ready. Be sure and use a suggestion that was accepted and was then considered successful. One related to the type of work applied for is a real plus.

21. What irritates you about co-workers?
This is a trap question. Think real hard but fail to come up with anything that irritates you. A short statement that you seem to get along with folks is great.

22. What is your greatest strength?
Numerous answers are good, just stay positive. A few good examples: Your ability to prioritize, Your problem-solving skills, Your ability to work under pressure, Your ability to focus on projects, Your professional expertise, Your leadership skills, Your positive attitude .

23. Tell me about your dream job.
Stay away from a specific job. You cannot win. If you say the job you are contending for is it, you strain credibility. If you say another job is it, you plant the suspicion that you will be dissatisfied with this position if hired. The best is to stay genetic and say something like: A job where I love the work, like the people, can contribute and can't wait to get to work.

24. Why do you think you would do well at this job?
Give several reasons and include skills, experience and interest.

25. What are you looking for in a job?
See answer # 23

26. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?
Do not be trivial. It would take disloyalty to the organization, violence or lawbreaking to get you to object. Minor objections will label you as a whiner.

27. What is more important to you: the money or the work?
Money is always important, but the work is the most important. There is no better answer.

28. What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?
There are numerous good possibilities: Loyalty, Energy, Positive attitude, Leadership, Team player, Expertise, Initiative, Patience, Hard work, Creativity, Problem solver

29. Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisor
Biggest trap of all. This is a test to see if you will speak ill of your boss. If you fall for it and tell about a problem with a former boss, you may well below the interview right there. Stay positive and develop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

30. What has disappointed you about a job?
Don't get trivial or negative. Safe areas are few but can include: Not enough of a challenge. You were laid off in a reduction Company did not win a contract, which would have given you more responsibility.

31. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.
You may say that you thrive under certain types of pressure. Give an example that relates to the type of position applied for.

32. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?
Probably this one. Do not give fuel to the suspicion that you may want another job more than this one.

33. What motivates you to do your best on the job?
This is a personal trait that only you can say, but good examples are: Challenge, Achievement, Recognition

34. Are you willing to work overtime? Nights? Weekends?
This is up to you. Be totally honest.

35. How would you know you were successful on this job?
Several ways are good measures: You set high standards for yourself and meet them. Your outcomes are a success.Your boss tell you that you are successful

36. Would you be willing to relocate if required?
You should be clear on this with your family prior to the interview if you think there is a chance it may come up. Do not say yes just to get the job if the real answer is no. This can create a lot of problems later on in your career. Be honest at this point and save yourself future grief.

37. Are you willing to put the interests of the organization ahead of your own?
This is a straight loyalty and dedication question. Do not worry about the deep ethical and philosophical implications. Just say yes.

38. Describe your management style.
Try to avoid labels. Some of the more common labels, like progressive, salesman or consensus, can have several meanings or descriptions depending on which management expert you listen to. The situational style is safe, because it says you will manage according to the situation, instead of one size fits all.

39. What have you learned from mistakes on the job?
Here you have to come up with something or you strain credibility. Make it small, well intentioned mistake with a positive lesson learned. An example would be working too far ahead of colleagues on a project and thus throwing coordination off.

40. Do you have any blind spots?
Trick question. If you know about blind spots, they are no longer blind spots. Do not reveal any personal areas of concern here. Let them do their own discovery on your bad points. Do not hand it to them.

41. If you were hiring a person for this job, what would you look for?
Be careful to mention traits that are needed and that you have.

42. Do you think you are overqualified for this position?
Regardless of your qualifications, state that you are very well qualified for the position.

43. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?
First, if you have experience that the interviewer does not know about, bring that up: Then, point out (if true) that you are a hard working quick learner.

44. What qualities do you look for in a boss?
Be generic and positive. Safe qualities are knowledgeable, a sense of humor, fair, loyal to subordinates and holder of high standards. All bosses think they have these traits.

45. Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute between others.
Pick a specific incident. Concentrate on your problem solving technique and not the dispute you settled.

46. What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?
Be honest. If you are comfortable in different roles, point that out.

47. Describe your work ethic.
Emphasize benefits to the organization. Things like, determination to get the job done and work hard but enjoy your work are good.

48. What has been your biggest professional disappointment?
Be sure that you refer to something that was beyond your control. Show acceptance and no negative feelings.

49. Tell me about the most fun you have had on the job.
Talk about having fun by accomplishing something for the organization.

50. Do you have any questions for me?
Always have some questions prepared. Questions prepared where you will be an asset to the organization are good. How soon will I be able to be productive? and What type of projects will I be able to assist on? are examples.