CentOS 6.5 静默安装 Oracle11g（离线）

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 00:30:54 发布

DickFour

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-10 00:30:54 发布

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在linux系统中安装oracle是一个常见的任务。基于环境要求，有些系统不能连接互联网，使用也有一定的限制。在此分享下CentOS6.5离线安装Oracle的步骤。主要分为，相关环境的安装，系统环境的修改，创建Oracle用户及授权，执行静默安装。

1.首关先检查相依赖环境是否缺失

1.1 检查依赖环境

rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst  make sysstat  unixODBC unixODBC-devel

1.2 缺失的环境使用yum -y install安装例如：

yum -y install gcc

（如不能联网，可以参照下面的步骤1.3配置本地仓库）

1.3 yum仓库配置步骤（如果环境不能联网）

1.3.1 先下载对应的系统ISO镜像，之后，使用mount命令进行挂载。注意：最好使用同版本系统，如果实在没有也可以使用低版本系统镜像，切不可使用高版本镜像。

    示例：mount -o loop /mnt/iso/CentOS5.iso  /mnt/cdrom

1.3.2 修改yum的配置文件，使用本地ISO做yum源：

移走/etc/yum.repos.d/下的全部文件，添加CentOS-Base.repo，写法如下（在baseurl和gpgkey后面替换成你挂载镜像所在路径）：

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

1.3.3清理缓存和测试

先输入 clean all，在输入list（如下）便可看到镜像中的包。然后就可以使用yum install安装相关内容了

yum clean all;
yum list;

2.修改系统环境

2.1修改内核参数

修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件，例如

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
#
# Use '/sbin/sysctl -a' to list all possible parameters.

# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename.
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmax = 65536

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 4294967296

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6553600

3.2修改用户限制

修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件（可以参考如下示例）：

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - a user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open file descriptors
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#

#*               soft    core            0
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#@student        -       maxlogins       4

# End of file
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240

修改/etc/pam.d/login文件（可以参考如下示例）：

#%PAM-1.0
auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore default=bad] pam_securetty.so
auth       include      system-auth
account    required     pam_nologin.so
account    include      system-auth
password   include      system-auth
# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule
session    required     pam_selinux.so close
session    required     pam_loginuid.so
session    optional     pam_console.so
# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context
session    required     pam_selinux.so open
session    required     pam_namespace.so
session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke
session    include      system-auth
-session   optional     pam_ck_connector.so
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

修改/etc/porfile文件，在后面增加如下内容：

   if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

使用source /etc/profile命令使环境生效。

修改主机host名（可不修改）

修改 /etc/hosts信息，例如：

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.0.0.8   indb37

3 创建Oracle用户及授权

由于ORACLE安装不能使用root用户，在此创建oracle用户，作为数据库用户。

3.1 创建oracle用户及用户组

groupadd oinstall

groupadd dba

useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

3.2 创建安装目录

创建oracle安装目录，例如/u01/oracle。

mkdir /u01/oracle。

修改/etc/oraInst.loc文件（可以参考下面示例）:

inventory_loc=/u01/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

3.3 赋予用户组权限

文件目录授权例如

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle

文件授权例如

chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc

chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc

3.5设置oracle环境变量

3.4 设置oracle环境变量

切换为oracle用户

su - oracle （用户变为oracle 可以用exit命令退出）

修改bash_profile文件（可以使用vim 例如vi .bash_profile 键用I开始插入编辑，ESC后键入:wq保存退出）

添加如：(根据实际替换相应内容，多实例切换时不需该文件，直接用oracle用户export ORACLE_SID=实例名，sqlplus进入即可。)

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1/
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

使用source .bash_profile使环境生效

4.静默安装Oracle

4.1 解压

将下载好的数据库安装文件上传至服务器并进行解压（分卷压缩的话2个都要解压）

4.2 修改database/response/下的db_install.rsp安装文件（可以参考示例，下面示例包含创建实例）： (ORACLE_HOSTNAME中要与/etc下hosts文件保持一致，oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl和oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl两个可以修改实例名和服务名。oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=In2018#hngs可以修改密码)

####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.##
##                                                                ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize     ##
## your installation.                                             ##
##                                                                ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment        ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate        ##
## values.							  ##
##                                                                ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and    ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user  ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation.                ##
##                                                                ##
####################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value. 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames 
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=indb37

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.  
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/oracle/oraInventory

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.             
#
# en   : English                  ja   : Japanese                  
# fr   : French                   ko   : Korean                    
# ar   : Arabic                   es   : Latin American Spanish    
# bn   : Bengali                  lv   : Latvian                   
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese     lt   : Lithuanian                
# bg   : Bulgarian                ms   : Malay                     
# fr_CA: Canadian French          es_MX: Mexican Spanish           
# ca   : Catalan                  no   : Norwegian                 
# hr   : Croatian                 pl   : Polish                    
# cs   : Czech                    pt   : Portuguese                
# da   : Danish                   ro   : Romanian                  
# nl   : Dutch                    ru   : Russian                   
# ar_EG: Egyptian                 zh_CN: Simplified Chinese        
# en_GB: English (Great Britain)  sk   : Slovak                    
# et   : Estonian                 sl   : Slovenian                 
# fi   : Finnish                  es_ES: Spanish                   
# de   : German                   sv   : Swedish                   
# el   : Greek                    th   : Thai                      
# iw   : Hebrew                   zh_TW: Traditional Chinese       
# hu   : Hungarian                tr   : Turkish                   
# is   : Icelandic                uk   : Ukrainian                 
# in   : Indonesian               vi   : Vietnamese                
# it   : Italian                                                   
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base. 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/oracle/

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.                        
#                                                             
# The value should contain only one of these choices.        
# EE     : Enterprise Edition                                
# SE     : Standard Edition                                  
# SEONE  : Standard Edition One
# PE     : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true  : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
#         are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true. 
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
#              The following choices are available. You may specify any
#              combination of these choices.  The components you choose should
#              be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
#              Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#        
#              oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning
#              oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining
#              oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault 
#              oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security
#              oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing 
#              oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS                                  	      #
# ------------------------------------------                                  #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges       #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the   #		
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below.	      #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING          
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE                                
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name. 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#                                              
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=ZHS16GBK

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management 
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available 
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=60000

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default. 
# These settings may also be disabled.    
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the	      #
# starter database:      						      #
#   SYS                                                                       #
#   SYSTEM                                                                    #
#   SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager)                                       #
#   DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager)                                       #
#                                                                             #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) 		      #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended)       #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=In2018*66

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database. 
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage 
# the database.      
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical 
# alerts when using DB control.   
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=


###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS                                 	      #
# ------------------------------------		                              #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned    #
# using the entries below.						      #	
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else 
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if 
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system 
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if 
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.         
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM 
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/u01/oracle/oradata

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM 
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.                  
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM 
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
#  Example   : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example    : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example    : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection. 
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example    : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example    : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.
#
# Example    : PROXY_PORT=25 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD 
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example    : PROXY_USER=username 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD  
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example    : PROXY_PWD=password 
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=

切换到oracle用户,开始静默安装 (需要多等一会儿)

./runInstaller  -silent  -force -ignorePrereq -responseFile /gcloud/database/response/db_install.rsp

安装完成后，他会提示要执行两个脚本，按提示执行即可。

（如果远程无法访问可能与防火墙有关，需要关闭防火墙，或做相应规则配置）

其他步骤及问题说明：

启动数据库时出现ORA-00845：

由于MEMORY_MAX_TARGET 的设置不能超过 /dev/shm 的大小。修改其大小即可解决，例如：mount -o remount,size=100G /dev/shm

（此问题可能在安装数据库时不会出现，当重启数据库的时候才会出现）

启动数据库时出现ORA-01102：

查看oracle_home路径，例如 /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/下的dbs文件里，是否存在以lk开头的文件如lkORCL，lkORCL11G之类。

使用fuser -u 查看，例如：

fuser -u lkORCL;

使用fuser -k 杀死相关进程，例如：

fuser -k lkORCL

创建实例：（需要创建第二个实例或手动创建实例时）

修改database/response/下的dbca.rsp的安装文件（可以参考示例，配置密码，实例名，字符集，监听等信息）

##############################################################################
##                                                                          ##
##                            DBCA response file                            ##
##                            ------------------                            ##
## Copyright   1998, 2007, Oracle Corporation. All Rights Reserved.         ##
##                                                                          ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize Oracle        ##
## Database Configuration installation.                                     ##
##                                                                          ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment identifies the   ##
## variable type.                                                           ##
##                                                                          ##
## Please specify the values in the following format :                      ##
##          Type       :  Example                                           ##
##          String     :  "<value>"                                         ##
##          Boolean    :  True or False                                     ##
##          Number     :  <numeric value>                                   ##
##          StringList :  {"<value1>","<value2>"}                           ##
##                                                                          ##
## Examples :                                                               ##
##     1. dbca -progress_only -responseFile <response file>                 ##
##        Display a progress bar depicting progress of database creation    ##
##        process.                                                          ##
##                                                                          ##
##     2. dbca -silent -responseFile <response file>                        ##
##        Creates database silently. No user interface is displayed.        ##
##                                                                          ##
##     3. dbca -silent -createDatabase -cloneTemplate                       ##
##			 -responseFile <response file>                      ##
##        Creates database silently with clone template. The template in    ##
##	  responsefile is a clone template. 			            ##
##                                                                          ##
##     4. dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -responseFile <response file>        ##
##        Deletes database silently.                                        ##
##############################################################################

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# GENERAL section is required for all types of database creations.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[GENERAL]

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : RESPONSEFILE_VERSION
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Version of the database to create
# Valid values  : "11.1.0"
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : OPERATION_TYPE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Type of operation
# Valid values  : "createDatabase" \ "createTemplateFromDB" \ "createCloneTemplate" \ "deleteDatabase" \ "configureDatabase" \ "addInstance" (RAC-only) \ "deleteInstance" (RAC-only)
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

#-----------------------*** End of GENERAL section ***------------------------

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CREATEDATABASE section is used when OPERATION_TYPE is defined as "createDatabase". 
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[CREATEDATABASE]

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : GDBNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Global database name of the database
# Valid values  : <db_name>.<db_domain> - when database domain isn't NULL
#                 <db_name>             - when database domain is NULL
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
GDBNAME = "gx"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : POLICYMANAGED
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Set to true if Database is policy managed and 
#		  set to false if  Database is admin managed
# Valid values  : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#POLICYMANAGED = "false"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : CREATESERVERPOOL
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Set to true if new server pool need to be created for database 
#		  if this option is specified then the newly created database 
#		  will use this newly created serverpool. 
#		  Multiple serverpoolname can not be specified for database
# Valid values  : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CREATESERVERPOOL = "false"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : FORCE
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Set to true if new server pool need to be created by force 
#		  if this option is specified then the newly created serverpool
#		  will be assigned server even if no free servers are available.
#		  This may affect already running database.
#		  This flag can be specified for Admin managed as well as policy managed db.
# Valid values  : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#FORCE = "false"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SERVERPOOLNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Only one serverpool name need to be specified 
#		   if Create Server Pool option is specified. 
#		   Comma-separated list of Serverpool names if db need to use
#		   multiple Server pool
# Valid values  : ServerPool name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No [required in case of RAC service centric database]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SERVERPOOLNAME = 

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : CARDINALITY
# Datatype      : Number
# Description   : Specify Cardinality for create server pool operation
# Valid values  : any positive Integer value
# Default value : Number of qualified nodes on cluster
# Mandatory     : No [Required when a new serverpool need to be created]
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CARDINALITY = 

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SID
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : System identifier (SID) of the database
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : <db_name> specified in GDBNAME
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SID = "gx"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : NODELIST
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Comma-separated list of cluster nodes
# Valid values  : Cluster node names
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No (Yes for RAC database-centric database )
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#NODELIST=

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : TEMPLATENAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Name of the template
# Valid values  : Template file name
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Set to true if passwords are encrypted
# Valid values  : TRUE\FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#OBFUSCATEDPASSWORDS = FALSE


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SYSPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for SYS user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSPASSWORD = "In2018#ff"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SYSTEMPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for SYSTEM user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "In2018#ff"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : EMCONFIGURATION
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Enterprise Manager Configuration Type
# Valid values  : CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NOBACKUP|NOEMAIL|NONE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMCONFIGURATION = "NONE"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Database Security Settings
# Valid values  : ALL|NONE|AUDIT|PASSWORD_PROFILE
# Default value : NONE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DISABLESECURITYCONFIGURATION = "NONE"


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SYSMANPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for SYSMAN user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if LOCAL specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SYSMANPASSWORD = "password"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DBSNMPPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for DBSNMP user
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if EMCONFIGURATION is specified
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DBSNMPPASSWORD = "password"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : CENTRALAGENT
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Grid Control Central Agent Oracle Home
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if CENTRAL is specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#CENTRALAGENT = 

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : HOSTUSERNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Host user name for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERNAME = 

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : HOSTUSERPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Host user password for EM backup job
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#HOSTUSERPASSWORD= 

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : BACKUPSCHEDULE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Daily backup schedule in the form of hh:mm
# Default value : 2:00
# Mandatory     : Yes, if ALL or NOEMAIL are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#BACKUPSCHEDULE=

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : SMTPSERVER
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Outgoing mail (SMTP) server for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#SMTPSERVER =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : EMAILADDRESS
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Email address for email notifications
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if ALL or NOBACKUP are specified for EMCONFIGURATION
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#EMAILADDRESS =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DVOWNERNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : DataVault Owner
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if DataVault option is chosen
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVOWNERNAME = ""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DVOWNERPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for DataVault Owner
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : Yes, if DataVault option is chosen
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVOWNERPASSWORD = ""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DVACCOUNTMANAGERNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : DataVault Account Manager
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVACCOUNTMANAGERNAME = ""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DVACCOUNTMANAGERPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for  DataVault Account Manager
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g Administrator's Guide
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DVACCOUNTMANAGERPASSWORD = ""



#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DATAFILEJARLOCATION 
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Location of the data file jar 
# Valid values  : Directory containing compressed datafile jar
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATAFILEJARLOCATION =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DATAFILEDESTINATION 
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Location of the data file's
# Valid values  : Directory for all the database files
# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATAFILEDESTINATION =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : RECOVERYAREADESTINATION
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Location of the data file's
# Valid values  : Recovery Area location
# Default value : $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : STORAGETYPE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Specifies the storage on which the database is to be created
# Valid values  : FS (CFS for RAC), ASM
# Default value : FS
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#STORAGETYPE=FS

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DISKGROUPNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Specifies the disk group name for the storage
# Default value : DATA
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DISKGROUPNAME=DATA

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : ASMSNMP_PASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Password for ASM Monitoring
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ASMSNMP_PASSWORD=""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : RECOVERYGROUPNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Specifies the disk group name for the recovery area
# Default value : RECOVERY
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#RECOVERYGROUPNAME=RECOVERY


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : CHARACTERSET
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Character set of the database
# Valid values  : Check Oracle11g National Language Support Guide
# Default value : "US7ASCII"
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : NATIONALCHARACTERSET
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : National Character set of the database
# Valid values  : "UTF8" or "AL16UTF16". For details, check Oracle11g National Language Support Guide
# Default value : "AL16UTF16"
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
NATIONALCHARACTERSET= "ZHS16GBK"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : Specifies whether to register with Directory Service.
# Valid values  : TRUE \ FALSE
# Default value : FALSE
# Mandatory     : No
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#REGISTERWITHDIRSERVICE= TRUE

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DIRSERVICEUSERNAME
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Specifies the name of the directory service user
# Mandatory     : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEUSERNAME= "name"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DIRSERVICEPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : The password of the directory service user.
#		  You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory     : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DIRSERVICEPASSWORD= "password"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : WALLETPASSWORD
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : The password for wallet to created or modified.
#		  You can also specify the password at the command prompt instead of here.
# Mandatory     : YES, if the value of registerWithDirService is TRUE
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#WALLETPASSWORD= "password"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : LISTENERS
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Specifies list of listeners to register the database with.
#		  By default the database is configured for all the listeners specified in the 
#		  $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora 	
# Valid values  : The list should be space separated names like "listener1 listener2".
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
LISTENERS = "listenerbz"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : VARIABLESFILE 
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : Location of the file containing variable value pair
# Valid values  : A valid file-system file. The variable value pair format in this file 
#		  is <variable>=<value>. Each pair should be in a new line.
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#VARIABLESFILE =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : VARIABLES
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : comma separated list of name=value pairs. Overrides variables defined in variablefile and templates
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#VARIABLES =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : INITPARAMS
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : comma separated list of name=value pairs. Overrides initialization parameters defined in templates
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#INITPARAMS =

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : MEMORYPERCENTAGE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : percentage of physical memory for Oracle
# Default value : None
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#MEMORYPERCENTAGE = "40"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : DATABASETYPE
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : used for memory distribution when MEMORYPERCENTAGE specified
# Valid values  : MULTIPURPOSE|DATA_WAREHOUSING|OLTP
# Default value : MULTIPURPOSE
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT
# Datatype      : Boolean
# Description   : flag to indicate Automatic Memory Management is used
# Valid values  : TRUE/FALSE
# Default value : TRUE
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "TRUE"

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name          : TOTALMEMORY
# Datatype      : String
# Description   : total memory in MB to allocate to Oracle
# Valid values  : 
# Default value : 
# Mandatory     : NO
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#TOTALMEMORY = "800"


#-----------------------*** End of CREATEDATABASE section ***------------------------

切换至oracle用户，执行静默安装实例

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /gcloud/database/response/dbca.rsp

DickFour

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