C++ Primer Chapter 10 关联容器之map

//Chapter 10
#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.1~2
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
#if 0
	//version 1
	string sdata;
	int idata;
	pair<string, int> sidata;
	vector< pair<string, int> > vsidata;
	cout << "please input some data: string int" << endl;
	while(cin >> sdata >> idata)
	{
		sidata = make_pair(sdata, idata);//此种方法更能表明生成的是pair对象，更容易阅读理解
		//cout << sidata.first << " " <<sidata.second << endl;
		vsidata.push_back(sidata);
	}
#endif
#if 0
	//version 2
	string sdata;
	int idata;
	pair<string, int> sidata;
	vector< pair<string, int> > vsidata;
	cout << "please input some data: string int" << endl;
	while(cin >> sdata >> idata)
	{
		sidata = pair<string, int> (sdata, idata);
		vsidata.push_back(sidata);
	}
#endif
#if 1
	//version 3
	typedef pair<string, int> NameAge;//此种方法少了对局部变量的定义
	NameAge sidata;
	vector< NameAge > vsidata;
	cout << "please input some data: string int" << endl;
	while (cin >> sidata.first >> sidata.second)
	{
		vsidata.push_back(sidata);
	}
#endif

	for (vector< pair<string, int> >::iterator iter = vsidata.begin(); iter != vsidata.end(); iter++)
	{
		cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}
#endif

#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.9
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	map<string, int> word_count;
	string word;
	while(cin >> word)
	{
		++word_count[word];
	}
	for(map<string, int>::iterator iter = word_count.begin(); iter != word_count.end(); ++iter)
	{
		cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;//这边的iter解引用后返回的是pair<string, int>对象
	}
}
#endif

#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.12
//下标操作的程序更为简洁，更容易编写和阅读，
//而insert函数的返回值的使用比较复杂。
//但使用insert函数可以避免使用下标操作所带来的副作用，
//即避免对新插入元素不必要的值初始化，
//而且可以显示表示元素的插入（下标操作是隐式表示元素的插入），
//各有优缺点。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <utility>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	map<string, int> word_count;
	string word;
	cout << "please input some words(Ctr + Z to end)" << endl;
	while (cin >> word)
	{
		pair< map<string, int>::iterator, bool > ret = word_count.insert(make_pair(word, 1));
		if (!ret.second)
		{
			++(ret.first->second);
		}
	}
	for (map<string, int>::iterator iter = word_count.begin(); iter != word_count.end(); ++iter)
	{
		cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
	}
	return 0;
}

#endif

#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.17
//在dos下到test.exe的目录下输入test.exe transfile.txt inputfile.txt
//其中transfile.txt是单词对转换文件，inputfile.txt是待转换的文本文件
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <utility>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>


using namespace std;

ifstream& open_file(ifstream& in, const string& file)
{
	in.close();
	in.clear();
	in.open(file.c_str());
	return in;

}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	if (argc != 3)
	{
		throw runtime_error("wrong number of arguments");
	}
	ifstream trans_file;

	if (!open_file(trans_file, argv[1]))
	{
		throw runtime_error("no transformation file");
	}
	map<string, string> trans_map;
	string key, val;
	while (trans_file >> key >> val)
	{
		trans_map.insert(make_pair(key, val));
	}
	ifstream input;
	if (!open_file(input, argv[2]))
	{
		throw runtime_error("no input file");
	}
	string line;
	while (getline(input, line))
	{
		istringstream stream(line);
		string word;
		bool firstword = true;
		while (stream >> word)
		{
			map<string, string>::const_iterator map_it = trans_map.find(word);
			if (map_it != trans_map.end())
			{
				word = map_it->second; 
			}
			if (firstword)
			{
				firstword = false;
			}
			else
				cout << " ";
			cout << word;
		}
		cout << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}
#endif


#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.18
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string surname, childname;
	map< string, vector<string> > children;
	do 
	{
		cout << "Enter surname(Ctrl + z to end)" << endl;
		cin >> surname;
		if (!cin)
		{
			break;
		}
		vector<string> chd;
		pair< map<string, vector<string> >::iterator, bool > ret = children.insert(make_pair(surname, chd));
		if (!ret.second)
		{
			cout << "repeated surname: " << surname << endl;
			continue;
		}
		cout << "Enter children's name(Ctrl + z to end)" << endl;
		while (cin >> childname)
		{
			ret.first->second.push_back(childname);
		}
		cin.clear();//使得输入流重新有效
	} while (cin);

	cin.clear();
	cout << "Enter a surname you want to search" << endl;
	cin >> surname;
	map< string, vector<string> >::const_iterator map_it = children.find(surname);
	if (map_it != children.end())
	{
		for (vector<string>::const_iterator iter = map_it->second.begin(); iter != map_it->second.end(); ++iter)
		{
			cout << *iter << endl;
		}
	}
	else
		cout << "the surname you search is not in the map" << endl;

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

#endif

#if 0
//Chapter 10 Exercise 10.19
//map可以用在字典、电话薄、商品价目表中，
//可以使用下标操作或者insert函数插入元素，使用find函数读取元素
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <utility>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	string surname, childname, childbirth;
	typedef pair<string, string> ChildType;
	map< string, vector< ChildType > > children;

	do 
	{
		cout << "please input surname(Ctrl + z to end)" << endl;
		cin >> surname;
		if (!cin)
		{
			break;
		}
		vector< ChildType > chd;
		pair< map< string, vector< ChildType > >::iterator, bool > ret = children.insert(make_pair(surname, chd));
		if (!ret.second)
		{
			cout << "Repeat surname:" << surname << endl;
			continue;
		}
		cout << "Enter childname and birthday(Ctrl + z to end)" << endl;
		while(cin >> childname >> childbirth)
		{
			ret.first->second.push_back(make_pair(childname, childbirth));
		}
		cin.clear();
	} while (cin);

	cin.clear();
	cout << "Enter the surname you wanna search" << endl;
	cin >> surname;


	map< string, vector< ChildType > >::const_iterator map_it = children.find(surname);
	if (map_it != children.end())
	{
		for (vector< ChildType >::const_iterator iter = map_it->second.begin(); iter != map_it->second.end(); ++iter)
		{
			cout << iter->first << " " << iter->second << endl;
		}
	}
	else 
		cout << "the surname you wanna search is not exist" << endl;
}
#endif