Java学习：枚举类

目录

前言：

一.枚举类定义及举例

二.枚举类父类Enum类的几个常用方法测试

三.枚举类实现接口的两种方式

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前言：

又是失眠，我发现我可真是个大冤种，永远都忘不掉你

一.枚举类定义及举例

/**
 * 枚举类
 * 一般是类的对象是有限个的，确定的
 * 例如：性别：男女
 *      星期：1-7
 *      季节：春夏秋冬
 * 当需要定义①一组②常量时，强烈建议使用枚举类
 * @author Dionysus_xu
 * @create 2022-03-09-14:00
 */
public class enumClass {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Season spring = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(spring);
    }
}
    //solution1:JDK5.0之前，自定义枚举类
    //此处不做拓展
    //solution2:JDK5.0以后，使用enum关键字定义枚举类
enum Season{//父类为：java.lang.Enum
    //1.把所有常量的定义和描述都提前定义好
        SPRING("春天","万物复苏"),
        SUMMER("夏天","汗流浃背"),
        AUTUMN("秋天","天高气爽"),
        WINTER("冬天","寒风吹彻");

    //2.声明私有变量
        private final String seasonName;
        private final String seasonDesc;

    //3.定义好构造器
        private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
            this.seasonName = seasonName;
            this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
        }

    //4.其他具体诉求

        public String getSeasonName() {
            return seasonName;
        }

        public String getSeasonDesc() {
            return seasonDesc;
        }

//        @Override
//        public String toString() {
//            return "Season{" +
//                    "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
//                    ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
//                    '}';
//        }
    }

二.枚举类父类Enum类的几个常用方法测试

/**
 * java.lang.Enum父类常用方法
 * 1.values()
 * 2.valueOf(String str)
 * 3.toString()
 * @author Dionysus_xu
 * @create 2022-03-09-14:23
 */
public class AboutEnum {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //用自己定义的Season类来继承Enum类 调用具体函数
        //toString
        Season spring = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(spring);
        System.out.println("****************");
        //values():输出枚举类的所有成员
        Season[] values = Season.values();
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(values[i]);
            //调用的是toString()方法，如果重写了按重写的算
        }
        System.out.println("****************");
        //.values()函数一般用来输出所有的状态
        Thread.State[] values1 = Thread.State.values();
        for (int i = 0; i < values1.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(values1[i]);
        }
        //valueOf(String objName):寻找指定参数名的对象信息
        Season winter = Season.valueOf("WINTER");
        System.out.println(winter);
    }
}

三.枚举类实现接口的两种方式

/**
 * 用enum实现的枚举类 实现接口
 * @author Dionysus_xu
 * @create 2022-03-09-14:39
 */
public class ImplEnum {

}
//情况1：实现implements接口，并在方法体中实现抽象方法
//这里直接复制之前的Season了,实现一个runnable接口试试看
enum Season1 implements Runnable{
    SPRING("春天","万物复苏"),
    SUMMER("夏天","汗流浃背"),
    AUTUMN("秋天","天高气爽"),
    WINTER("冬天","寒风吹彻");

    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    private Season1(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }


    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Season[] values = Season.values();
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            System.out.println(values[i]);
        }

    }
}

//情况2：实现implements接口，针对每个成员都实现抽象方法
enum Season2 implements Runnable{
    SPRING("春天", "万物复苏"){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            System.out.println("春天，万物复苏");
        }
    },
    SUMMER("夏天", "汗流浃背"){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //....
        }
    },
    AUTUMN("秋天", "天高气爽"){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //....
        }
    },
    WINTER("冬天", "寒风吹彻"){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //....
        }
    };

    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    private Season2(String seasonName, String seasonDesc) {
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }

    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }
}