MySQL视图

1. 视图

视图是一个虚拟表，可以将查询出来的结果，以表结构的形式保存起来。

视图的数据变化会影响到基表，基表的数据变化也会影响到视图。

2. 基本使用

创建视图：

create view 视图名 as select 语句

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_scott |
+-----------------+
| dept            |
| emp             |
| salgrade        |
+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select ename, dname from emp inner join dept on emp.deptno=dept.deptno;
+--------+------------+
| ename  | dname      |
+--------+------------+
| SMITH  | RESEARCH   |
| ALLEN  | SALES      |
| WARD   | SALES      |
| JONES  | RESEARCH   |
| MARTIN | SALES      |
| BLAKE  | SALES      |
| CLARK  | ACCOUNTING |
| SCOTT  | RESEARCH   |
| KING   | ACCOUNTING |
| TURNER | SALES      |
| ADAMS  | RESEARCH   |
| JAMES  | SALES      |
| FORD   | RESEARCH   |
| MILLER | ACCOUNTING |
+--------+------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# 创建视图
mysql> create view myview as select ename, dname from emp inner join dept on emp.deptno=dept.deptno;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+-----------------+
| Tables_in_scott |
+-----------------+
| dept            |
| emp             |
| myview          |
| salgrade        |
+-----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from myview;
+--------+------------+
| ename  | dname      |
+--------+------------+
| SMITH  | RESEARCH   |
| ALLEN  | SALES      |
| WARD   | SALES      |
| JONES  | RESEARCH   |
| MARTIN | SALES      |
| BLAKE  | SALES      |
| CLARK  | ACCOUNTING |
| SCOTT  | RESEARCH   |
| KING   | ACCOUNTING |
| TURNER | SALES      |
| ADAMS  | RESEARCH   |
| JAMES  | SALES      |
| FORD   | RESEARCH   |
| MILLER | ACCOUNTING |
+--------+------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

修改视图，对基表的影响：

修改基表，对视图的影响：

删除视图：

drop view view_name;

3. 视图使用规则和限制

• 视图和表一样，必须唯一命名
• 创建视图数目没有限制
• 视图不能添加索引
• order by可以用在视图中，但是如果从该视图检索数据select 中也含有order by ,那么该视图中的order by将被覆盖
• 视图可以和表一起使用

牛客OJ：

针对actor表创建视图actor_name_view)