在慕课网上的课程,我将他的代码在我电脑上进行了实现
慕课网相关链接:http://www.imooc.com/learn/563
GitHub代码:https://github.com/DongChengrong/imooc
目标:爬取百度百科上的1000条词条,将爬取的词条url地址输出,将词条的相关信息(url、标题、概述)写入一个叫output.htm的文件
首先打开eclipse,建立一个PyDev的项目,在该项目的src目录下新建一个叫做baike_spider的包,这个包下新建5个Python文件,分别是用于启动的spider_main.py、html下载器html_downloader.py、用于解析HTML文件的html_parser.py、用于url管理的url_manager.py、用于向output.html中写信息的html_outputer.py
下面我将分别给出五个文件的内容
spider_main.py
#coding:utf-8
from baike_spider import url_manager,html_downloader,html_outputer,html_parser
class SpiderMain(object):
def __init__(self):
self.urls = url_manager.UrlManager()
self.downloader = html_downloader.HtmlDownloader()
self.parser = html_parser.HtmlParser()
self.outputer = html_outputer.HtmlOutputer()
def craw(self, root_url):
count = 1
self.urls.add_new_url(root_url)
while self.urls.has_new_url():
try:
new_url = self.urls.get_new_url()
print "craw %d : %s"%(count, new_url)
html_cont = self.downloader.download(new_url)
new_urls, new_data = self.parser.parse(new_url,html_cont)
self.urls.add_new_urls(new_urls)
self.outputer.collect_data(new_data)
if(count == 1000):
break;
count = count + 1
except Exception,e:
print e
print "craw failed"
self.outputer.output_html()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root_url = 'https://baike.baidu.com/item/Python/407313'
obj_spider = SpiderMain()
obj_spider.craw(root_url)
html_downloader.py
#coding:utf-8
import urllib2
class HtmlDownloader():
def download(self, url):
if url is None:
return None
response = urllib2.urlopen(url)
if response.getcode() != 200:
return None
return response.read()
html_parser.py
#coding:utf-8
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urlparse
class HtmlParser():
def _get_new_urls(self,page_url,soup):
new_urls = set()
links = soup.find_all('a',href = re.compile(r"/item/"))
for link in links:
new_url = link['href']
new_full_url = urlparse.urljoin(page_url, new_url)
new_urls.add(new_full_url)
return new_urls
def _get_new_data(self,page_url,soup):
res_data = {}
res_data['url'] = page_url
#<dd class="lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title">
title_node = soup.find('dd', class_ = "lemmaWgt-lemmaTitle-title").find("h1")
res_data['title'] = title_node.get_text()
#<div class="lemma-summary" label-module="lemmaSummary">
summary_node = soup.find("div",class_ = "lemma-summary")
res_data['summary'] = summary_node.get_text()
return res_data
def parse(self,page_url,html_cont):
if page_url is None or html_cont is None:
return
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_cont, 'html.parser',from_encoding = 'utf-8')
new_urls = self._get_new_urls(page_url, soup)
new_data = self._get_new_data(page_url, soup)
return new_urls, new_data
html_outputer.py
#coding:utf-8
import sys
from doctest import _SpoofOut
from idlelib.IOBinding import encoding
class HtmlOutputer():
def __init__(self):
self.datas = []
def collect_data(self,data):
if data is None:
return
self.datas.append(data)
def output_html(self):
with open("output.html",'w') as fout:
fout.write("<html>")
fout.write("<body>")
fout.write("<table border = ‘1’>")
for data in self.datas:
fout.write("<tr>")
fout.write("<td><a href =%s>" % data['url'])
fout.write(("%s</a></td>" % data['title']).encode("utf-8"))
fout.write(("<td>%s</td>" % data['summary']).encode('utf-8'))
fout.write("</tr>")
fout.write("</table>")
fout.write("</body>")
fout.write("</html>")
fout.close()
url_manager.py
#coding:utf-8
class UrlManager():
def __init__(self):
self.new_urls = set()
self.old_urls = set()
def add_new_url(self,url):
if url is None:
return
if url not in self.new_urls and url not in self.old_urls:
self.new_urls.add(url)
def add_new_urls(self,urls):
if urls is None or len(urls) == 0:
return
for url in urls:
self.add_new_url(url)
def has_new_url(self):
return len(self.new_urls) != 0
def get_new_url(self):
new_url = self.new_urls.pop()
self.old_urls.add(new_url)
return new_url
好了,就这些,祝福同学们一起成功的爬取词条
附上我运行成功后生成的output.html截图