MyBatis学习

MyBatis初体验

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1.简介：

• MyBatis是一个持久层框架
• 优点：1.简单易学；2.灵活；3.接触sql与程序代码之间的耦合；4.提供xml标签，支持编写动态sql

2.我的第一个MySql程序

• 思路：搭建环境—>导入MyBatis—>编写代码—>测试
• 基于：jdk 1.8
• mysql 8.0.17
• maven 3.6.3
• idea 2020.1

2.1搭建环境

本项目所有源代码都以上传至我得码云上 ----> 码云(点击即可跳转)

1.搭建数据库

mysql> create database mybatis;               #创库
mysql> use mybastis;                          #进入数据库
mysql> create table user(                     #创建表
    -> id int(20) not null,
    -> name varchar(30) default null,
    -> pwd varchar(30) default null,
    -> primary key(id)
    -> );
mysql> insert into user(id,name,pwd)			#插入数据
    -> values(1,'张三','12345'),
    -> (2,'李四','12345'),
    -> (3,'王五','12345');
mysql> select * from user; 						#查询

2.在idea中创建maven项目

删除src,创建父项目
导入maven依赖

2.2创建一个模块

• 编写mybatis核心文件

<!--核心配置文件-->
<configuration>

   <environments default="development">
       <environment id="development">
           <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
           <dataSource type="POOLED">
               <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
               <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC"/>
               <property name="username" value="root"/>
               <property name="password" value="101599"/>
           </dataSource>
       </environment>
   </environments>

• 编写mybatis的工具类

/**
* 工具类
* sqlSessionFactory --> sqlSession 工厂模式
*/
public class MybatisUtils {
   private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;  //提升作用域

   static {                               //初始化时加载
       try {
           //使用mybatis第一步
           //使用mybatis获取sqlSessionFactory对象
           String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
           InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
           sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
       }catch(Exception e){
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   //既然有了SqlSessionFactory,顾名思义。我们就可以从中获得SqlSession的实例
   //sqlSession完全包含了面向数据库执行的sql命令所需的方法

   public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
       return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
   }
}

3.编写代码

使用接口实现类

• 实体类

package per.dh.pojo;

//实体类
public class User {
  private int id;
  private String name;
  private String pwd;

  public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
      this.id = id;
      this.name = name;
      this.pwd = pwd;
  }

  public User() {
  }

  public int getId() {
      return id;
  }

  public void setId(int id) {
      this.id = id;
  }

  public String getName() {
      return name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
  }

  public String getPwd() {
      return pwd;
  }

  public void setPwd(String pwd) {
      this.pwd = pwd;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
      return "User{" +
              "id=" + id +
              ", name='" + name + '\'' +
              ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
              '}';
  }
}

• Dao接口

public interface UserDao {
   List<User> getUserList();
}

• 接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转换为一个Mapper配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
<mapper namespace="per.dh.dao.UserDao">
      <!-- select:查询语块, id:重新方法的名称-->
  <select id="getUserList" resultType="per.dh.pojo.User">
      select * from mybatis.user
  </select>
</mapper>

4.测试

注意点：
报错：Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) on project mybatis_01: There are test failures.
Please refer to D:\Git\gitCode\mybatis\mybatis_01\target\surefire-reports for the individual test results.

1.shou首先在核心配置文件中注册mapperrs:

        <!-- 每一个Mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="per/dh/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

2.其次在 pom.xml中添加：
  <!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败问题-->
   ```xml<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
 </build>

• junit测试

public class UserDaoTest {
   @Test
   public void test(){

       //1.获得Sqlsession对象
       SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();

       //方式一：getMapper
       //2.执行SQL
       UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
       List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();
       for(User user: userList){
           System.out.println(user);
       }

       //关闭SqlSession
       sqlSession.close();
   }
}

• 最终成品
  

3. 可能会遇到的问题

本项目所有源代码都以上传至我得码云上 ----> 码云(点击即可跳转)

1. 配置文件没有注册

        <!-- 每一个Mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
   <mappers>
       <mapper resource="per/dh/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>

2. 绑定接口错误

     <!-- select:查询语块, id:重新方法的名称-->
  <select id="getUserList" resultType="per.dh.pojo.User">
      select * from mybatis.user
  </select>

3. 方法名不对
4. 返回类型不对
5. maven导出资源

        <!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

本项目所有源代码都以上传至我得码云上 ----> 码云(点击即可跳转)