scrapy爬取奇书网

最新推荐文章于 2020-11-02 15:21:38 发布

DragonDai666

最新推荐文章于 2020-11-02 15:21:38 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/DragonASDASD/article/details/90488581

版权

spiders.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
# 引入item
from ..items import BooksItem

class BooksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'books'
    allowed_domains = ['qishu.cc']
    start_urls = ['http://www.qishu.cc/xuanhuan/list1_1.html']

    def parse(self, response):

        # 根据xpath找到小说的详情页面链接
        detail_links = response.xpath('//span[@class="mainSoftName"]/a/@href').extract()
        # for循环遍历所有小说链接
        for link in detail_links:
            # 拼接完整的url地址
            detail_url = 'http://www.qishu.cc' + link
            # yield 一个请求对象
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url = detail_url,
                callback=self.parse_detail # 指定回调的函数
            )
        # 找到下一页
        next_href = response.xpath('//dfn/a/@href').extract_first('')
        if next_href:
            # 拼接下一页的完整url地址
            next_url = 'http://www.qishu.cc' + next_href
            yield scrapy.Request(next_url)
    # 解析详情页面
    def parse_detail(self, response):

        # 获取小说标题
        title = response.xpath('//dt[@id="downInfoTitle"]/text()').extract_first('')
        # 获取小说详细信息
        info = response.xpath('//dd[@class="downInfoRowL"]/text()').extract()
        results = []
        # for循环遍历所有信息
        for msg in info:
            # 判断\r有没有在信息中
            if '\r' not in msg:
                results.append(msg)

        # 如果拿到的数据是6个，取数据，否则全部设置为未知
        if len(results) == 6:
            yxhj = results[0] # 运行环境
            xsyy = results[1] # 小说语言
            xslx = results[2] # 小说类型
            xszz = results[3] # 小说作者
            xsdx = results[4] # 小说大小
            gxsj = results[5] # 更新时间
        else:
            yxhj = xsyy = xslx = xszz = xsdx = gxsj = '未知'

        # 获取小说下载地址
        download_url = response.xpath('//div[@id="downAddress"]/a[2]/@href').extract_first('')

        # 创建BooksItem对象
        book = BooksItem()
        book['title'] = title
        book['yxhj'] = yxhj
        book['xsyy'] = xsyy
        book['xslx'] = xslx
        book['xszz'] = xszz
        book['xsdx'] = xsdx
        book['gxsj'] = gxsj
        # 下载文件需要将url放在列表中
        book['download_url'] = [download_url]

        yield book

items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy


class BooksSpiderItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    pass

class BooksItem(scrapy.Item):

    title = scrapy.Field()          # 标题
    yxhj = scrapy.Field()           # 环境
    xsyy = scrapy.Field()           # 语言
    xslx = scrapy.Field()           # 类型
    xszz = scrapy.Field()           # 作者
    xsdx = scrapy.Field()           # 大小
    gxsj = scrapy.Field()           # 更新时间
    download_url = scrapy.Field()   # 下载地址

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import xlwt

class BooksSpiderPipeline(object):
    # 初始化的时候，新建workbook
    def __init__(self):
        self.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
        self.sheet = self.workbook.add_sheet(u'小说信息表')
        self.sheet.write(0, 0, '小说标题')
        self.sheet.write(0, 1, '运行环境')
        self.sheet.write(0, 2, '小说语言')
        self.sheet.write(0, 3, '小说类型')
        self.sheet.write(0, 4, '小说作者')
        self.sheet.write(0, 5, '小说大小')
        self.sheet.write(0, 6, '更新时间')
        self.sheet.write(0, 7, '下载地址')
        self.count = 1

    def close_spider(self,spider):
        self.workbook.save(u'奇书小说信息.xls')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):

        self.sheet.write(self.count, 0, item['title'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 1, item['yxhj'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 2, item['xsyy'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 3, item['xslx'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 4, item['xszz'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 5, item['xsdx'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 6, item['gxsj'])
        self.sheet.write(self.count, 7, item['download_url'][0])
        self.count += 1
        return item

from scrapy.pipelines.files import FilesPipeline
import scrapy

# 自定义小说下载pipeline 指定小说存放的名称
class MyFilesPipeline(FilesPipeline):

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        url = item['download_url'][0]
        request = scrapy.Request(
            url=url,
            meta={'item':item}
        )
        return [request]

    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):

        item = request.meta['item']
        title = item['title']
        return '%s.txt'%title

debug.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from scrapy.cmdline import execute
execute(['scrapy', 'crawl', 'books'])

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for Books_Spider project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'Books_Spider'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['Books_Spider.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Books_Spider.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'Books_Spider (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Books_Spider.middlewares.BooksSpiderSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Books_Spider.middlewares.BooksSpiderDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'Books_Spider.pipelines.BooksSpiderPipeline': 300,
   # 'Books_Spider.pipelines.MyFilesPipeline': 301
}
# 根据item的哪个属性下载小说
FILES_URLS_FIELD = 'download_url'
# 小说存放的路径
FILES_STORE = 'novels'


# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

middlewares.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

from scrapy import signals


class BooksSpiderSpiderMiddleware(object):
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
        # middleware and into the spider.

        # Should return None or raise an exception.
        return None

    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
        # it has processed the response.

        # Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
        for i in result:
            yield i

    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.

        # Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict
        # or Item objects.
        pass

    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.

        # Must return only requests (not items).
        for r in start_requests:
            yield r

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)


class BooksSpiderDownloaderMiddleware(object):
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader
        # middleware.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this request
        # - or return a Response object
        # - or return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
        #   installed downloader middleware will be called
        return None

    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.

        # Must either;
        # - return a Response object
        # - return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest
        return response

    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()
        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this exception
        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
        pass

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

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scrapy爬取奇书网

spiders.py# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import scrapy# 引入itemfrom ..items import BooksItemclass BooksSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = 'books' allowed_domains = ['qishu.cc'] start_urls = ['http...
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