Android学习记录045_java获取运行时泛型类的真实泛型

一、泛型类

class GenericType<T> {
    private T data;

    public void setData(T data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public T getData() {
        return data;
    }
}

二、获取泛型类的真实泛型

//这种方式定义泛型变量，要想通过操作appleGenericType.getClass()是无法获取到泛型的真实类型的
//因为在运行的时候泛型类中的泛型已经被擦除了
GenericType<Apple> appleGenericType = new GenericType<Apple>();

2.1 方式一

	/**
     * 这种方式必须要调用setData给给泛型类中的data属性赋值，否则调用getData方法时
     * 将会返回null，那么将无法获取泛型的真实类型
     */
    GenericType<Apple> appleGenericType = new GenericType<Apple>();
    appleGenericType.setData(new Apple());
    Method method = appleGenericType.getClass().getMethod("getData");
    Object invoke = method.invoke(appleGenericType);
    System.out.println(invoke.getClass());//class generically.Apple

2.1 方式二

/**
 * 顶一个 GenericType<Apple>的匿名内部类，用appleGenericType 来接收
 * 为什么加{}之后便可以获取泛型了？
 * 因为在编译成功class文件之后new GenericType<Apple>(){}中的Apple会保留下来，而
 * new GenericType<Apple>()将会被擦除，变成new GenericType()。
 * new GenericType<Apple>(){}相当于重新定义了一个
 * final class 外部类类名$1 extends GenericType<String> {
 *  外部类类名$1() {
 *  }
 * }
 */
GenericType<Apple> appleGenericType = new GenericType<Apple>(){};
Class<? extends GenericType> appleGenericTypeClass = appleGenericType.getClass();
Type appleGenericSuperclass = appleGenericTypeClass.getGenericSuperclass();
System.out.println(((ParameterizedType)appleGenericSuperclass).getRawType()); //class generically.GenericType
System.out.println(appleGenericSuperclass.getTypeName());//generically.GenericType<generically.Apple>
System.out.println(((ParameterizedType)appleGenericSuperclass).getActualTypeArguments()[0]);//class generically.Apple

三、获取接口方法返回值里面的真实泛型

3.1 接口

    interface ReturnType{
         GenericType<Apple> getApple();
    }

3.2 获取真实类型

 Method getAppleMethod = ReturnType.class.getMethod("getApple");
 Type genericReturnType = getAppleMethod.getGenericReturnType();
 System.out.println(genericReturnType);//generically.GenericType<generically.Apple>
 System.out.println(genericReturnType instanceof ParameterizedType); //true
 ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) genericReturnType;
 System.out.println(parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments()[0]); //class generically.Apple
 System.out.println(parameterizedType.getOwnerType()); //null
 System.out.println(parameterizedType.getRawType());//class generically.GenericType
System.out.println(parameterizedType.getTypeName());//generically.GenericType<generically.Apple>

四、获取ArrayList集合的真实泛型

 /**
  * 定义匿名内部类
   */
  List<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>(){};
  Type type = arrayList.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
  ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
  System.out.println((parameterizedType.getActualTypeArguments()[0]).getTypeName()); // java.lang.Integer

五、操作集合

ArrayList<String> stringArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
stringArrayList.add("苹果");
 stringArrayList.add("凤梨");
 stringArrayList.add("香蕉");
 Class<? extends ArrayList> stringArrayListClass = stringArrayList.getClass();
 Method addMethod = stringArrayListClass.getMethod("add", Object.class);
 //通过反射给集合添加元素，这种调用方式又进一步证明了泛型的擦除
 addMethod.invoke(stringArrayList,new int[]{1,2,3});
 System.out.println(stringArrayList);
 for (int i = 0; i < stringArrayList.size(); i++) {
     Object object = stringArrayList.get(i);
    if(object.getClass().getTypeName().equals(String.class.getTypeName())){
        System.out.println(object);
    }else if(object.getClass().getTypeName().equals(int[].class.getTypeName())){
        System.out.println(object);
    }
 }