Centos安装配置MariaDB

说明：

CentOS7中内置Mariadb，Mariadb是mysql的分支。

1.卸载：

[root@host-xx ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@host-xx ~]# yum remove mariadb

2. 删除遗留目录

[root@host-xx ~]# ls /etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
[root@host-xx ~]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
[root@host-xx ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/
总用量 28704
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql    16384 3月  20 15:36 aria_log.00000001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql       52 3月  20 15:36 aria_log_control
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 18874368 3月  20 15:36 ibdata1
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 3月  20 15:36 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  5242880 3月  20 14:17 ib_logfile1
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 3月  20 14:17 mysql
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 3月  20 14:17 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql     4096 3月  20 14:17 test
[root@host-xx ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/

3.重新安装

[root@host-xx ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server
[root@host-xx ~]# systemctl start mariadb

#设置开机启动

[root@host-xx ~]# systemctl enable mariadb

#执行常规化安全设置（此过程中可以添加root密码，删除匿名登录账户，禁止远程使用root用户登录，删除测试数据库和使用）

[root@host-xx ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–直接回车
Set root password? [Y/n] <–y 
New password: <– 设置root用户的密码
Re-enter new password: <– 再输一次
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，y

4.配置字符集

[root@host-xx ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
#添加
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

[root@host-xx ~]#vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
#在[client]中添加
default-character-set=utf8

[root@host-xx ~]#vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
#在[mysql]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
#全部配置完成，重启mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb

5.登陆数据库

[root@host-xx ~]# mysql -uroot -p

6.添加用户，设置权限

#创建用户并授予网络权限
MariaDB[(none)]>use mysql;
MariaDB[(mysql)]>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password';
#创建用户并授予网络权限并且可以授权
MariaDB[(mysql)]>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;
MariaDB[(mysql)]>flush privileges;

7.设置防火墙

[root@host-xx ~]#firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent 
[root@host-xx ~]#firewall-cmd --reload

8.其他

#查看端口号
MariaDB [(none)]>show global variables like 'port';
#查看权限分配：
MariaDB[(none)]>use mysql;
MariaDB[(none)]>select user,password,host from user;