CentOS Docker 常用命令

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-11 18:04:14 发布

不会长胖的斜杠

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-11 18:04:14 发布

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： linux docker centos

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Dummy_/article/details/123913899

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Docker 基础

# 版本信息
[root@controller ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.14
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.15
 Git commit:        a224086
 Built:             Thu Mar 24 01:47:44 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.14
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.15
  Git commit:       87a90dc
  Built:            Thu Mar 24 01:46:10 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.5.11
  GitCommit:        3df54a852345ae127d1fa3092b95168e4a88e2f8
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.3
  GitCommit:        v1.0.3-0-gf46b6ba
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

#系统信息
[root@controller ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.1-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)

Server:
 Containers: 13
  Running: 2
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 11
 Images: 2
 Server Version: 20.10.14
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
……

Image

#列出本地主机上的镜像
#-a：列出本地所有的镜像（含中间镜像层）
#-q：只显示镜像ID
#--digests：显示镜像的摘要信息
#--no-trunc：显示完整的镜像信息
[root@controller ~]# docker image list
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat       latest    2b35e80091ed   2 days ago     680MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   6 months ago   231MB

#从仓库中搜索指定的镜像
[root@controller ~]# docker search python
NAME                                     DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
python                                   Python is an interpreted, interactive, objec…   7254      [OK]
continuumio/anaconda3                    Powerful and flexible python distribution       597                  [OK]
pypy                                     PyPy is a fast, compliant alternative implem…   316       [OK]
continuumio/anaconda                     Powerful and flexible python distribution       219                  [OK]
circleci/python                          Python is an interpreted, interactive, objec…   48
hylang                                   Hy is a Lisp dialect that translates express…   44        [OK]
amazon/aws-lambda-python                 AWS Lambda base images for Python               41
bitnami/python                           Bitnami Python Docker Image                     17                   [OK]
cimg/python                                                                              4
google/guestbook-python-redis            A simple guestbook example written in Python…   4
mirantis/python-operations-api           https://mirantis.jira.com/browse/IT-40189       0                    [OK]
okteto/python-fastapi                                                                    0
appdynamics/python-agent-init            AppDynamics Repository for Python agent inst…   0
ibmcom/python-semver-ppc64le             Docker image for python-semver-ppc64leDocker…   0
ibmcom/python-ceilometerclient-ppc64le   Docker image for python-ceilometerclient-ppc…   0
ibmcom/python-memcached-ppc64le          Docker image for python-memcached-ppc64le       0
ibmcom/python-dropbox-ppc64le            Docker image for python-dropbox-ppc64leDocke…   0
ibmcom/python-glanceclient-ppc64le       Docker image for python-glanceclient-ppc64le    0
pachyderm/python-build                                                                   0
ibmcom/pythonfutures-ppc64le             Docker image for pythonfutures-ppc64le          0
bitnami/python-snapshot                                                                  0
pachyderm/python-evaluate                                                                0
okteto/python                                                                            0
okteto/python-job-launcher                                                               0
ibmcom/python-sybase-ppc64le             Docker image for python-sybase-ppc64le          0

#下载image
[root@controller ~]# docker pull redis
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/redis
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete
c7a4e4382001: Pull complete
4044b9ba67c9: Pull complete
c8388a79482f: Pull complete
413c8bb60be2: Pull complete
1abfd3011519: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:db485f2e245b5b3329fdc7eff4eb00f913e09d8feb9ca720788059fdc2ed8339
Status: Downloaded newer image for redis:latest
docker.io/library/redis:latest

#若pull超时，换源即可
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{
"registry-mirrors":["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
}

:wq
systemctl restart docker.service

#删除镜像
docker rmi -f 删除镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像ID 删除单个镜像
docker rmi -f 镜像名1:TAG 镜像名2:TAG 删除多个
docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa) 删除全部

Container

#新建容器
docker run [option] image [command]
	--name="容器新名字": 为容器指定一个名称；
	-d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID，也即启动守护式容器；
	-i：以交互模式运行容器，通常与 -t 同时使用；
	-t：为容器重新分配一个伪输入终端，通常与 -i 同时使用；
	-P: 随机端口映射；
	-p: 指定端口映射
	
[root@controller ~] docker run --name testco1 -dit -P  centos /bin/bash
dad93cafdcf2e29f56703c06058814e09373c82da2108050d2892686d33f2f67

# 查看已启动容器
[root@controller ~]# docker ps
	-a：列出当前所有正在运行的容器+历史上运行过的
	-l：显示最近创建的容器
	-n：显示最近n个创建的容器
	-q：静默模式，只显示容器编号
	--no-trunc：不截断输出
	
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
dad93cafdcf2   centos    "/bin/bash"   40 seconds ago   Up 39 seconds             testco1

#进入容器
[root@controller ~] docker attach testco
[root@dee0506983a6 /]#

#退出容器
[root@dee0506983a6 /]# exit
or ctrl+q+p 容器不停止退出

#容器启动停止
启动容器：docker start 容器ID或者容器名
重启容器：docker restart 容器ID或者容器名
停止容器：docker stop 容器ID或者容器名
强制停止容器：docker kill 容器ID或者容器名

#删除已停止容器
删除单个容器：docker rm 容器ID
删除多个容器：docker rm -f $(docker ps -a -q)

重要指令

#打印日志
docker logs 容器ID
	-t：是加入时间戳
	-f：跟随最新的日志打印
	--tail：数字显示最后多少条
[root@controller ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 3a4d6964f0e7

2022-04-02T03:32:46.665556554Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:46.665 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp
2022-04-02T03:32:46.793829826Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:46.793 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.31] using APR version [1.7.0].
2022-04-02T03:32:46.793862170Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:46.793 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true], UDS [true].
2022-04-02T03:32:46.802781816Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:46.802 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.initializeSSL OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1n  15 Mar 2022]
2022-04-02T03:32:47.374406938Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.371 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
2022-04-02T03:32:47.416283648Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.414 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Server initialization in [1404] milliseconds
2022-04-02T03:32:47.496488539Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.496 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
2022-04-02T03:32:47.496562918Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.496 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.0.18]
2022-04-02T03:32:47.518440878Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.516 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
2022-04-02T03:32:47.535351228Z 02-Apr-2022 03:32:47.535 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [120] milliseconds

#查看容器内进程
root@controller ~]# docker top 3a4d6964f0e7
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                6832                6813                2                   11:32               ?                   00:00:03            /usr/local/openjdk-11/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

#查看容器详细信息
[root@controller ~]# docker inspect 3a4d6964f0e7

[
    {
        "Id": "3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c",
        "Created": "2022-03-31T09:56:58.714058461Z",
        "Path": "catalina.sh",
        "Args": [
            "run"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 6832,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-04-02T03:32:44.170435831Z",
            "FinishedAt": "2022-04-02T02:24:22.572335853Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:2b35e80091ed529ecb0287e9d515314cfb007f3ccf29b5f7e9a3b8e50174ff8b",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c/3a4d6964f0e7ff04bfa435546c67ff9180a3cd50081bab01a3f76a83a4ac7e2c-json.log",
        "Name": "/testport1",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {

# 从容器内拷贝文件到主机上
docker cp 容器ID:容器内路径 目标主机路径

#进入容器
[root@controller ~]# docker attach 3a4d6964f0e7
#可能会卡住，当docker容器在 “-d”守护态运行的时候，那么这个时候，用户就无法直接进入到容器中去，docker attach 容器id 就会一直卡着。因为此时容器运行的进程是ssh，而不是/bin/bash 也没有虚拟终端（-it）参数，所以是进入不到的，
此时可用exec
[root@controller ~]# docker exec -it 3a4d6964f0e7 /bin/bash
root@3a4d6964f0e7:/usr/local/tomcat#

不会长胖的斜杠

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CentOS Docker 常用命令

Docker 基础# 版本信息[root@controller ~]# docker versionClient: Docker Engine - Community Version: 20.10.14 API version: 1.41 Go version: go1.16.15 Git commit: a224086 Built: Thu Mar 24 01:47:44 2022 OS/Arch:
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