对于 PreparedStatement 或 CallableStatement，方法 executeQuery() 不能带有参数

对于 PreparedStatement 或 CallableStatement，方法 executeQuery() 不能带有参数

今天在学习JDBC过程中，运行在运用PreparedStatement中的executeQuery方法一直报错。

代码如下

import java.sql.*;

class Demo5{
    static final String URL = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=测试";
    static final String USER = "sa";
    static final String PASSWORD = "";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection con = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USER, PASSWORD);

            String sql = "UPDATE test SET Number = ?";
            pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);

            pstmt.setInt(1, 1);
            pstmt.setInt(1, 2);
            int rows = pstmt.executeUpdate();
            System.out.println("Rows impacted: " + rows);

            sql = "SELECT * FROM test";
            ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(sql);  //程序报错

            while(rs.next()){
                String id = rs.getString("id");
                int number = rs.getInt("Number");

                System.out.println(id + "     " + number);
            }

            con.close();
            pstmt.close();
            rs.close();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

其中这一段代码一直报错

sql = "SELECT * FROM test";
ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery(sql);  //程序报错

将这段代码改为下面所示之后便可以正常运行

sql = "SELECT * FROM test";
pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();