Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2)
Amazon EC2 presents a true virtual computing environment, allowing you to use web service interfaces to launch instances with a variety of operating systems, load them with your custom application environment, manage your network’s access permissions, and run your image using as many or few systems as you desire.
简单滴说EC2就是个虚拟机。
EC2实例配置：
Standard Instances
Instances of this family are well suited for most applications.
- 1.Small Instance (Default) 1.7 GB of memory, 1 EC2 Compute Unit (1 virtual core with 1 EC2 Compute Unit), 160 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit or 64-bit platform
- 2.Medium Instance 3.75 GB of memory, 2 EC2 Compute Units (1 virtual core with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 410 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit or 64-bit platform
- 3.Large Instance 7.5 GB of memory, 4 EC2 Compute Units (2 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 850 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
- 4.Extra Large Instance 15 GB of memory, 8 EC2 Compute Units (4 virtual cores with 2 EC2 Compute Units each), 1690 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
High-Memory Instances
Instances of this family offer large memory sizes for high throughput applications, including database and memory caching applications.
- 1.High-Memory Extra Large Instance 17.1 GB memory, 6.5 ECU (2 virtual cores with 3.25 EC2 Compute Units each), 420 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
- 2.High-Memory Double Extra Large Instance 34.2 GB of memory, 13 EC2 Compute Units (4 virtual cores with 3.25 EC2 Compute Units each), 850 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
- 3.High-Memory Quadruple Extra Large Instance 68.4 GB of memory, 26 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 3.25 EC2 Compute Units each), 1690 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
High-CPU Instances
Instances of this family have proportionally more CPU resources than memory (RAM) and are well suited for compute-intensive applications.
- 1.High-CPU Medium Instance 1.7 GB of memory, 5 EC2 Compute Units (2 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each), 350 GB of local instance storage, 32-bit or 64-bit platform
- 2.High-CPU Extra Large Instance 7 GB of memory, 20 EC2 Compute Units (8 virtual cores with 2.5 EC2 Compute Units each), 1690 GB of local instance storage, 64-bit platform
海外服务器如果不考虑mongodb 备份
EC2收费方式：
Pricing is per instance-hour consumed for each instance, from the time an instance is launched until it is terminated. Each partial instance-hour consumed will be billed as a full hour.
计费方式为，服务器状态为running 按照每小时收费，不足一小时按照一小时收费。
EC2的 计费方式有三种 具体详见 http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/ ：
1. On-Demand Instances 这种基本上是按照使 用/小时支付。
2. Reserved Instances 按照年预支付的,计费 方式和 On-Demand Instance 一样，其中又分为3小类
Light Utilization Reserved Instances
Medium Utilization Reserved Instances
Heavy Utilization Reserved Instances
这几种的区别就是，预存的话费越多越便宜
3. Spot Instance
在这种服务中，用户可以自己定价，定下用户愿意接受的最高价格，来租用EC2服务的闲散资源。亚马逊根据供需情况会周期性的发布即时价格，当用户最高限价 高于其即时价格时，服务进行，且实际支付价格为系统即时价格。当用户最高限价低于即时价格时，系统自动终止服务，待即时价格低于用户最高限价时服务再次启 动。这对于用户的预算是一个更灵活的保证方式。这种模式更适合于需要大量计算能力但对计算响应要求不高的用户，如科学计算等。当然，用户需要自行保证使用 Spot instance的应用对于随时宕机具有调整能力。
支出的对比表:
|
Annual Cost Comparison (100% utilization)
| ||||
| | Do-It-Yourself | EC2 On-Demand | EC2 Reserved (1 Year Term) | EC2 Reserved (3 Year Term) |
| Usage Costs | - | $ 157,680 | $ 75,411 | $ 48,123 |
| Server Hardware | $ 20,129 | - | - | - |
| Network Hardware | $ 4,026 | - | - | - |
| Hardware Maintenance | $ 28,986 | - | - | - |
| Operating System | $ – | - | - | - |
| Facility Expense | $ 131,382 | - | - | - |
| Remote Hands Support | $ 1,014 | - | - | - |
| Data Transfer Costs | $ 10,071 | $ 6,138 | $ 6,138 | $ 6,138 |
| TOTAL COST | $ 195,608.00 | $ 163,818.00 | $ 81,550.00 | $ 54,263.00 |
EC2还有一些额外的计费
Data Transfer**
Internet Data Transfer
The pricing below is based on data transferred "in" and "out" of Amazon EC2.
| Pricing | |
|---|---|
| Data Transfer IN | |
| All data transfer in | $0.000 per GB |
| Data Transfer OUT | |
| First 1 GB / month | $0.000 per GB |
| Up to 10 TB / month | $0.120 per GB |
| Next 40 TB / month | $0.090 per GB |
| Next 100 TB / month | $0.070 per GB |
| Next 350 TB / month | $0.050 per GB |
| Next 524 TB / month | Contact Us |
| Next 4 PB / month | Contact Us |
| Greater than 5 PB / month | |
Amazon Elastic Block Store
Amazon EBS Volumes
- $0.10 per GB-month of provisioned storage
- $0.10 per 1 million I/O requests
Amazon EBS Snapshots to Amazon S3
- $0.125 per GB-month of data stored
Elastic Load Balancing
- $0.025 per Elastic Load Balancer-hour (or partial hour)
- $0.008 per GB of data processed by an Elastic Load Balancer
Q: Do your prices include taxes? Except as otherwise noted, our prices are exclusive of applicable taxes and duties, including VAT and applicable sales tax. For example, our prices for the Asia Pacific (Tokyo) Region are inclusive of Japan consumption tax.
根据地域不同估计还要收税。
Mongodb EC2
http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Amazon+EC2
http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Amazon+EC2+Quickstart#AmazonEC2Quickstart-Prerequisites
Storage Configuration
For storage we recommend using multiple EBS volumes (as opposed to instance-based storage which is ephemeral) in a RAID-based configuration. Specifically for production deployments you should use RAID 10 across 4-8 EBS volumes for the best performance. When deploying RAID 10, you'll need enough volume storage to be twice that of the desired available storage for MongoDB. Therefore for 8 GiB of available storage you'll need to have 16 GiB of allocated storage space across multiple EBS volumes.
存 储配置：官方推荐 RAID 1＋0 ，4-8 EBS
刘军看一下具体的配置把这个
amazon 自带的数据库中，没有mongodb所以需要自己组建mongodb 服务器
Database
其他：
一，Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)
1. Amazon EBS allows you to create storage volumes from 1 GB to 1 TB that can be mounted as devices by Amazon EC2 instances. Multiple volumes can be mounted to the same instance.
EBS 支持创建卷的大小从1GB 到1TB ，一台亚马逊实例可以加载多个卷
备注：（使用前）刘军同学测试加载多个卷的功能
2. Amazon EBS volumes are placed in a specific Availability Zone, and can then be attached to instances also in that same Availability Zone.
EBS卷被部署到了特定的可以用区域，并且只能挂载到在相同区域的实例
备注：目前这个对我们影响不大
3.Each storage volume is automatically replicated within the same Availability Zone. This prevents data loss due to failure of any single hardware component.
EBS卷 会自动备份
4.Amazon EBS also provides the ability to create point-in-time snapshots of volumes, which are persisted to Amazon S3. These snapshots can be used as the starting point for new Amazon EBS volumes, and protect data for long-term durability. The same snapshot can be used to instantiate as many volumes as you wish.
EBS卷可以创建 镜像 备份，这跟windows的哪个备份应该是差不多的，可以回滚到过去的某个时间的镜像。
5.Amazon CloudWatch exposes performance metrics for EBS volumes, giving you insight into bandwidth, throughput, latency, and queue depth. The metrics are accessible via the AWS CloudWatch API or the AWS Management Console. For more details, see Amazon CloudWatch.
亚马逊自带EBS 卷的监控，似乎是收费的，似乎是没有什么不收费的 see Amazon CloudWatch.
二，Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
Amazon S3 provides a simple web services interface that can be used to store and retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. It gives any developer access to the same highly scalable, reliable, secure, fast, inexpensive infrastructure that Amazon uses to run its own global network of web sites. The service aims to maximize benefits of scale and to pass those benefits on to developers.
简单的说，S3 提供了一组webservice 可以访问 S3存储服务，服务提供检索，添加，删除文件等服务。
S3和EBS的主要区别是 EBS是instance（实例）独享的 S3可以通过webservice 实现多台instance（实例） 共享。
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