驱动day5

思维导图

练习

实现设备文件和设备的绑定，编写LED驱动
head.h

#ifndef __HEAD_H__
#define __HEAD_H__

typedef struct 
{
    unsigned int MODER;
    unsigned int OTYPER;
    unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    unsigned int PUPDR;
    unsigned int IDR;
    unsigned int ORD;
}gpio_t;

#define GPIOE 0x50006000
#define GPIOF 0x50007000
#define RCC   0x50000A28

#define LED_ON  _IO('l', 1)
#define LED_OFF _IO('l', 0)  
#endif

mycdev.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "head.h"

unsigned int major; // 定义一个变量保存主设备号
char kbuf[128] = {0};

struct cdev *cdev;
unsigned int major = 0;
unsigned int minor = 0;
dev_t devno;
struct class *cls;
struct device *dev;
unsigned int *rcc;
gpio_t *led1;
gpio_t *led2;
gpio_t *led3;

// 封装操作方法
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    // printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
    minor = MINOR(inode->i_rdev);       // 获取 操作的文件的次设备号
    file->private_data = (void *)minor; // 将次设备当作file对象的私有数据存放
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
    printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
    int ret;
    if (size > sizeof(kbuf))
        size = sizeof(kbuf);
    ret = copy_to_user(ubuf, kbuf, size);
    if (ret)
    {
        printk("copy_to_user failed\n");
        return ret;
    }
    return 0;
}
ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *lof)
{
    int ret;
    if (size > sizeof(kbuf))
        size = sizeof(kbuf);
    ret = copy_from_user(kbuf, ubuf, size);
    if (ret)
    {
        printk("copy_from_user failed\n");
        return ret;
    }
    switch (kbuf[0]) // 选灯
    {
    case '1':
        if (kbuf[1] == '1') // 开灯
            led1->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
        else if (kbuf[1] == '0') // 关灯
            led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
        break;
    case '2':
        if (kbuf[1] == '1')
            led2->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
        else if (kbuf[1] == '0')
            led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
        break;
    case '3':
        if (kbuf[1] == '1')
            led3->ORD |= (0x1 << 8);
        else if (kbuf[1] == '0')
            led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    // printk("%s:%s:%d\n", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);
    return 0;
}
long mycdev_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    unsigned int which = (unsigned int)file->private_data; // 获取到open中得到的文件的次设备号;
    switch (which) // 根据次设备号的不同控制不同的LED灯
    {
    case 0: // LED1控制
        switch (cmd)
        {
        case LED_ON: // LED1开灯
            led1->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
            break;
        case LED_OFF: // LED1关灯
            led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));

            break;
        }
        break;
    case 1: // LED2控制
        switch (cmd)
        {
        case LED_ON: // LED2开灯
            led2->ORD |= (0x1 << 10);
            break;
        case LED_OFF: // LED2关灯
            led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));

            break;
        }
        break;
    case 2: // LED3
        switch (cmd)
        {
        case LED_ON: // LED3开灯
            led3->ORD |= (0x1 << 8);
            break;
        case LED_OFF: // LED3关灯
            led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));

            break;
        }
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
// 定义一个操作方法结构体变量并且初始化
struct file_operations fops = {
    .open = mycdev_open,
    .release = mycdev_close,
    .read = mycdev_read,
    .write = mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl = mycdev_ioctl,
};

// LED初始化
int all_led_init(void)
{
    // 完成硬件寄存器物理内存的映射
    led1 = ioremap(GPIOE, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (led1 == NULL)
    {
        printk("led1物理内存映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }

    led2 = ioremap(GPIOF, sizeof(gpio_t));
    if (led2 == NULL)
    {
        printk("led2物理内存映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }

    led3 = led1;

    rcc = ioremap(RCC, 4);
    if (rcc == NULL)
    {
        printk("rcc物理内存映射失败\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }

    printk("物理内存映射成功\n");

    // rcc使能
    (*rcc) |= (0x3 << 4);
    // 硬件寄存器初始化
    led1->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    led1->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
    led2->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 20));
    led2->MODER |= (0x1 << 20);
    led3->MODER &= (~(0x3 << 16));
    led3->MODER |= (0x1 << 16);
    // 默认关灯
    led1->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    led2->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 10));
    led3->ORD &= (~(0x1 << 8));

    return 0;
}

static int __init mycdev_init(void)
{
    // 1.分配字符设备驱动对象
    int ret;
    cdev = cdev_alloc();
    if (cdev == NULL)
    {
        printk("申请字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
        ret = -EFAULT;
        goto OUT1;
    }
    printk("申请字符设备驱动对象成功\n");

    // 2.初始化字符设备驱动对象
    cdev_init(cdev, &fops);

    // 3.申请设备号
    if (major > 0) // 静态指定
    {
        ret = register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3, "mycdev");
        if (ret)
        {
            printk("静态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto OUT2;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, minor, 3, "mycdev");
        if (ret)
        {
            printk("动态指定设备号失败\n");
            goto OUT2;
        }
        minor = MINOR(devno); // 根据设备号获取次设备号
        major = MAJOR(devno); // 根据设备号获取主设备号
    }
    printk("申请设备号成功\n");

    // 4.注册字符设备驱动对象
    ret = cdev_add(cdev, MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
    if (ret)
    {
        printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
        goto OUT3;
    }
    printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");

    // 5.向上提交设备目录
    cls = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "mycdev");
    if (IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
        ret = -PTR_ERR(cls);
        goto OUT4;
    }
    printk("向上提交目录成功\n");

    // 6.向上提交设备节点信息
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        dev = device_create(cls, NULL, MKDEV(major, i), NULL, "mycdev%d", i);
        if (IS_ERR(dev))
        {
            printk("向上提交设备节点信息失败\n");
            ret = -PTR_ERR(dev);
            goto OUT5;
        }
    }
    printk("向上提交设备节点信息成功\n");

    all_led_init();
    return 0;
OUT5:
    for (--i; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i)); // 释放提交成功的设备信息
    }
    class_destroy(cls); // 销毁目录
OUT4:
    cdev_del(cdev);
OUT3:
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
OUT2:
    kfree(cdev);
OUT1:
    return ret;
}

static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
{
    // 取消物理内存的映射
    iounmap(rcc);
    iounmap(led1);
    iounmap(led2);

    // 销毁设备节点信息
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        device_destroy(cls, MKDEV(major, i));
    }
    // 销毁目录
    class_destroy(cls);
    // 注销字符设备驱动对象
    cdev_del(cdev);
    // 释放设备号
    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major, minor), 3);
    // 释放对象空间
    kfree(cdev);
}

module_init(mycdev_init);
module_exit(mycdev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

test.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "head.h"

int main(int argc, char const *agrv[])
{
    int a, b, fd;

    while (1)
    {
    LAB:
        printf("请输入要控制的灯: 1(LED1)  2(LED2)  3(LED3)  4(退出)  >");
        scanf("%d", &a);
        switch (a)
        {
        case 1:
            fd = open("/dev/mycdev0", O_RDWR);
            break;
        case 2:
            fd = open("/dev/mycdev1", O_RDWR);
            break;
        case 3:
            fd = open("/dev/mycdev2", O_RDWR);
            break;
        case 4:
            return 0;
        default:
            printf("输入错误，请重新输入!\n");
            goto LAB;
        }
        if (fd < 0)
        {
            printf("打开设备文件失败\n");
            exit(-1);
        }

        while (1)
        {
            printf("请输入要实现的功能: 0(关灯)  1(开灯)  2(重选灯)       >");
            scanf("%d", &b);
            switch (b)
            {
            case 0:
                ioctl(fd, LED_OFF);
                break;
            case 1:
                ioctl(fd, LED_ON);
                break;
            case 2:
                close(fd);
                goto LAB1;
            default:
                printf("输入错误，请重新输入!\n");
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

实验现象