使用信号灯集实现，三个进程分别输出ABCABCABCABCABC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/EZ163/article/details/133956745

#include<head.h>
#include"sem.h"
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
   pid_t pid1,pid2;
   int semid;
   int num=5;
   if((pid1=fork())==0)
   {
       if((semid=init_sem())==-1)
       {
           printf("init_sem errorr");
           return -1;
       }
       while(num--)
       {
           P(semid,0);
           printf("A");
           fflush(stdout);
           V(semid,1);
           sleep(1);
       }
       exit(0);
   }
   else if((pid2=fork())==0)
   {
       if((semid=init_sem())==-1)
       {
           printf("init_sem errorr");
           return -1;
       }
       while(num--)
       {
           P(semid,1);
           printf("B");
           fflush(stdout);
           V(semid,2);
           sleep(1);
       }
       exit(0);
   }
   else
   {
       if((semid=init_sem())==-1)
       {
           printf("init_sem errorr");
           return -1;
       }
       while(num--)
       {
           P(semid,2);
           printf("C");
           fflush(stdout);
           V(semid,0);
           sleep(1);
       }
       printf("\n");
   }
   wait(NULL);
   wait(NULL);
   sem_del(semid);
   return 0;
}

#ifndef __SEM_H__
#define __SEM_H__
int init_sem();
int init_semnum_value(int semid,int semnum,int value);

int P(int semid,int semnum); //申请信号灯集的资源

int V(int semid,int semnum); //释放信号灯集的资源

int sem_del(int semid); //删除信号灯集
#endif

#include<head.h>
union semun
{
   int val; /* Value for SETVAL */
   struct semid_ds *buf; /* Buffer for IPC_STAT, IPC_SET */
   unsigned short *array; /* Array for GETALL, SETALL */
   struct seminfo *__buf; /* Buffer for IPC_INFO
                               (Linux-specific) */
};

int init_semnum_value(int semid,int semnum,int value)
{
   union semun s;
   s.val=value;

   if(semctl(semid,semnum,SETVAL,s)<0)
   {
       perror("semctl error");
       return -1;
   }
   return 0;
}
//创建并初始化一个信号灯集
int init_sem()
{
   key_t key;
   if((key=ftok("./",'q'))<0)
   {
       perror("ftok error");
       return -1;
   }
   //创建信号灯集
   int semid;
   if((semid=semget(key,3,IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0664))<0)
   {
       //若文件存在切被创建直接赋予信号灯集id
       if(errno==EEXIST)
       {
           semid=semget(key,3,IPC_CREAT|0664);
       }
       else
       {
       perror("semget error");
       return -1;
       }
   }
   else
   {
   //初始化信号灯
   init_semnum_value(semid,0,1);
   init_semnum_value(semid,1,0);
   init_semnum_value(semid,2,0);
   }

   return semid;
}

//申请信号灯集的资源
int P(int semid,int semnum)
{
   struct sembuf buf;
   buf.sem_num=semnum;
   buf.sem_op=-1; //表示申请资源
   buf.sem_flg=0;
   if(semop(semid,&buf,1)<0)
   {
       perror("P error");
       return -1;
   }
   return 0;
}
//释放信号灯集的资源
int V(int semid,int semnum)
{
   struct sembuf buf;
   buf.sem_num=semnum;
   buf.sem_op=1; //表示释放资源
   buf.sem_flg=0;
   if(semop(semid,&buf,1)<0)
   {
       perror("V error");
       return -1;
   }
   return 0;

}
//删除信号灯集
int sem_del(int semid)
{
   if(semctl(semid,0,IPC_RMID,0)<0)
   {
       perror("semctl error");
       return -1;
   }
   return 0;