【笔记：Java/GUI】

莱布尼杰

已于 2022-05-05 22:44:33 修改

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java

于 2022-04-30 21:24:36 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Editplusplusplus/article/details/124519037

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一、GUI编程

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件

1.简介

Gui的核心：Swing AWT，使用 C++更便捷美观

界面不美观。
需要jre环境

为什么要学习？

可以写出一下我们想要的小工具
工作时候，也可能需要维护到Swing界面，概率极小！
了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2.AWT

2.1 AWT介绍

AWT(Abstract Windows Tool)

包含了很多类和接口！ GUI：图形用户界面编程
元素：窗口、按钮、文本框
java.awt

2.2 组件和容器

1、frame

package lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("Java图形界面窗口");

        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(13, 190, 245));
        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置大小固定（不能靠拖拽改变大小）
        frame.setResizable(false);

    }
}

颜色在Idea左侧可以选取

建立多个窗口

package lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.pink);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //多个窗口计数器
    static int id = 0;
    public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame"+ (++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);//窗口位置和大小
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2、Panel

package lesson01;

import javax.print.attribute.standard.PresentationDirection;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground( new Color(201, 141, 243));

        //Panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(178, 236, 98));

        //frame.add(panel)
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.3 布局管理器

流式布局 Flow

package lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //按钮组件
        Button button1 = new Button("button01");
        Button button2 = new Button("button02");
        Button button3 = new Button("button03");

        //设置为流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认中间
//        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
//        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        //按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东南西北中 Border

package lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(500,500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局 Grid

package lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

总结：

Frame是一个顶级窗口
Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到啊某个容器中
布局管理器
1. 流式布局
2. 东南西北中
3. 表格
大小、定位、背景颜色、可见性、监听

2.4 事件监听

当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.BufferedReader;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();

        windowClose(frame);//关闭窗口
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
    //关闭窗口事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                super.windowClosing(e);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮，共享一个事件

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button start = new Button("start");
        Button stop = new Button("stop");

        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        start.setActionCommand("start");
        stop.setActionCommand("stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();

        start.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        stop.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(start,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(stop,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了 =>" + e.getActionCommand());
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
            System.out.println("start");
        }
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("stop")){
            System.out.println("stop");
        }
    }
}

2.5 输入框TextFiled监听

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动！
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame()  {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 listener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        textField.addActionListener(listener2);

        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyActionListener2  implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
    }
}

//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');

2.6 简易计算器

oop原则：组合，大于继承

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //三个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField num3 = new TextField(40);

        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListrener(num1,num2,num3));

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListrener implements ActionListener{

    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;

    public MyCalculatorListrener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        //1.获得加数与被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;

        //2.将值加法运算后放入第三个框
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清楚前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造为面向对象

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().lodeFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void lodeFrame(){

        num1 = new TextField(10);
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(40);

        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListrener(this));

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListrener implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListrener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        //1.获得加数与被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText()) ;
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText()) ;

        //2.将值加法运算后放入第三个框
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清楚前两个框
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类：更好的包装

package lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().lodeFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;

    //方法
    public void lodeFrame(){

        num1 = new TextField(10);
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(40);

        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListrener());

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //监听器类（内部类）
    //最大的好处：畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法
    private class MyCalculatorListrener implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

            //1.获得加数与被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;

            //2.将值加法运算后放入第三个框
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

            //3.清楚前两个框
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.7 画笔

package lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().lodeFrame();

    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void lodeFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，有颜色、可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//实心圆

        g.setColor(Color.green);
        g.drawRect(150,200,200,100);
    }
}

2.8 鼠标监听

目的：实现鼠标画画

package lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;

//鼠标监听
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //需要画笔、需要监听鼠标当前位置，需要集合存储这个点
    ArrayList points;
    
    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        setVisible(true);

        //存鼠标的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标事件
        for (Object point : points) {
            g.setColor(Color.blue);
            Point e = (Point) point;
            g.fillOval(e.x,e.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠标按下、弹起、按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //点击时产生一个点
            //这个点是鼠标的点
            myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            myFrame.repaint();//刷新
        }
    }
}

2.9 窗口监听

package lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(
            //匿名内部类
            new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowOpened");
                }

                @Override
                //关闭窗口
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowClosing");
                    System.exit(0);
                }
                @Override
                //激活窗口
                public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.out.println("windowActivated");
                }
            }
        );
    }
}

2.10 键盘监听

package lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
         setBounds(100,100,300,400);
         setVisible(true);

         this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
             //键盘按下
             @Override
             public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                 //键盘按下的键是哪一个
                 int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//键盘当前的码
                 //这个值不需要记录，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
                 System.out.println(keyCode);
                 if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                     System.out.println("你输入了上键");
                 }
             }
         });
    }
}

3.Swing

3.1 窗口、面板

package lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    public void init(){
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        //设置文字label
        JLabel label = new JLabel("啦啦啦");
        frame.add(label);

        //文本居中,水平对齐
         label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //容器实例化
        Container container = frame.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.cyan);

        //关闭事件
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-ySDrxig7-1651324849411)(https://s2.loli.net/2022/04/30/G1rqn5NoApQMhWd.png)]

3.2 弹窗

package lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame放东西需要容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出对话框");
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        //监听器
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialog();
            }
        });

        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //弹窗自动关闭，不用写
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
    }
}

3.3 标签

label

new JLabel(XXX);

图标ICON

package lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {}//无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) throws HeadlessException {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("iconTest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片ICON

package lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo() {
        //获取图片地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("猫猫.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

3.4 面板

JPanel

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class lesson05.TestJPanel extends JFrame {
    public lesson05.TestJPanel(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new lesson05.TestJPanel();

    }
}

JscrollPanel

package lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JscrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JscrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea testArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        testArea.setText("你好");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(testArea);
        container.add(jScrollPane);
        
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JscrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5按钮

图片按钮

package lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("猫猫.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //图片放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("这是悬浮提示");

        //add
        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮（JRadioButton）

package lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("猫猫.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组,一个组只能选一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(jRadioButton1);
        group.add(jRadioButton2);
        group.add(jRadioButton3);

        container.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

复选按钮（JCheckBox）

package lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将图片变为图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("猫猫.jpg");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox01 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");
        JCheckBox checkBox02 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");
        JCheckBox checkBox03 = new JCheckBox("checkBox03");

        container.add(checkBox01,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(checkBox02,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(checkBox03,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6 列表

下拉框（JComboBox）

package lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboBoxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboBoxDemo01() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JComboBox box = new JComboBox();

        box.addItem(null);
        box.addItem("正在上映");
        box.addItem("已下架");
        box.addItem("即将上架");
        box.addItem(null);

        container.add(box);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboBoxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框（JList）

package lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboBoxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboBoxDemo02() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();

        //放入内容
        JList list = new JList(contents);

        contents.add("张三");
        contents.add("李四");
        contents.add("王五");

        container.add(list);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboBoxDemo02();
    }
}

应用场景
- 下拉框：选择地区，或一些单个选项
- 列表：展示信息，一般是动态扩容

3.7 文本框

文本框（JTextField）

package lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JTextField textField01 = new JTextField("Hello");
        JTextField textField02 = new JTextField("World",20);

        container.add(textField01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框（JPasswordField）

package lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');//默认是.

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域（（JTextArea）常配合面板使用）

package lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JscrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JscrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea testArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        testArea.setText("你好");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(testArea);
        container.add(jScrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JscrollDemo();
    }
}

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【笔记：Java/GUI】

文章目录GUI编程1.简介2.AWT2.1 AWT介绍2.2 组件和容器1、frame2、Panel2.3 布局管理器2.4 事件监听2.5 输入框TextFiled监听2.6 简易计算器2.7 画笔2.8 鼠标监听2.9 窗口监听2.10 键盘监听3.Swing3.1 窗口、面板3.2 弹窗3.3 标签3.4 面板3.5按钮3.6 列表3.7 文本框GUI编程组件窗口弹窗面板文本框列表框按钮图片监听事件鼠标键盘事件1.简介Gui的核心：Swing AWT，使用 C++更便捷
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