PostgreSQL sixth class

1. 一维索引

primary: index on unique field, may be sorted on A
clustering: index on non-unique field, file sorted on A
secondary: file not sorted on A

dense: every tuple is referenced by an entry in the index file
sparse: only some tuples are referenced by index file entries
single-level: tuples are accessed directly from the index file
multi-level: may need to access several index pages to reach tuple

一般情况下，主键索引都是dense的，index file 是 sorted。

2. index
   Data file sorted: primary index
   Data file sorted but one index for each key values
   clustering index
   Data file unsorted: secondary index

3. B + tree
   类似 2 3 4 tree
   但是可以有重复node

4. n 维索引

5. bit-map index

6. MA hashing

   choice vector
   多列构成近似一个唯一的hash值
   cv是可以配置的
   notice: range query 在 hash 情况下 不起优化作用
   所有内容都是由规定好的cv生成的对应的hash