Spring-cloud之服务链路追踪

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-08 14:15:57 发布

EinBlatt

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-08 14:15:57 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Ein_Blatt/article/details/94962854

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如果你的服务少了,在调用服务时,谁依赖谁应该能看的很清楚，但是成百上千个服务,a调用b，b又调用c，a又调用c，x调用y
那么这么长的服务链我们如何清楚的知道他们之间的调用关系以便系统出现问题时进行定位追踪,解决

那么ZipKin登场了

ZipKin:是一个开放源代码的分布式跟踪系统，由 Twitter 公司开源，它致力于收集服务的定时数据，以解决微服务架构中的延迟问题，包括数据的收集、存储、查找和展现,每个服务向 ZipKin 报告计时数据，ZipKin 会根据调用关系通过 ZipKin UI 生成依赖关系图，显示了多少跟踪请求通过每个服务，该系统让开发者可通过一个 Web 前端轻松的收集和分析数据，例如用户每次请求服务的处理时间等，可方便的监测系统中存在的瓶颈

听着这功能就感觉很牛逼,来一发走起

但在使用ZipKin之前先要了解它的一些术语,就像想使用一个新的产品就要先阅读它的说明书一样

Span：基本工作单元，例如，在一个新建的 Span 中发送一个 RPC 等同于发送一个回应请求给 RPC，Span 通过一个 64 位 ID 唯一标识，Trace 以另一个 64 位 ID 表示。
Trace：一系列 Spans 组成的一个树状结构，例如，如果你正在运行一个分布式大数据工程，你可能需要创建一个 Trace。
Annotation：用来即使记录一个事件的存在，一些核心 Annotations 用来定义一个请求的开始和结束
- cs：Client Sent，客户端发起一个请求，这个 Annotation 描述了这个 Span 的开始
- sr：Server Received，服务端获得请求并准备开始处理它，如果将其 sr 减去 cs 时间戳便可得到网络延迟
- ss：Server Sent 表明请求处理的完成(当请求返回客户端)，如果 ss 减去 sr 时间戳便可得到服务端需要的处理请求时间
- cr：Client Received 表明 Span 的结束，客户端成功接收到服务端的回复，如果 cr 减去 cs 时间戳便可得到客户端从服务端获取回复的所有所需时间

好了继续,创建hello-spring-cloud-zipkin项目

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.funtl</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-zipkin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-zipkin</name>
    <url>http://www.funtl.com</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.zipkin.ZipKinApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

主要增加了 3 个依赖，io.zipkin.java:zipkin、io.zipkin.java:zipkin-server、io.zipkin.java:zipkinautoconfigureui
注意版本号为：2.10.1 可以托管到 dependencies项目中

dependencies项目的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.funtl</groupId>
    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</name>
    <url>http://www.funtl.com</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <properties>
        <!-- Environment Settings -->
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- Spring Settings -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        <zipkin.version>2.10.1</zipkin.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
                <artifactId>zipkin</artifactId>
                <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
                <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
                <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
                <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
                <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 打包 jar 文件时，配置 manifest 文件，加入 lib 包的 jar 依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <archive>
                                <manifest>
                                    <!-- Add directory entries -->
                                    <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                                    <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
                                    <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                                </manifest>
                            </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- resource -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- install -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- clean -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- ant -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- dependency -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- Java Document Generate -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>jar</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>

                <!-- YUI Compressor (CSS/JS压缩) -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>yuicompressor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.5.1</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>compress</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <jswarn>false</jswarn>
                        <nosuffix>true</nosuffix>
                        <linebreakpos>30000</linebreakpos>
                        <force>true</force>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.js</include>
                            <include>**/*.css</include>
                        </includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.js</exclude>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.css</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos-s</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

创建项目的application文件 ZipKinApplication.class
需要加上注解@EnableZipkinServer 开启 Zipkin Server 功能还有eureka客户端,要注册到eureka上

package com.einblatt.hello.spring.cloud.zipkin;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import zipkin.server.internal.EnableZipkinServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZipkinServer
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ZipKinApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZipKinApplication.class,args);
    }
}

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-zipkin

server:
  port: 9411      //zipkin默认端口

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

management:
  metrics:
    web:
      server:
        auto-time-requests: false

追踪服务,每个项目都要进行跟踪,包括eureka,也就是将需要追踪的服务注册到zipkin上,除了dependencies 项目外
增加spring-cloud-starter-zipkin 依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
</dependency>

并且在这些项目的application.yml中增加

spring:
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411

测试zipkin是否追踪成功,访问任意被跟踪的服务
然后再访问http://localhost:9411/

若能追踪到你访问的服务则配置zipkin成功!

EinBlatt

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Spring-cloud之服务链路追踪

如果你的服务少了,在调用服务时,谁依赖谁应该能看的很清楚，但是成百上千个服务,a调用b，b又调用c，a又调用c，x调用y那么这么长的服务链我们如何清楚的知道他们之间的调用关系以便系统出现问题时进行定位追踪,解决那么ZipKin登场了ZipKin:是一个开放源代码的分布式跟踪系统，由 Twitter 公司开源，它致力于收集服务的定时数据，以解决微服务架构中的延迟问题，包括数据的收集、存储、查找和...
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