现在大多数网站都需要用邮件进行验证,springboot对邮件服务进行了进程,我们可以很方便的使用它,一起来看看吧。
首先新建一个springboot工程
添加相关依赖
修改pom.xml文件,添加相关依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
主要是邮件服务相关的依赖
修改application.properties文件
添加邮件服务的配置,以163邮箱为例
#邮箱服务器地址
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
#用户名
spring.mail.username=eknaij@163.com
#密码
spring.mail.password=
spring.mail.port=25
spring.mail.protocol=smtp
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
#以谁来发送邮件
mail.fromMail.addr=eknaij@163.com
注意:
密码填写客户端的授权码,详情登录网易邮箱,在页面上方选择设置->POP3/SMTP/IMAP
然后可以看到如下页面,可以在下方看到邮件服务器地址
左边可以进入设置自己的客户端授权码
service
新建一个service包,用来存放相关接口
新建一个MailServer 接口,内容如下
package com.eknaij.springbootemail.service;
public interface MailServer {
/**
* to :接受者
* subject:主题
* content: 正文
* **/
/**发送普通的邮件**/
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);
/**发送html格式的邮件**/
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);
/**发送带附件**/
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);
/**发送带静态自愿的邮件**/
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId);
}
实现类
编写MailServer 接口的实现类
package com.eknaij.springbootemail.serviceImpl;
import com.eknaij.springbootemail.service.MailServer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;
@Component
public class MailService implements MailServer {
private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender mailSender;
@Value("${mail.fromMail.addr}") //传值过来
private String from;
@Override
public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
message.setFrom(from);
message.setTo(to);
message.setSubject(subject);
message.setText(content);
try {
mailSender.send(message);
logger.info("简单邮件已经发送。");
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("发送简单邮件时发生异常!", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
//true表示需要创建一个multipart message
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
mailSender.send(message);
logger.info("html邮件发送成功");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
logger.error("发送html邮件时发生异常!", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
String fileName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(File.separator));
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file);
//helper.addAttachment("test"+fileName, file);
mailSender.send(message);
logger.info("带附件的邮件已经发送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
logger.error("发送带附件的邮件时发生异常!", e);
}
}
@Override
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
try {
MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(from);
helper.setTo(to);
helper.setSubject(subject);
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
logger.info("嵌入静态资源的邮件已经发送。");
} catch (MessagingException e) {
logger.error("发送嵌入静态资源的邮件时发生异常!", e);
}
}
}
添加多个附件可以使用多条 helper.addAttachment(fileName,file)
添加多个静态资源可以用多条helper.addInline(rscId,res)来实现
单元测试
- 这里先实现纯文本邮件的发送
在自带的单元测试中加入需要测试的内容:
package com.eknaij.springbootemail;
import com.eknaij.springbootemail.service.MailServer;
import com.eknaij.springbootemail.serviceImpl.MailService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootemailApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
mailService.sendSimpleMail("eknaij@qq.com","测试发送简单邮件","这是简单邮件");
}
}
运行后可能需要一定的时间反应,之后就可以日志输出邮件发送成功:
在邮箱也可以看到邮件了:
- 测试发送html格式的邮件
在测试类中添加测试方法
@Test
public void testHtmlMail() throws Exception {
String content="<html>\n" +
"<body>\n" +
" <h3>hello world ! 这是一封html邮件!</h3>\n" +
"</body>\n" +
"</html>";
mailService.sendHtmlMail("eknaij@qq.com","测试发送html邮件",content);
}
- 测试发送带附件的邮件
在测试类中添加测试方法
@Test
public void sendAttachmentsMail() {
String filePath="C:\\Users\\admin\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt";
mailService.sendAttachmentsMail("eknaij@qq.com", "主题:带附件的邮件", "有附件,请查收!", filePath);
}
- 测试发送带静态自愿的邮件
在测试类中添加方法
@Test
public void sendInlineResourceMail() {
String rscId = "test888666";
String content="<html><body>这是有图片的邮件:<img src=\'cid:" + rscId + "\' ></body></html>";
String imgPath = "C:\\Users\\admin\\Desktop\\111.png";
mailService.sendInlineResourceMail("eknaij@qq.com", "主题:这是有图片的邮件", content, imgPath, rscId);
}
添加多个图片可以使用多条 <imgsrc=‘cid:" + rscId + "’>
这样基本的邮件服务我们就完成了,需要注意的是,有时候邮件会被自动归档到垃圾箱,注意查看一下