目录
题目![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210725182856751.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0VuZG9meWVhcm1peA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
搭建![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20210725182917375.jpg?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L0VuZG9meWVhcm1peA==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
建邻
1、先配置ip
2、在as2 中用igp(ospf/rip)跑通
3、配置bgp
R1
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]rouy
[R1-bgp]ro
[R1-bgp]rou
[R1-bgp]route-s
[R1-bgp]route
[R1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-bgp]pe
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as 2
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2
[R2]bgp 2
[R2-bgp]rout
[R2-bgp]route-i
[R2-bgp]route
[R2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-bgp]pe
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[R2-bgp]
Jul 25 2021 17:02:24-08:00 R2 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the peer 12.1.1.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, StateChangeReason=Up)
[R2-bgp]pe
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 con
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface l
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
在配置ibgp中用环回口作为源
R3
[R3]bgp 2
[R3-bgp]rou
[R3-bgp]route-
[R3-bgp]route
[R3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-bgp]pe
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 2
[R3-bgp]pe
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 con
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface l
[R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3]bgp 2
[R3-bgp]pe
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[R3-bgp]per
[R3-bgp]pe
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 con
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface l
[R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R3-bgp]
R4
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]pe
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 2
[R4-bgp]pee
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 co
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface l
[R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
由于as2内部跑了ospf环回间是通的所以可以bgp建邻,但是4跟5的环回不通所以无法建邻,所以要在4和5上写静态路由
[R4]ip rou
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 32 45.1.1.5
[R4]ip route-static 5.5.5.5 32 54.1.1.5
[R5]ip rou
[R5]ip route
[R5]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 45.1.1.4
[R5]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 54.1.1.4
由于bgp邻居发包默认ttl值为1 所以要改ttl
[R4]bgp 2
[R4-bgp]rou
[R4-bgp]route
[R4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-bgp]peer
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 3
[R4-bgp]pe
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 co
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface l
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R4-bgp]per
[R4-bgp]pe
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 e
[R4-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[R5]bgp 3
[R5-bgp]router
[R5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-bgp]peer
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 2
[R5-bgp]pe
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 conm
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 con
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface l
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R5-bgp]peer
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 e
[R5-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
建邻后,邻居之间就会通过tcp三次握手建立tcp会话,收发一次open报文,建立bgp邻居,生成邻居表
建邻完成开始传递路由
R1 上宣告主机的时候需根路由表中的信息完全一样
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]net
[R1-bgp]network 192.168.1.0 24
宣告后本地就会生成bgp路由表
*>表示可优可传递,在r2上就会有
而且已加进自己的路由表,也可以传给3
在3上显示的不优不传递,表示不可加载也不可传递,原因是nexthop下一跳是12.1.1.1 递归后是23.1.1.2 ,但是r3的路由表中没有到12.1.1.0的路由 ,所以下一跳到不了显示不优
解决方案:r2给r3路由的时候改一下下一跳
R2
[R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local
此时的R3
下一跳变成了2.2.2.2 可达 此时便可加表也可传,但是R4上不会有
原因:ibgp水平分割:从一个ibgp学到的路由不交给另一个ibgp邻居
解决方案:R2跟R4建个邻让2给4
此时因为下一跳不可达还是不优,所以在2上也要改一下下一跳
[R2-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 next-hop-local
此时4就可以传给5了 而且不受限,因为4跟5是ebgp
此时1的用户大家都学到了,接下来学5
[R5]bgp 3
[R5-bgp]
[R5-bgp]net
[R5-bgp]network 192.168.5.0 24
在4上改一下下一跳
此时1也就有了
就这个实验而言,中间3台电脑只要各自宣告一下就行,1和5便会学到